Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D) by performing sector, Canada and provinces, 2000 and 2005 to 2008

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Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D) by performing sector, Canada and provinces, 2000 and 2005 to 2008
  2000 2005 2006 2007 2008
millions of current dollars
Canada, total1 20,556 28,023r 29,080r 29,919r 29,894
Government, total 2,310 2,717 2,829 2,924 3,001
Federal government 2,080 2,414 2,496 2,532 2,599
Provincial governments2 230 303 333 392r 402
Business enterprise 12,395 15,638r 16,474r 16,644r 15,792
Higher education3 5,793 9,518 9,625 10,187 10,932
Private non-profit 58 149r 152r 164r 169
Newfoundland and Labrador, total 138 267 264r 268r 278
Government, total 35 33 31 33 24
Federal government 30 28 27 28 19
Provincial government2 5 5 4r 5 5
Business enterprise 20 86 101r 95 108
Higher education3 83 149 132 140 146
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Prince Edward Island, total 37 66 69r 60r 64
Government, total 16 28 26 13 14
Federal government 16 28 26 13 14
Provincial government2 0 .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise 5 11 12r 13r 13
Higher education3 16 27 31 34 37
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Nova Scotia, total 362 466 502r 505r 515
Government, total 94 72 79 77 77
Federal government 88 66 73 77 77
Provincial government2 6 6 6 .. ..
Business enterprise 67 97 106r 102r 94
Higher education3 200 297 317 327 343
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
New Brunswick, total 158 258 273r 317r 300
Government, total 30 30 34 58r 49
Federal government 27 26 30 46 36
Provincial government2 3 4 4 12 13
Business enterprise 40 99 104 115r 101
Higher education3 89 130 135 144 150
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Quebec, total 5,717 7,262r 7,912r 8,051r 7,895
Government, total 448r 536 542 500 508
Federal government 390 451 457 410 413
Provincial government2 58 85 85 90 95
Business enterprise 3,642 4,170r 4,830r 4,941r 4,595
Higher education3 1,629 2,556 2,541 2,610 2,792
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Ontario, total 10,383 13,664r 13,817r 13,918r 13,874
Government 1,210 1,479 1,576 1,639 1,730
Federal government 1,164 1,435 1,506 1,582 1,668
Provincial government2 46 44 70 57 62
Business enterprise 6,857 8,204r 8,153r 7,965r 7,564
Higher education3 2,317 3,980 4,088 4,314 4,580
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Manitoba, total 393 582 562r 597r 567
Government, total 72 87r 87r 91r 95
Federal government 69 83 81 85 85
Provincial government2 3 4 6 6 10
Business enterprise 133 200 188r 205 160
Higher education3 189 294 287 302 312
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Saskatchewan, total 376 454 473r 499r 528
Government, total 72 83 83 79r 81
Federal government 62 68 67 63 64
Provincial government2 10 15 16 16r 17
Business enterprise 76 153 174r 190r 132
Higher education3 228 218 216 230 314
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
Alberta, total 1,319 2,422r 2,599r 2,686r 2,877
Government, total 190r 252 258 257r 277
Federal government 116 130 133 116 126
Provincial government2 74 122 125 141 151
Business enterprise 583 1,208r 1,422r 1,425r 1,479
Higher education3 547 962 919 1,004 1,122
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
British Columbia, total 1,606 2,414r 2,432r 2,800r 2,804
Government, total 136 109r 109 138 126
Federal government 111 91 91 108 93
Provincial government2 25 18 18 30 33
Business enterprise 973 1,402r 1,364r 1,579r 1,541
Higher education3 497 904 959 1,083 1,136
Private non-profit .. .. .. .. ..
.. not available for a specific reference period
r revised
1. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
2. Includes provincial research councils and foundations.
3. Previously labelled "university". Higher education covers postsecondary educational institutions and affiliated teaching and research facilities. This change is part of an initiative to facilitate international comparisons.
Notes: Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Beginning with reference year 2000, the data for the private non-profit sector performing research and development are not distributed by provinces. Canada total does include the private non-profit sector. As of 2007, Quebec and Ontario figures include federal government expenditures on research and development performed in the National Capital Region.
To convert these current dollar data to constant dollar amounts for comparison over time, it is recommended that the gross domestic product (GDP) Implicit Price Index be used for national and provincial level conversions. For the index and further details on converting, see Table F.1.2.
For a brief description of this indicator, including the methodology, please see the Handbook for the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program.
Sources: Statistics Canada, 2010, Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada and the Provinces: National Estimates 2000 to 2010 and Provincial Estimates 2004 to 2008, Catalogue no.88-221-X, Vol. 3, no.1, Table 5 (for Canada) and Tables 6-1 to 6-10 (for provinces).
Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 358-0001, Gross domestic expenditures on research and development, by science type and by funder and performer sector, annual (dollars), data published December, 2009.
Updated April 29, 2011.
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