Table 5
National gross domestic expenditures on research and development, in the natural sciences and engineering, Canada

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National gross domestic expenditures on research and development, in the natural sciences and engineering, Canada
Table summary
The table displays national gross domestic expenditures on research and development in the natural sciences and engineering in Canada. The row headers show natural science and engineering research and development expenditure data by the funding sectors. The column headers show natural science and engineering research and development expenditure data by the performing sectors. All data in the table are in millions of dollars. These data are presented for 11 years including preliminary and intention data for the two most current years. A note indicates that components may not add to totals due to rounding. A second note explains that performing sector data for the private non-profit sector are only available at the Canada level starting in the year 2000. The third note states that the business enterprise sector's research and development expenditure distribution by source of funds is modelled.
Funding sector Performing sector
Federal government Provincial governments Provincial research organizations Business enterprise Higher education Private non-profit organizations Total
  millions of dollars
2013 p Natural sciences  
Total 2,259 266 31 15,621 9,480 139 27,796
Federal government 2,201 .. 1 425 2,619 34 5,278
Provincial governments 5 266 16 157 990 65 1,499
Provincial research organizations . . 3 . . . 3
Business enterprise 53 .. 10 13,386 905 8 14,362
Higher education . . . . 3,925 . 3,925
Private non-profit organizations . . 0 s . 915 27 942
Foreign . .. 1 1,653 127 6 1,787
2012 p Natural sciences  
Total 2,224 272 32 16,063 9,386 120 28,098
Federal government 2,164 .. 1 416 2,593 29 5,202
Provincial governments 5 272 17 157 980 56 1,486
Provincial research organizations . . 3 . . . 3
Business enterprise 55 .. 10 13,844 896 7 14,811
Higher education . . . . 3,886 . 3,886
Private non-profit organizations . . 0 s . 906 23 929
Foreign . .. 1 1,647 126 6 1,779
2011 Natural sciences  
Total 2,420 260 32 15,960 9,281 122 28,075
Federal government 2,343 .. 1 444 2,564 30 5,381
Provincial governments 4 260 16 153 969 57 1,459
Provincial research organizations . . 4 . . . 4
Business enterprise 74 .. 10 13,700 886 7 14,677
Higher education . . . . 3,842 . 3,842
Private non-profit organizations . . 0 s . 896 24 920
Foreign . .. 1 1,663 125 6 1,794
2010 r Natural sciences  
Total 2,726 283 35 15,467 8,950 127 27,588
Federal government 2,651 6 3 426 2,556 24 5,667
Provincial governments 5 224 13 166 955 54 1,417
Provincial research organizations . . 5 . . . 5
Business enterprise 70 53 13 13,048 803 8 13,995
Higher education . . . . 3,649 . 3,649
Private non-profit organizations . . 0 s . 846 36 883
Foreign . .. 1 1,827 141 5 1,973
2009 r Natural sciences  
Total 2,546 314 33 16,038 8,641 117 27,690
Federal government 2,468 1 2 305 2,452 25 5,253
Provincial governments 5 266 12 148 915 43 1,389
Provincial research organizations . . 5 . . . 5
Business enterprise 73 47 14 13,583 854 5 14,576
Higher education . . . . 3,567 . 3,567
Private non-profit organizations . . 0 s . 732 38 771
Foreign . .. 0 s 2,003 120 6 2,129
2008 r Natural sciences  
Total 2,388 327 38 16,644 8,716 169 28,283
Federal government 2,312 2 3 319 2,342 49 5,028
Provincial governments 9 284 11 71 884 34 1,293
Provincial research organizations . . .. . . . ..
Business enterprise 68 40 22 14,173 856 14 15,173
Higher education . . . . 3,745 . 3,745
Private non-profit organizations . . 1 . 775 58 833
Foreign . .. 1 2,082 114 14 2,211
2007 r Natural sciences  
Total 2,360 301 57 16,756 8,125 151 27,750
Federal government 2,284 2 2 253 2,272 43 4,856
Provincial governments 9 261 10 97 827 22 1,225
Provincial research organizations . . .. . . . ..
Business enterprise 67 38 44 13,744 834 13 14,740
Higher education . . . . 3,368 . 3,368
Private non-profit organizations . . .. . 725 57 782
Foreign . .. 1 2,663 99 16 2,779
2006 Natural sciences  
Total 2,340 280 22 16,474 7,714 137 26,918
Federal government 2,278 4 1 257 2,086 37 4,664
Provincial governments 7 243 10 155 794 26 1,235
Provincial research organizations . . 0 . . . 0
Business enterprise 55 33 10 13,907 775 21 14,801
Higher education . . . . 3,302 . 3,302
Private non-profit organizations . . .. . 631 40 671
Foreign . .. 0 s 2,107 126 13 2,246
2005 Natural sciences  
Total 2,289 252 23 15,638 7,627 139 25,968
Federal government 2,217 4 1 323 2,126 40 4,710
Provincial governments 9 219 12 90 779 26 1,134
Provincial research organizations . . 0 s . . . 0 s
Business enterprise 64 30 10 12,899 774 21 13,797
Higher education . . . . 3,229 . 3,229
Private non-profit organizations . . .. . 603 35 638
Foreign . .. 0 s 2,327 116 17 2,460
2004 Natural sciences  
Total 1,965 241 25 15,144 7,280 99 24,753
Federal government 1,909 2 1 271 1,960 11 4,154
Provincial governments 7 212 14 59 831 14 1,052
Provincial research organizations . . 0 s . . . 0 s
Business enterprise 49 26 10 12,535 728 12 13,360
Higher education . . . . 3,110 . 3,110
Private non-profit organizations . . .. . 556 48 604
Foreign . .. 0 s 2,280 96 13 2,388
2003 Natural sciences  
Total 1,964 229 24 14,094 6,545 88 22,944
Federal government 1,907 2 1 299 1,846 14 4,070
Provincial governments 8 202 14 70 814 15 1,124
Provincial research organizations . . 0 s . . . 0 s
Business enterprise 48 25 9 11,651 654 13 12,401
Higher education . . . . 2,669 . 2,669
Private non-profit organizations . . .. . 485 37 523
Foreign . .. 0 s 2,073 76 8 2,158
Note(s):
Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector performing research and development are not distributed by provinces or territories. The national totals of research and development by performing sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding research and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business enterprise sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business enterprise provincial and territorial R&D.
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