Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D) by performing sector, Canada and provinces, 2000 and 2005 to 2010

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Table summary
This table displays the results of expenditures on research and development (r&d) by performing sector 2000, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, calculated using millions of current dollars units of measure (appearing as column headers).
  2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
millions of current dollars
Canada, totalNote 1 20,556 28,022 29,079 30,032 30,751Note r: revised 29,660Note r: revised 30,048
Government, total 2,310 2,717 2,828 2,924 3,001 3,147Note r: revised 3,367
Federal government 2,080 2,414 2,496 2,532 2,599 2,762 3,007
Provincial governmentsNote 2 230 303 332 392 402 385Note r: revised 360
Business enterprise 12,395 15,638 16,474 16,756 16,644Note r: revised 15,569Note r: revised 15,116
Higher educationNote 3 5,793 9,518 9,625 10,187 10,926 10,818Note r: revised 11,429
Private non-profit 58 149 152 164 179 126Note r: revised 135
Newfoundland and Labrador,
total		 138 267 264 261 259Note r: revised 268Note r: revised 260
Government, total 35 33 31 33 24 25 22
Federal government 30 28 27 28 19 25 22
Provincial governmentNote 2 5 5 4 5 5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Business enterprise 20 86 101 89 90Note r: revised 91Note r: revised 72
Higher educationNote 3 83 149 132 140 146 152Note r: revised 166
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Prince Edward Island, total 37 66 69 60 66Note r: revised 68Note r: revised 67
Government, total 16 28 26 13 14 15 14
Federal government 16 28 26 13 14 15 12
Provincial governmentNote 2 0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 2
Business enterprise 5 11 12 13 15Note r: revised 11Note r: revised 10
Higher educationNote 3 16 27 31 34 37 41 42
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Nova Scotia, total 362 466 502 509 526Note r: revised 514Note r: revised 524
Government, total 94 72 79 77 77 67 69
Federal government 88 66 73 77 77 67 69
Provincial governmentNote 2 6 6 6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Business enterprise 67 97 106 106 105Note r: revised 104Note r: revised 83
Higher educationNote 3 200 297 317 327 343 343Note r: revised 372
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
New Brunswick, total 158 258 273 324 320Note r: revised 330Note r: revised 293
Government, total 30 30 34 58 49 50 38
Federal government 27 26 30 46 36 37 35
Provincial governmentNote 2 3 4 4 12 13 13 3
Business enterprise 40 99 104 122 121Note r: revised 122Note r: revised 103
Higher educationNote 3 89 130 135 144 150 158 152
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Quebec, total 5,717 7,262 7,904 7,949 8,088Note r: revised 7,753Note r: revised 7,957
Government, total 448 535 533 458 508 466Note r: revised 414
Federal government 390 451 449 368 413 367Note r: revised 308
Provincial governmentNote 2 58 84 84 90 95 99 106
Business enterprise 3,642 4,170 4,830 4,881 4,794Note r: revised 4,666Note r: revised 4,689
Higher educationNote 3 1,629 2,556 2,541 2,610 2,786 2,622Note r: revised 2,855
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Ontario, total 10,383 13,664 13,825 14,059 14,193Note r: revised 13,523Note r: revised 13,645
Government 1,210 1,479 1,584 1,681 1,730 1,890Note r: revised 2,234
Federal government 1,164 1,435 1,514 1,624 1,668 1,839Note r: revised 2,180
Provincial governmentNote 2 46 44 70 57 62 51 54
Business enterprise 6,857 8,204 8,153 8,065 7,883Note r: revised 7,099Note r: revised 6,799
Higher educationNote 3 2,317 3,980 4,088 4,314 4,580 4,534Note r: revised 4,611
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Manitoba, total 393 582 562 600 588Note r: revised 655Note r: revised 678
Government, total 72 87 87 91 95 120 117
Federal government 69 83 81 85 85 112 107
Provincial governmentNote 2 3 4 6 6 10 8 10
Business enterprise 133 200 188 207 182Note r: revised 207Note r: revised 210
Higher educationNote 3 189 294 287 302 312 327Note r: revised 351
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Saskatchewan, total 376 454 473 504 542Note r: revised 583Note r: revised 597
Government, total 72 83 83 80 81Note r: revised 121Note r: revised 108
Federal government 62 68 67 63 64Note r: revised 72 67
Provincial governmentNote 2, Note 4 10 15 16 17 17 49Note r: revised 41
Business enterprise 76 153 174 194 146Note r: revised 152Note r: revised 149
Higher educationNote 3 228 218 216 230 315 310Note r: revised 340
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Alberta, total 1,319 2,422 2,599 2,709 3,017Note r: revised 2,909Note r: revised 2,850
Government, total 190 252 258 256 277 246 230
Federal government 116 130 133 115 126 108 106
Provincial governmentNote 2 74 122 125 141 151 138 124
Business enterprise 583 1,208 1,422 1,449 1,618Note r: revised 1,483Note r: revised 1,378
Higher educationNote 3 547 962 919 1,004 1,122 1,179Note r: revised 1,243
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
British Columbia, total 1,606 2,414 2,432 2,838 2,948Note r: revised 2,918Note r: revised 3,025
Government, total 136 109 109 137 126 140 112
Federal government 111 91 91 107 93 115 93
Provincial governmentNote 2 25 18 18 30 33 25 19
Business enterprise 973 1,402 1,364 1,616 1,685Note r: revised 1,628Note r: revised 1,617
Higher educationNote 3 497 904 959 1,083 1,136 1,151Note r: revised 1,297
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
.. not available for a specific reference period
r revised
Note 1.

Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

Note 2.

Includes provincial research councils and foundations. Not all provinces participate in Statistics Canada's survey of provincial scientific activities and therefore these data are not reflected here.

Note 3.

"Higher education' (previously labelled "university") covers postsecondary educational institutions and affiliated teaching and research facilities. This change is part of an initiative to facilitate international comparisons.

Note 4.

In 2009, increases in R&D expenditures in the provincial government category for Saskatchewan reflect data collection; for previous years, figures were estimated.

Notes: Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Beginning with reference year 2000, the data for the private non-profit sector performing research and development are not distributed by provinces. The Canada total does include the private non-profit sector. As of 2007, Quebec and Ontario figures include federal government expenditures on research and development performed in the National Capital Region.
To convert these current dollar data to constant dollar amounts for comparison over time, it is recommended that the gross domestic product (GDP) Implicit Price Index be used for national and provincial level conversions. For the index and further details on converting, see Table F.1.2.
For a brief description of this indicator, including the methodology, please see the Handbook for the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program.
Sources: Statistics Canada, 2012, Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD) and the Provinces: National Estimates 2002 to 2012 / Provincial Estimates 2006 to 2010,Catalogue number 88-221-X, Volume 4, number 2, Table 5 (for Canada) and Tables 6-1 to 6-10 (for provinces).
Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 358-0001, Gross domestic expenditures on research and development, by science type and by funder and performer sector, annual (dollars), data published December 6, 2012.
Updated May 1, 2013.
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