Multiple jobholding, by class of worker

Over two in five multiple jobholders are self-employed in at least one job

• The majority of moonlighters are employees in both jobs (57% in 2003). One in 10 is self-employed in a business, farm or professional practice in both their main and secondary jobs. Another 25% work as employees in their main job but are self-employed in their other job, while the reverse is the case for the remaining 8%. People are drawn to moonlighting for a number of financial and non-financial reasons, ranging from the need or desire to supplement regular income, to the enjoyment derived from a second job.
• The moonlighting rate varies according to the industry sector of a worker's main job. While 5% of the total employed were multiple jobholders in 2003, the proportion was higher in many services-producing industries; for example, 8% of workers in the health care and social assistance sector were moonlighting, as were 7% of workers in the information, culture and recreation sector, as well as in education services.
• Within the goods-producing industries, the moonlighting rate was below average, at about 3% in most sectors. A notable exception was found among those employed in agriculture, where 7% of workers were multiple jobholders.

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