Table 14
Police-reported youth crime for selected offences, Canada, 2017 and 2018


Table 14
Police-reported youth crime for selected offences, Canada, 2017 and 2018
Table summary
This table displays the results of Police-reported youth crime for selected offences. The information is grouped by Type of offence (appearing as row headers), 2017, 2018, Change in rate 2017 to 2018 and Change in rate 2008 to 2018, calculated using number, rate and percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Type of offence 2017Note r: revised 2018 Change in rate 2017 to 2018Table 14 Note 1 Change in rate 2008 to 2018Table 14 Note 1
number rate number rate percent
Total Criminal Code (excluding traffic) – "Crime rate" 89,202 3,766 80,189 3,372 -10 -48
Total violent crime 32,172 1,358 31,463 1,323 -3 -30
Homicide 53 2 37 2 -30 -28
Other violations causing deathTable 14 Note 2 5 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 10 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 99 118
Attempted murder 43 2 43 2 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded -22
Sexual assault - level 3 - aggravated 5 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 3 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Sexual assault - level 2 - weapon or bodily harm 56 2 38 2 -32 12
Sexual assault - level 1 2,066 87 2,317 97 12 13
Sexual violations against childrenTable 14 Note 3Table 14 Note 4Table 14 Note 5 1,159 49 1,135 48 -2 Note ...: not applicable
Assault - level 3 - aggravated 307 13 283 12 -8 -40
Assault - level 2 - weapon or bodily harm 4,126 174 4,032 170 -3 -36
Assault - level 1 12,456 526 12,386 521 -1 -38
Assault against a peace officer 701 30 678 29 -4 -30
Other assaults 99 4 111 5 12 -66
Firearms - use of, discharge, pointing 254 11 216 9 -15 3
Robbery 2,989 126 2,839 119 -5 -30
Forcible confinement or kidnapping 149 6 121 5 -19 -59
Trafficking in personsTable 14 Note 6 20 1 8 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded -60 Note ...: not applicable
Extortion 185 8 162 7 -13 5
Criminal harassment 1,058 45 889 37 -16 -18
Uttering threats 5,113 216 5,045 212 -2 -32
Indecent and harassing phone callsTable 14 Note 7 526 22 435 18 -18 -48
Non-consensual distribution of intimate imagesTable 14 Note 8 350 15 325 14 -8 Note ...: not applicable
Commodification of sexual activityTable 14 Note 9 23 1 20 1 -13 Note ...: not applicable
Other violent Criminal Code violations 429 18 330 14 -23 -14
Total property crime 38,787 1,637 32,702 1,375 -16 -60
Breaking and entering 5,056 213 3,800 160 -25 -64
Possess stolen propertyTable 14 Note 10 1,759 74 1,548 65 -12 -78
Theft of motor vehicle 1,963 83 1,670 70 -15 -53
Theft over $5,000 (non-motor vehicle) 156 7 150 6 -4 -50
Shoplifting under $5,000 12,650 534 10,604 446 -17 -45
Theft of $5,000 or under (non-motor vehicle) 5,390 228 4,528 190 -16 -67
FraudTable 14 Note 11 1,081 46 1,084 46 0 -50
Identity theftTable 14 Note 11 25 1 14 1 -44 Note ...: not applicable
Identity fraudTable 14 Note 11 89 4 89 4 0 Note ...: not applicable
MischiefTable 14 Note 12 10,095 426 8,828 371 -13 -63
Arson 523 22 387 16 -26 -68
Total other Criminal Code offences 18,243 770 16,024 674 -13 -45
Weapons violations 1,953 82 1,722 72 -12 -38
Child pornographyTable 14 Note 13Table 14 Note 14 674 28 616 26 -9 1,331
ProstitutionTable 14 Note 9 3 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 0 0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
TerrorismTable 14 Note 15 1 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 1 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Disturb the peace 2,801 118 2,612 110 -7 -63
Administration of justice violations 11,328 478 9,861 415 -13 -40
Other violations 1,483 63 1,212 51 -19 -57
Total Criminal Code traffic violations 1,116 47 1,018 43 -9 -54
Alcohol-impaired drivingTable 14 Note 16 Table 14 Note 17 343 14 294 12 -15 Note ...: not applicable
Drug-impaired drivingTable 14 Note 16 Table 14 Note 18 51 2 81 3 58 Note ...: not applicable
Alcohol- and drug-impaired drivingTable 14 Note 19 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Impaired driving (not specified)Table 14 Note 19 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Other Criminal Code traffic violations 722 30 638 27 -12 -44
Total drug offences 10,329 436 7,323 308 -29 -58
Total other federal statute violations 4,575 193 4,431 186 -4 -46
Human trafficking under the Immigration and Refugee Protection ActTable 14 Note 20 1 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded 1 0sNote: value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Youth Criminal Justice Act 3,064 129 2,533 107 -18 -63
Other federal statutes 1,510 64 1,897 80 25 44
Total - all violations 105,222 4,442 92,961 3,909 -12 -49
... not applicable
0s value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded
r revised
Note 1

Due to the variability in small numbers, percent changes have not been calculated when the number of offences is below five in any given year.

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Note 2

Includes, for example, criminal negligence causing death.

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Note 3

Excludes sexual assaults against children and youth, which are reported as level 1, 2 or 3 sexual assault.

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Note 4

Sexual violations against children is a relatively new crime category with only partial data available prior to 2010, therefore the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown.

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Note 5

Includes sexual interference, invitation to sexual touching, sexual exploitation, luring a child via telecommunications/agreement or arrangement, making sexually explicit material available to a child for the purpose of facilitating sexual offences against children/youth, and the offences of parent or guardian procuring sexual activity, householder permitting prohibited sexual activity, agreement or arrangement of a sexual offence against a child, and bestiality in the presence of or inciting a child (s. 160(3)). Incidents of child pornography are not included in the category of sexual violations against children.

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Note 6

"Trafficking in persons" includes four specific indictable offences to address human trafficking, namely sections 279.01 (Trafficking in persons), 279.011 (Trafficking of a person under the age of eighteen years), 279.02 (Material benefit), and 279.03 (Withholding or destroying documents). Changes to the Criminal Code, including the introduction of new offences related to trafficking in persons were made in 2005, 2010, 2012 and 2014. Therefore, the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown.

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Note 7

This offence was amended in the Protecting Canadians from Online Crime Act: Bill C-13 (2015) to include all means of telecommunication, not only phone calls.

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Note 8

Nonconsensual distribution of intimate images is an offence created by the Protecting Canadians from Online Crime Act: Bill C-13 (2015), therefore the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown.

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Note 9

In December 2014, new legislation came into effect governing prostitution-related activities. The new legislation targets “the exploitation that is inherent in prostitution and the risks of violence posed to those who engage in it” (Criminal Code Chapter 25, preamble). New violations classified as “commodification of sexual activity” under “violent crime” include: the purchasing of sexual services or communicating for that purpose, receiving a material benefit deriving from the purchase of sexual services, procuring of persons for the purpose of prostitution, and advertising sexual services offered for sale. In addition, a number of other offences related to prostitution continue to be considered non-violent offences and are classified under “other Criminal Code offences”. These include communicating to provide sexual services for consideration, and stopping or impeding traffic for the purpose of offering, providing or obtaining sexual services for consideration.

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Note 10

Includes trafficking and the intent to traffic stolen goods.

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Note 11

In January 2010, the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey was modified to create new violation codes for identity fraud and identity theft. Prior to 2010, those offences would have been coded as fraud. Therefore, the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 for fraud includes identity fraud and identity theft.

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Note 12

Includes altering/removing/destroying a vehicle identification number.

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Note 13

Due to the complexity of these cyber incidents, the data likely reflect the number of active or closed investigations for the year rather than the total number of incidents reported to police. Data are based on police-reported incidents that are recorded in police services’ records management systems.

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Note 14

The offence of “child pornography” includes offences under section 163.1 of the Criminal Code which makes it illegal to access, possess, make, print, or distribute child pornography. When the actual victim is not identified, this offence is reported to the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey with the most serious offence being “child pornography” which falls under the larger crime category of “other Criminal Code offences”. In cases where an actual victim is identified, police will report the most serious offence as sexual assault, sexual exploitation or other sexual violations against children, which fall under the category of “violent crimes”, and child pornography may be reported as a secondary violation.

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Note 15

Includes seven terrorism violations which were introduced mid-year 2013, as a result of the enactment of Bill S-7 (An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act). An additional terrorism violation code was introduced in late 2015, as a result of the enactment of Bill C-51 Anti-terrorism Act. Therefore, comparisons to previous years should be made with caution. Terrorism is a relatively new crime category with only partial data available prior to 2010; therefore, the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown. Due to the length of time for investigations to confirm whether or not the incident is founded, annual counts of terrorism offences are subject to revisions downwards when revised data are released one year after the initial release; therefore, changes between the current year of data and the previous year should be interpreted with caution.

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Note 16

In 2008, the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey was modified to create new violation codes for drug-impaired operation of a vehicle, drug-impaired operation of a vehicle causing death or bodily harm, failure or refusal to comply with testing for the presence of drugs and failure or refusal to provide a breath or blood sample. Prior to 2008, those offences would have been coded together with alcohol-impaired driving violations. Therefore, the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown.

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Note 17

Includes alcohol-impaired operation of a vehicle, alcohol-impaired operation of a vehicle causing death or bodily harm, failure or refusal to comply with testing for the presence of alcohol and failure or refusal to provide a breath or blood sample. In some jurisdictions, including British Columbia, impaired driving incidents that meet the elements of the Criminal Code may be handled using a provincial statute. Collection of these incidents is within the scope of the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.

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Note 18

Includes drug-impaired operation of a vehicle, drug-impaired operation of a vehicle causing death or bodily harm, failure or refusal to comply with testing for the presence of drugs and failure or refusal to provide a breath or blood sample. In some jurisdictions, including British Columbia, impaired driving incidents that meet the elements of the Criminal Code may be handled using a provincial statute. Collection of these incidents is within the scope of the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.

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Note 19

Reflects new impaired driving offences as per Bill C-46 "An Act to amend the Criminal Code (offences relating to conveyances) and to make consequential amendments to other Acts", which came into effect part way through 2018.

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Note 20

Includes human trafficking violations under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Data specific to these offences are not available prior to 2011, therefore, the percentage change from 2008 to 2018 is not shown.

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Note: Data is based on the number of youth aged 12 to 17 years who were either charged (or recommended for charging) by police or diverted from the formal criminal justice system through the use of warnings, cautions, referrals to community programs, etc. Counts are based upon the most serious violation in the incident. One incident may involve multiple violations. While the definition of youth and the legislation governing youth justice have changed over the years, data for police-reported rates of youth accused of total, violent, property and other crime categories are available from 1977. Rates are calculated on the basis of 100,000 youth population. Percent changes are based on unrounded rates. Due to the variability in small numbers, percent changes have not been calculated when the number of offenders is below 5 in any given year. Populations are based on July 1st estimates from Statistics Canada, Demography Division.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.
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