Environmental Thematic Maps and Graphics:
Fall sea surface salinity departures (2005 to 2017) from the climate normal reference period, by depth class and marine ecoregion

The title of this map is “Fall sea surface salinity departures (2005 to 2017) from the climate normal reference period, by depth class and marine ecoregion.” This map provides a visual representation of the average fall surface salinity change of Canada’s oceans in the fall season.

On the page, there are three maps and two legends to the upper left and right. The first map (top) displays all of Canada, the second map (left) displays the West Coast, and the third map (right) displays the East Coast. On the maps there are small numbers corresponding to marine ecoregions.

The maps show the change in salinity with shades of green, yellow, orange and red. The first legend (left) lists the map labels and corresponding marine ecoregions. On the second legend (right) salinity is measured using the Practical Salinity Scale (PSS). The legend contains eight categories: ≥1 (forest green), 0.5 to < 1 (deep green), 0.1 to < 0.5 (sage green), 0 to < 0.1 (light green), -0.1 to <0 (yellow), -0.5 to < -0.1 (pale orange), -1 to < -0.5 (orange), < -1 (red). The legend contains three boundary categories: fine dashed lines indicate provincial boundaries, fine black lines indicate marine ecoregion boundaries and fine grey lines indicate marine depth classes.

The maps show that compared to the 1981 to 2010 climate normal reference period, the 2005 to 2017 average fall sea surface salinity decreased in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and most areas off the West Coast and increased in the Western Arctic, most of the Northern Shelf, offshore Labrador waters and southern Scotian Shelf.

Notes: The climate normal is the three-decade average of climatological variables from 1981 to 2010. Fall data are from October to December. Data are reported using the unitless Practical Salinity Scale (PSS), for more information please see http://salinometry.com/pss-78/ . Data for salinity in the Arctic Ocean are sparser than in other regions.

Sources:
Zweng, M. M., et al., 2018. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 2: Salinity. A. Mishonov Technical Ed., NOAA Atlas NESDIS 82, 50 pp., https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/SELECT/woaselect/woaselect.html (accessed May 31st 2020).