Quarterly estimates of international migration components, provinces and territories: Interactive dashboard

Additional information

Notes

The data contained in this interactive dashboard comes from the Quarterly Demographic Estimates. These estimates are based on 2021 Census counts adjusted for census net undercoverage and incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements, to which are added data from the demographic growth estimates for the period from May 11, 2021, to the date of the estimate. The data presented cover the period from 1971 to the most recent year.

The components of demographic growth are illustrated based on their contribution to the population size to facilitate their interpretation.

Note that the increase in the number emigrants and returning emigrants since the third quarter of 2016 is due to changes in the methodology and terminology. However, net emigration is consistent and comparable over time.

This dashboard is designed to visualize trends in international migration at the provincial, territorial and Canada levels. To visualize the factors of Canada's demographic growth, the product Quarterly demographic estimates, provinces and territories: Interactive dashboard should be consulted.

Definitions

Emigrant

Emigrant refers to Canadian citizen or immigrant who has left Canada to establish a residence in another country, involving a change in usual place of residence. Emigrant may be either long-term or short-term.

Immigrant

Immigrant refers to a person who is a permanent resident or a landed immigrant. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Persons who are born abroad to a Canadian parent are not immigrants but are included in the returning emigrant component.

International migration

International migration represents movement of population between Canada and a foreign country which involves a change in the usual place of residence. A distinction is made with regard to immigrants, emigrants, returning emigrants and net non-permanent residents.

Net emigration

Net emigration represents the result of the following formula: Emigrants - Returning emigrants. For estimates from 1991 to June 2016, net emigration represents the result of the following formula: Emigrants + Net temporary emigration - Returning emigrants.

Net international migration

Net international migration represents the result of the following formula: Immigrants + Net non-permanent residents – Net emigration.

Net non-permanent residents

Net non-permanent residents represents the variation in the number of non-permanent residents between two dates. It is calculated by taking the difference between the inflows and outflows of non-permanent residents between two dates for a given region.

Net temporary emigration

Net temporary emigration represents the variation in the number of temporary emigrants between two dates for demographic estimates from 1991 to June 2016. Temporary emigration includes Canadian citizens and immigrants living temporarily abroad who have not maintained a usual place of residence in Canada. From July 2016, net temporary emigration is distributed among emigrants and returning emigrants.

Non-permanent resident

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country with a usual place of residence in Canada and who has a work or study permit or who has claimed refugee status (asylum claimants, protected persons and related groups). Family members living with work or study permit holders are also included unless these family members are already Canadian citizens, landed immigrants (permanent residents), or non-permanent residents themselves.

Non-permanent residents, inflows

Non-permanent residents, inflow refers to the number of people claiming asylum or entering as work or study permit holders in Canada. This number also includes the family members living with permit holders who are not Canadian citizens, landed immigrants (permanent residents) or non-permanent residents themselves.

Non-permanent residents, outflows

Non-permanent residents, outflow refers to the number of work and study permit holders leaving Canada, along with their family members who are not Canadian citizens, landed immigrants (permanent residents) or non-permanent residents themselves. This also includes permit holders and asylum claimants, protected persons and related groups staying in Canada who have been granted permanent resident status. In this case, these persons will be added to the immigrant component. Asylum claimants and related groups who have been deported are also counted as outflows.

Provincial and territorial distribution

Provincial and territorial distribution refers to the ratio of the estimated number of events for a quarter in a province or territory to the estimated number of events in Canada. In this dashboard, proportions are expressed as percentages.

Quarter

Quarter refers to a period of three consecutive months. The year is thus divided into four quarters: first quarter (January to March), second quarter (April to June), third quarter (July to September), and fourth quarter (October to December).

Rate

Rate refers to the ratio of the number of events estimated in a quarter to the average populations at the beginning and the end of the period. In this regard, immigration, emigration rates, etc. are calculated. In this dashboard, rates are expressed as percentages.

Reference period

Reference period refers to the selected quarter.

Returning emigrant

Returning emigrant refers to a Canadian citizen or immigrant who has previously emigrated from Canada and subsequently returned to the country. Returning emigrant may be either long-term or short-term.