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Table 2
Odds ratios relating selected characteristics to low self-esteem, household population aged 10 or 11 in 1994/1995, Canada excluding territories, 1994/1995, 1996/1997 and 1998/1999
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| Characteristics in 1994/1995 | Cross-sectional analysis | Two-year follow-up (1996/1997) | Four-year follow-up (1998/1999) | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | Odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | Odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | |||||||
| from | to | from | to | from | to | from | to | from | to | from | to | |||||||
| Self-esteem | ||||||||||||||||||
| Normal† | … | … | … | … | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Low | … | … | … | … | … | … | 3.55* | 2.40 | 5.23 | 3.40* | 2.24 | 5.17 | 3.29* | 2.16 | 5.01 | 3.19* | 1.97 | 5.12 |
| Body weight | ||||||||||||||||||
| Normal† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Overweight | 1.33 | 0.92 | 1.93 | 1.29 | 0.86 | 1.94 | 1.38 | 0.93 | 2.06 | 1.36 | 0.87 | 2.14 | 1.12 | 0.74 | 1.69 | 1.03 | 0.64 | 1.66 |
| Obesity | 1.96* | 1.09 | 3.62 | 1.84* | 1.01 | 3.47 | 1.47 | 0.78 | 2.75 | 1.15 | 0.59 | 2.26 | 2.18* | 1.08 | 4.39 | 1.82* | 1.01 | 3.78 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||||
| Girl† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Boy | 0.94 | 0.71 | 1.26 | 0.94 | 0.68 | 1.29 | 0.52* | 0.38 | 0.71 | 0.48* | 0.33 | 0.69 | 0.39* | 0.28 | 0.54 | 0.37* | 0.25 | 0.55 |
| School performance | ||||||||||||||||||
| Poor or very poor† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Average | 0.69 | 0.34 | 1.40 | 0.68 | 0.33 | 1.42 | 0.72 | 0.30 | 1.73 | 0.81 | 0.33 | 2.00 | 1.76 | 0.61 | 5.13 | 1.45 | 0.50 | 4.18 |
| Good or very good | 0.43* | 0.22 | 0.84 | 0.43* | 0.21 | 0.86 | 0.41* | 0.18 | 0.97 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 1.13 | 1.43 | 0.52 | 3.91 | 1.20 | 0.44 | 3.27 |
| Residence | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rural† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Urban | 1.03 | 0.79 | 1.34 | 1.04 | 0.78 | 1.39 | 1.11 | 0.83 | 1.49 | 1.08 | 0.79 | 1.50 | 1.30 | 0.93 | 1.82 | 1.18 | 0.81 | 1.73 |
| Annual household income | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less than $20,000† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| $20,000 to $39,999 | 1.17 | 0.52 | 2.69 | 1.27 | 0.54 | 2.99 | 0.60 | 0.27 | 1.35 | 0.57 | 0.26 | 1.26 | 1.24 | 0.54 | 2.85 | 0.91 | 0.38 | 2.20 |
| $40,000 to $59,999 | 1.06 | 0.46 | 2.44 | 1.09 | 0.46 | 2.59 | 0.81 | 0.36 | 1.83 | 0.80 | 0.36 | 1.76 | 1.30 | 0.57 | 2.95 | 0.96 | 0.41 | 2.27 |
| $60,000 or more | 0.99 | 0.44 | 2.20 | 1.02 | 0.44 | 2.39 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 1.17 | 0.54 | 0.24 | 1.21 | 0.85 | 0.38 | 1.88 | 0.65 | 0.28 | 1.52 |
| Parental education | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less than secondary graduation† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Secondary graduation | 0.41* | 0.20 | 0.84 | 0.42* | 0.19 | 0.93 | 0.68 | 0.36 | 1.32 | 0.81 | 0.42 | 1.57 | 0.86 | 0.39 | 1.88 | 0.90 | 0.42 | 1.92 |
| Some postsecondary | 0.54 | 0.28 | 1.02 | 0.58 | 0.29 | 1.16 | 0.67 | 0.36 | 1.24 | 0.82 | 0.45 | 1.51 | 0.95 | 0.47 | 1.91 | 1.16 | 0.57 | 2.39 |
| Postsecondary graduation | 0.79 | 0.45 | 1.42 | 0.93 | 0.48 | 1.80 | 0.82 | 0.46 | 1.46 | 1.01 | 0.55 | 1.85 | 1.04 | 0.55 | 1.97 | 1.24 | 0.63 | 2.42 |
| Weekly physical activity | ||||||||||||||||||
| Twice or less† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Three or four times | 0.79 | 0.54 | 1.15 | 0.83 | 0.56 | 1.23 | 0.66 | 0.42 | 1.04 | 0.74 | 0.46 | 1.21 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 1.12 | 0.77 | 0.47 | 1.26 |
| Five to seven times | 0.76 | 0.54 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.55 | 1.12 | 0.68* | 0.48 | 0.98 | 0.79 | 0.53 | 1.19 | 0.50* | 0.33 | 0.76 | 0.55* | 0.34 | 0.89 |
| Eight or more times | 0.37* | 0.19 | 0.72 | 0.37* | 0.18 | 0.77 | 0.32* | 0.15 | 0.69 | 0.50 | 0.22 | 1.10 | 0.45 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.62 | 0.24 | 1.59 |
| Weekly screen time | ||||||||||||||||||
| Twice or less† | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … | 1.00 | … | … |
| Three or four times | 1.36 | 0.52 | 3.54 | 1.60 | 0.60 | 4.31 | 0.58 | 0.19 | 1.83 | 0.70 | 0.21 | 2.32 | 0.63 | 0.17 | 2.33 | 0.67 | 0.15 | 2.93 |
| Five to seven times | 1.31 | 0.58 | 2.99 | 1.33 | 0.56 | 3.16 | 1.20 | 0.45 | 3.19 | 1.23 | 0.44 | 3.42 | 1.50 | 0.49 | 4.58 | 1.65 | 0.47 | 5.87 |
| Eight or more times | 1.40 | 0.60 | 3.24 | 1.40 | 0.58 | 3.35 | 1.27 | 0.47 | 3.47 | 1.47 | 0.52 | 4.18 | 1.47 | 0.48 | 4.50 | 2.14 | 0.60 | 7.63 |
| † reference category * significantly different from reference category (p < 0.05) Source: 1994/1995, 1996/1997, and 1998/1999 National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Table source: Statistics Canada, 2009, "The influence of childhood obesity on the development of self-esteem", Health Reports, Vol. 20, No. 2, catalogue number 82-003-X. |
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