Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D) by performing sector, Canada and provinces, 2000 and 2005 to 2009

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Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D) by performing sector, Canada and provinces, 2000 and 2005 to 2009
  2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
millions of current dollars
Canada, totalNote 1 20,556 28,022r 29,079r 30,032r 30,517r 29,430
Government, total 2,310 2,717 2,828r 2,924 3,001 3182
Federal government 2,080 2,414 2,496 2,532 2,599 2,762
Provincial governmentsNote 2 230 303 332r 392 402 420
Business enterprise 12,395 15,638 16,474 16,756r 16,409r 15,110
Higher educationNote 3 5,793 9,518 9,625 10,187 10,926r 11,013
Private non-profit 58 149 152 164 179r 125
Newfoundland and Labrador,
total		 138 267 264 261r 257r 259
Government, total 35 33 31 33 24 25
Federal government 30 28 27 28 19 25
Provincial governmentNote 2 5 5 4 5 5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Business enterprise 20 86 101 89Note r: revised 88Note r: revised 81
Higher educationNote 3 83 149 132 140 146 153
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Prince Edward Island, total 37 66 69 60 64 66
Government, total 16 28 26 13 14 15
Federal government 16 28 26 13 14 15
Provincial governmentNote 2 0 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Business enterprise 5 11 12 13 14Note r: revised 9
Higher educationNote 3 16 27 31 34 37 41
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Nova Scotia, total 362 466 502 509r 523r 500
Government, total 94 72 79 77 77 67
Federal government 88 66 73 77 77 67
Provincial governmentNote 2 6 6 6 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Business enterprise 67 97 106 106Note r: revised 103Note r: revised 89
Higher educationNote 3 200 297 317 327 343 345
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
New Brunswick, total 158 258 273 324r 321r 327
Government, total 30 30 34 58 49 50
Federal government 27 26 30 46 36 37
Provincial governmentNote 2 3 4 4 12 13 13
Business enterprise 40 99 104 122Note r: revised 122Note r: revised 119
Higher educationNote 3 89 130 135 144 150 158
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Quebec, total 5,717 7,262 7,904r 7,949r 8,092r 7,855
Government, total 448 535r 533r 458r 508 495
Federal government 390 451 449Note r: revised 368Note r: revised 413 396
Provincial governmentNote 2 58 84Note r: revised 84Note r: revised 90 95 99
Business enterprise 3,642 4,170 4,830 4,881Note r: revised 4,798Note r: revised 4,581
Higher educationNote 3 1,629 2,556 2,541 2,610 2,786Note r: revised 2,779
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Ontario, total 10,383 13,664 13,825r 14,059r 14,055r 13,386
Government 1,210 1,479 1,584r 1,681r 1,730 1862
Federal government 1,164 1,435 1,514Note r: revised 1,624Note r: revised 1,668 1,811
Provincial governmentNote 2 46 44 70 57 62 51
Business enterprise 6,857 8,204 8,153 8,065Note r: revised 7,746Note r: revised 6,971
Higher educationNote 3 2,317 3,980 4,088 4,314 4,580 4,555
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Manitoba, total 393 582 562 600r 586r 653
Government, total 72 87 87 91 95 120
Federal government 69 83 81 85 85 112
Provincial governmentNote 2 3 4 6 6 10 8
Business enterprise 133 200 188 207Note r: revised 180Note r: revised 204
Higher educationNote 3 189 294 287 302 312 328
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Saskatchewan, total 376 454 473 504r 536r 596
Government, total 72 83 83 80r 82r 156
Federal government 62 68 67 63 65Note r: revised 72
Provincial governmentNote 2,Note 4 10 15 16 17Note r: revised 17 84
Business enterprise 76 153 174 194Note r: revised 140Note r: revised 129
Higher educationNote 3 228 218 216 230 315Note r: revised 311
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Alberta, total 1,319 2,422 2,599 2,709r 2,968r 2,851
Government, total 190 252 258 256r 277 246
Federal government 116 130 133 115Note r: revised 126 108
Provincial governmentNote 2 74 122 125 141 151 138
Business enterprise 583 1,208 1,422 1,449Note r: revised 1,569Note r: revised 1,420
Higher educationNote 3 547 962 919 1,004 1,122 1,185
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
British Columbia, total 1,606 2,414 2,432 2,838r 2,906r 2,798
Government, total 136 109 109 137r 126 140
Federal government 111 91 91 107Note r: revised 93 115
Provincial governmentNote 2 25 18 18 30 33 25
Business enterprise 973 1,402 1,364 1,616Note r: revised 1,643Note r: revised 1,502
Higher educationNote 3 497 904 959 1,083 1,136 1,157
Private non-profit Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
.. not available for a specific reference period
r revised
1. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
2. Includes provincial research councils and foundations. Not all provinces participate in Statistics Canada's survey of provincial scientific activities and therefore these data are not reflected here.
3. "Higher education' (previously labelled "university") covers postsecondary educational institutions and affiliated teaching and research facilities. This change is part of an initiative to facilitate international comparisons.
4. In 2009, increases in R&D expenditures by the provincial government category for Saskatchewan reflect data collection; for previous years, figures were estimated. Data for Saskatchewan are subject to revision.
Notes: Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Beginning with reference year 2000, the data for the private non-profit sector performing research and development are not distributed by provinces. The Canada total does include the private non-profit sector. As of 2007, Quebec and Ontario figures include federal government expenditures on research and development performed in the National Capital Region.
To convert these current dollar data to constant dollar amounts for comparison over time, it is recommended that the gross domestic product (GDP) Implicit Price Index be used for national and provincial level conversions. For the index and further details on converting, see Table F.1.2.
For a brief description of this indicator, including the methodology, please see the Handbook for the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program.
Sources: Statistics Canada, 2012, Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD) and the Provinces: National Estimates 2001 to 2011 / Provincial Estimates 2005 to 2009,Catalogue number 88-221-X, Volume 4, number 1, Table 5 (for Canada) and Tables 6-1 to 6-10 (for provinces).
Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 358-0001, Gross domestic expenditures on research and development, by science type and by funder and performer sector, annual (dollars), data published January 2012.
Updated May 1, 2012.
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