Environmental Thematic Maps and Graphics:
Temperature change, annual and all seasons, by ecoprovince, 1948 to 2016

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Map: Temperature change, annual and all seasons, by ecoprovince, 1948 to 2016

Description for Map

The title of this map is “Temperature change, annual and all seasons, by ecoprovince, 1948 to 2016.” This map provides a visual representation of the average change in annual and seasonal temperature in Canada, by ecoprovince, over the time period from 1948 to 2016.

On the page, there are five maps and a legend to the upper right. The first map (top left) displays annual temperature change, the second map (middle left) displays spring, the third map (middle right) displays summer, the fourth map (bottom left) displays fall and the fifth map (bottom right) displays winter. On each map, dashed black lines show provincial boundaries and fine solid black lines show ecoprovince boundaries.

The map indicates the change in temperature over time symbolized by a colour gradient from yellow to red to black. Less change is indicated by shades of yellow and orange, and more change is indicated by shades of red to black.

The unit of measurement is degrees Celsius (°C). The legend contains seven categories of temperature change: 0 to less than 1 (yellow), 1 to less than 2 (light orange), 2 to less than 3 (orange), 3 to less than 4 (red-orange), 4 to less than 5 (crimson red), 5 to less than 6 (burgundy) and 6 to less than 7 (black).

The maps show that temperature has increased between 1948 and 2016 in all seasons and in all regions of Canada. The annual map shows that the area of Canada that has experienced the greatest temperature increase between 1948 and 2016 is the northwest. The seasonal maps illustrate that the areas of Canada that have experienced the greatest temperature increase in the spring are northwestern Canada and the southern Prairies, while in the summer it is northcentral Canada. The area of Canada that has experienced the most change in the fall is the northern Arctic, while in the winter it is northwestern Canada. The most seasonal change has been experienced in the winter.

Notes: Temperature change (1948 to 2016) refers to the linear trend of temperature departures from the 1961 to 1990 climate normal. Caution should be exercised when analyzing change results in the North because of lower climate station densities. Significance levels are not available. Winter data are from December to February with other seasons following sequentially.

Sources:
Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Canadian Gridded Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies (CANGRD), https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/3d4b68a5-13bc-48bb-ad10-801128aa6604#wb-auto-6 (accessed May 15, 2020);
ECCC, Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin, https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/science-research-data/climate-trends-variability/trends-variations.html (accessed May 15, 2020).


Legend
Temperature change, 1948 to 2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Temperature change. The information is grouped by Colour (appearing as row headers), Temperature change (°C) (appearing as column headers).
Colour Temperature change (°C)
Black 6 to less than 7
Burgundy 5 to less than 6
Crimson red 4 to less than 5
Red-orange 3 to less than 4
Orange 2 to less than 3
Light orange 1 to less than 2
Yellow 0 to less than 1
Shape Boundary
Dashed line Province/territory
Black outline Ecoprovince

Data
Temperature change, annual and all seasons, 1948 to 2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Temperature change. The information is grouped by Code (appearing as row headers), Ecoprovince, Annual, Winter, Spring, Summer and Fall, calculated using °C units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Code Ecoprovince Annual Winter Spring Summer Fall
°C
1.1 Northern Arctic Cordillera 2.2 2.7 1.7 1.2 3.2
1.2 Southern Arctic Cordillera 1.6 2.2 0.8 1.2 2.1
2.1 Sverdrup Islands 2.4 3.1 2.1 1.0 3.4
2.2 Ellesmere Basin 2.1 2.7 1.6 1.1 3.3
2.3 Victoria Lowlands 2.6 4.1 2.3 1.4 2.9
2.4 Parry Channel Plateau 2.1 2.7 2.0 1.4 2.9
2.5 Boothia–Foxe Shield 1.9 2.8 1.1 1.6 2.4
2.6 Baffin Uplands 1.7 2.4 0.9 1.2 2.0
2.7 Foxe–Boothia Lowlands 1.8 2.7 1.0 1.3 2.3
3.1 Amundsen Lowlands 3.0 5.0 2.6 2.1 2.2
3.2 Keewatin Lowlands 2.3 3.9 1.6 2.2 2.1
3.3 Ungava–Belcher 1.4 1.7 0.0 1.9 1.8
4.1 Mackenzie Foothills 2.8 5.7 2.9 1.4 1.5
4.2 Great Bear Lowlands 3.0 5.4 2.9 1.7 1.9
4.3 Hay–Slave Lowlands 2.6 5.3 2.6 1.6 1.1
5.1 Western Taiga Shield 2.2 4.0 1.9 2.1 1.5
5.2 Eastern Taiga 1.3 1.5 0.6 1.8 1.8
5.3 Labrador Uplands 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.2 1.6
5.4 Whale River Lowland 1.2 1.4 0.3 1.4 2.0
6.1 Western Boreal Shield 1.7 3.2 1.6 1.6 1.0
6.2 Mid-Boreal Shield 1.3 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.0
6.3 Eastern Boreal Shield 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.2 1.2
6.4 Newfoundland 0.7 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.0
6.5 Lake of the Woods 1.7 2.7 1.7 0.9 0.7
6.6 Southern Boreal Shield 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8
7.1 Appalachian–Acadian Highlands 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.1 1.0
7.2 Northumberland Lowlands 0.9 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.1
7.3 Fundy Uplands 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.1
8.1 Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 0.9
8.2 Huron–Erie Plains 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.7
9.1 Boreal Foothills 2.0 4.5 2.0 1.3 0.2
9.2 Central Boreal Plains 2.3 4.5 2.1 1.5 0.7
9.3 Eastern Boreal Plains 2.0 3.6 2.0 1.2 0.8
10.1 Eastern Prairies 1.7 3.1 2.1 0.8 0.5
10.2 Parkland Prairies 1.9 3.7 2.2 1.0 0.5
10.3 Central Grassland 1.9 3.8 2.3 0.8 0.5
11.1 Northern Yukon Mountains 3.2 5.2 3.3 1.8 2.4
11.2 Old Crow–Eagle Plains 3.2 5.2 3.3 1.8 2.3
11.3 Ogilvie Mountains 3.3 6.4 3.3 1.8 1.8
11.4 Mackenzie–Selwyn Mountains 2.8 6.1 2.7 1.5 1.3
12.1 Wrangel Mountains 2.5 5.7 2.4 1.4 1.1
12.2 Northern Boreal Cordillera 2.5 6.1 2.3 1.2 0.7
12.3 Southern Boreal Cordillera 2.1 5.1 1.8 1.1 0.5
12.4 Western Boreal Cordillera 3.0 6.7 3.0 1.6 1.1
13.1 Georgia Depression 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 0.8
13.2 Southern Coastal Mountains 1.7 2.4 1.5 1.5 0.8
13.3 Northern Coastal Mountains 2.1 4.5 2.0 1.3 0.8
14.1 Northern Montane Cordillera 2.1 4.3 1.7 1.4 0.5
14.2 Central Montane Cordillera 1.9 3.2 1.5 1.5 0.4
14.3 Southern Montane Cordillera 2.0 2.6 1.9 1.9 0.7
14.4 Columbia Montane Cordillera 1.7 3.0 1.7 1.4 0.4
15.1 Hudson Bay Coastal Plains 1.4 2.5 1.6 1.6 1.1
15.2 Hudson–James Lowlands 1.2 2.0 1.4 1.3 0.9
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