Table 2
Police-reported incidents of human trafficking, by statute and census metropolitan area, 2012 to 2022


Table 2
Police-reported incidents of human trafficking, by statute and census metropolitan area, 2012 to 2022
Table summary
This table displays the results of Police-reported incidents of human trafficking. The information is grouped by Census metropolitan area (CMA) (appearing as row headers), Human trafficking incidents reported in 2022, Human trafficking incidents reported in 2012 to 2022, Criminal Code, Immigration and Refugee Protection Act and Total, calculated using number, rate and average annual rate units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Census metropolitan area (CMA)Table 2 Note 1 Human trafficking incidents reported in 2022 Human trafficking incidents reported in 2012 to 2022
Criminal Code Immigration and Refugee Protection Act Total Criminal Code Immigration and Refugee Protection Act Total
number rate number average annual rateTable 2 Note 2
St. John's 1 1 2 0.9 2 4 6 0.3
Halifax 27 0 27 5.6 145 98 243 5.0
MonctonTable 2 Note 3 8 1 9 5.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Saint JohnTable 2 Note 3 0 0 0 0.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Saguenay 1 0 1 0.6 1 0 1 0.1
Québec 6 1 7 0.8 54 3 57 0.6
Sherbrooke 2 0 2 0.9 3 0 3 0.1
Trois-Rivières 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0
Montréal 15 0 15 0.3 237 12 249 0.5
GatineauTable 2 Note 4 7 0 7 2.0 39 0 39 1.1
OttawaTable 2 Note 5 23 0 23 2.0 354 10 364 3.2
Kingston 3 1 4 2.3 7 21 28 1.5
BellevilleTable 2 Note 6 0 1 1 0.9 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Peterborough 5 0 5 3.8 41 14 55 3.9
Toronto 125 29 154 2.3 611 300 911 1.3
Hamilton 7 16 23 2.9 83 77 160 1.9
St. Catharines–Niagara 7 10 17 3.4 36 100 136 2.6
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo 22 1 23 3.6 85 13 98 1.5
Brantford 2 1 3 1.9 13 6 19 1.1
Guelph 1 5 6 4.0 12 10 22 1.4
London 19 2 21 3.6 102 28 130 2.2
Windsor 4 4 8 2.2 28 70 98 2.6
Barrie 11 2 13 4.8 50 27 77 2.8
Greater Sudbury 2 0 2 1.2 32 1 33 1.8
Thunder Bay 1 4 5 4.0 36 45 81 5.9
Winnipeg 0 0 0 0.0 25 2 27 0.3
Regina 0 3 3 1.1 4 12 16 0.6
Saskatoon 6 2 8 2.3 60 9 69 1.9
LethbridgeTable 2 Note 6 2 0 2 1.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Calgary 4 1 5 0.3 63 14 77 0.5
Edmonton 10 5 15 1.0 62 47 109 0.7
Kelowna 2 0 2 0.9 20 0 20 0.9
Abbotsford–Mission 0 0 0 0.0 8 0 8 0.4
Vancouver 15 1 16 0.6 109 8 117 0.4
Victoria 2 0 2 0.5 15 0 15 0.3
CMA total 340 91 431 1.5 2,362 945 3,307 1.1
Non-CMA total 71 26 97 0.9 482 207 689 0.6
CanadaTable 2 Note 7 411 117 528 1.4 2,844 1,152 3,996 1.0
... not applicable
Note 1

A census metropolitan area (CMA) consists of one or more neighbouring municipalities situated around a major urban core. A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000, of which 50,000 or more live in the urban core. To be included in the CMA, adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the central urban area, as measured by commuting flows derived from census data. A CMA typically comprises more than one police service. CMA populations have been adjusted to follow policing boundaries. The Oshawa CMA is excluded from this table due to the incongruity between the police service jurisdictional boundaries and the CMA boundaries. It is important to note that while official police-reported data on crime from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey use Statistics Canada's standard CMA names, the boundaries for the policing-based CMAs do not always fully align with the standard CMA geographic units used for disseminating information about the Census of Population.

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Note 2

This rate is the average of the annual rates from 2012 to 2022.

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Note 3

Part way through 2013, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police revised policing boundaries for rural detachments in New Brunswick. This resulted in a change in the census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries that are determined for the purpose of reporting crime statistics. As such, 2013 data for the New Brunswick CMAs of Saint John and Moncton are not comparable to previous or future years. Further, data from 2014 onward are not comparable to years prior to 2014.

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Note 4

Gatineau refers to the Quebec part of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area.

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Note 5

Ottawa refers to the Ontario part of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area.

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Note 6

Following the 2016 Census of Population, Belleville and Lethbridge were reclassified as census metropolitan areas. As such, data for the 2012-2022 period are not available.

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Note 7

Under the authority of the Canadian Forces Provost Marshal, the Canadian Forces Military Police Group started reporting incidents to the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey in 2020. For this reason, CMA and non-CMA counts may not equal counts for Canada.

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Note: This table is based on aggregate data, and counts are based on the most serious violation in a criminal incident. Rates are calculated on the basis of 100,000 population. Populations are based upon July 1 estimates from Statistics Canada, Centre for Demography. The Uniform Crime Reporting Survey was amended in 2011 to allow police services to report the specific offence of human trafficking under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Once the specific violation code was introduced, a small number of incidents which took place prior to this date were reported.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.
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