Table D.4.1
Total domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D) as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), OECD countries, 20081

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Table D.4.1
Total domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D) as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), OECD countries, 20081
OECD countries Domestic R&D expenditures/GDP
percent
Sweden2 3.75
Finland 3.73
Japan 3.42
Korea3 3.37
Switzerland 3.01
United States4 2.77p
Denmark2 2.72
Austria2 2.68p
Iceland 2.65p
Germany2 2.64
OECD Total5 2.33p
France 2.02p
Australia (2006) 1.97
Belgium 1.92p
Canada 1.87
European Union (27)5 1.81p
United Kingdom 1.77
Netherlands 1.75
Luxembourg 1.62p
Norway 1.62
Portugal3 1.51p
Czech Republic 1.47
Ireland 1.43p
Spain 1.35
New Zealand (2007) 1.21
Italy 1.19p
Hungary 1.00
Turkey 0.73
Poland 0.61
Greece (2007)2 0.58
Slovak Republic 0.47
Mexico (2007) 0.38
Chile .
. not available for any reference period
p preliminary
1. 2008 or latest available year.
2. National estimate or projection.
3. Break in series with previous year for which data are available.
4. Excludes most or all capital expenditures.
5. OECD Secretariat estimate or projection based on national sources.
For a brief description of this indicator, including the methodology, please see the Handbook for the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program.
Sources: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2010, Main Science and Technology Indicators, Vol. 2010/1, Table 02;
Statistics Canada, 2010, Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD), and the Provinces: National Estimates 2000 to 2010 and Provincial Estimates 2004 to 2008, Catalogue no.88-221-X, Vol. 3, no. 1, Table 1-1 (for Canada).
Updated April 29, 2011.
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