September 2024
Spotlight on data and research
Workforce utilization of Canadian men with a nursing education
In 2021, three-fifths (58%) of Canadian men aged 25 to 64 years with a nursing education were being fully utilized in the workforce as they had occupations for which they were trained, according to this article. The other two-fifths (42%) had jobs that underutilized their nursing education or were not employed. This includes registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and other nursing occupations that require a license to practice in Canada
One-third (33%) of foreign-educated immigrant men with a nursing education were fully utilized in the workforce, far lower than observed for Canadian-born men (66%) and Canadian-educated immigrant men (71%).
Among foreign-educated immigrants with a nursing education, a lower percentage of men from the South Asian (36%), Black (38%) and Filipino (28%) population groups were fully utilized workers than men from the White population group (49%). The difference between the Black and White population groups was attributable to variation in educational attainment, the world region of education, mother tongue and knowledge of English or French, age at immigration, and place of settlement. Among Canadian-born men and Canadian-educated immigrant men, no racialized population group had a lower rate of skill utilization than those from the White population group.
Exposure to artificial intelligence in Canadian jobs: Experimental estimates
Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have raised questions about the future of work. This article found that, currently 60% of workers in Canada have jobs that might be highly exposed to AI, almost half of which whose tasks could eventually be replaced by AI in the future. This compares with 40% of workers who are employed in jobs that might not be highly exposed to AI. The study applied a method developed by the International Monetary Fund to Canadian data.
Unlike previous technological transformations such as automation (which primarily affected lower educated workers), AI is more likely to affect highly educated workers given AI’s growing capability to perform complex, non-routine and cognitive tasks. On average, 83% to 90% of workers with a bachelor’s degree or higher hold jobs that could be highly exposed to AI compared with 38% of workers with a high school diploma or less and 27% of workers with an apprenticeship or trades certificate. However, highly educated workers are also more likely to benefit from AI compared to their less educated counterparts.
Most prevalent jobs of doctoral degree graduates by detailed field of study
Doctoral programs are often designed to train graduates for academic jobs, and this was reflected in this article, which examined the issue with 2021 data. Among the 56 disciplines for men, 36 of the most prevalent jobs and 15 of the second most prevalent jobs were university professors and lecturers. Among the 56 disciplines for women, the results were almost identical: 35 of the most prevalent jobs and 15 of the second most prevalent jobs were university professors and lecturers.
Among the disciplines most highly linked to university professors and lecturers, female doctoral graduates were generally less likely than their male counterparts to be employed as university professors and lecturers. For example, the five disciplines most highly linked to university professors and lecturers among women were business administration and management, general (68.7%); registered nursing/registered nurse (61.0%); social work, general (56.6%); mathematics, general (56.2%); and exercise science and kinesiology (52.7%). In contrast, the five disciplines most highly linked to university professors and lecturers among men were business/commerce, general (74.2%); finance, general (69.2%); exercise science and kinesiology (69.0%); business administration and management, general (68.7%); and communication, general (66.4%).
Research articles
The provision of higher- and lower-skilled immigrant labour to the Canadian economy
It is commonly perceived that that our immigration system mostly provides highly skilled workers into the Canadian labour market. However, this study finds that immigrants provide roughly the same amount of higher-skilled labour as it does lower-skilled labour. Around 35% of immigrants who landed in Canada in 2018 or 2019, worked in lower-skilled jobs in 2021, compared with around 40% who were employed in higher-skilled jobs.
Compared with Canadian-born individuals, immigrants were two to five times more likely to be working in engineering, computer and information systems professions. However, immigrants (3%) were less likely than Canadian-born individuals (6%) to be employed in the industrial, electrical and construction trades or in professional nursing—two occupations with perceived labour challenges. This could be due to the time it may take to become a registered nurse, as immigrants were twice as likely to be nurse aids, orderlies or patient service associates.
Performance of women-owned businesses that patent
On average, firms that patent have higher survival rates and higher revenue growth rates than those that do not patent. This study finds that there are differences in performance between women-owned and men-owned businesses following a patent. While survival rates and employment growth rates are similar five years after filing a patent, the revenue growth rate of women-owned businesses is 3.1 percentage points less than that of men-owned businesses that patented. Moreover, women-owned businesses that patent are smaller and less likely to perform research and development, but more likely to be profitable than men-owned businesses.
Related publications
Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series
- Date modified: