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| Communication skill score | ||
|---|---|---|
Mean score |
Standard error (SE) |
|
| Total (n=3,863) | 10.4 |
0.04 |
| Sex of child (n=3,863) | ||
| Female | 10.61 |
0.04 |
| Male | 10.2 |
0.05 |
| Household income level (n=3,863) | ||
| Below low income cut-off (LICO) (level 1) | 9.92 |
0.09 |
| LICO to less than 2 times LICO (level 2) | 10.32 |
0.06 |
| Two times LICO to less than 3 times LICO (level 3) | 10.6 |
0.06 |
| Three times LICO or above (level 4) | 10.7 |
0.06 |
| Parent education level (n=3,803) | ||
| High school or less | 10.11 |
0.06 |
| More than high school | 10.6 |
0.04 |
| Family structure (n=3,863) | ||
| One-parent family | 10.1 |
0.09 |
| Two-parent family | 10.5 |
0.04 |
| Country of birth of parent (n=3,785) | ||
| Parent born outside Canada | 10.2 |
0.08 |
| Parent born in Canada | 10.5 |
0.04 |
| Kindergarten attendance (n=3,789) | ||
| Not in kindergarten | 10.4 |
0.10 |
| In kindergarten | 10.4 |
0.04 |
| Community size (n=3,863) | ||
| Rural (level 1) | 10.4 |
0.07 |
| Under 30,000 (level 2) | 10.6 |
0.08 |
| 30,000 to under 100,000 (level 3) | 10.4 |
0.08 |
| 100,000 to under 500,000 (level 4) | 10.4 |
0.10 |
| 500,000 and over (level 5) | 10.3 |
0.05 |
| Province of residence (n=3,863) | ||
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 10.6 |
0.08 |
| Prince Edward Island | 10.6 |
0.12 |
| Nova Scotia | 10.5 |
0.13 |
| New Brunswick | 10.4 |
0.14 |
| Quebec | 10.3 |
0.07 |
| Ontario | 10.5 |
0.06 |
| Manitoba | 10.4 |
0.11 |
| Saskatchewan | 10.2 |
0.12 |
| Alberta | 10.2 |
0.13 |
| British Columbia | 10.4 |
0.10 |
| 1. Statistically significant and substantive difference between levels. 2. Statistically significant and substantive differences between level 1 and levels 3, 4; and between level 2 and level 4. |
||
| Notes Statistical significance: p<0.01 for differences between 2 levels of sex of child and parent education level; p<0.008 for differences among 4 levels of household income level (nominal significance level of p<0.05 adjusted for multiple comparisons). Substantive differences are defined as mean differences of 0.25 of a standard deviation (0.25 SD) or more, as follows: for communication skill score at age 5, 0.25 SD=0.41. Numbers vary due to missing data for some child and family characteristics. LICO refers to the low income cut-off. |
||
| Data source: Statistics Canada, National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, 2002/2003. | ||
| Table source: Statistics Canada, 2006, Readiness to Learn at School Among Five-year-old Children in Canada, Number 4 in the Children and Youth Research Paper Series, catalogue number 89-599-XWE2006004. | ||