Table 6-3
Operation and maintenance costs of drinking water plants — Per potable water volume, by treatment category

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Operation and maintenance costs of drinking water plants — Per potable water volume, by treatment category
  Materials 1 Labour 2 Energy Other 3 Total
  dollars per thousand cubic metres
Treatment category 4  
All categories 41.8 A 66.3 A 39.3 A 25.4 A 172.8 A
Conventional treatment 55.7 A 77.7 A 46.8 A 22.7 A 202.9 A
Direct filtration 24.9 A 45.3 A 23.6 A 10.0 A 103.9 A
Granular media filtration 13.0 A 33.4 A 25.0 A 10.3 A 81.7 A
Cartridge or bag filter 141.4 A 583.1 C 133.5 A 78.4 B 936.3 B
Slow sand filtration 61.9 B 113.1 B 53.1 A 52.9 B 280.9 A
Granular media filtration with other filtration 78.4 B 139.7 B 91.6 C 50.1 C 359.9 B
Membrane filtration 93.4 A 143.0 A 96.5 A 59.4 A 392.3 A
Membrane filtration with other filtration 6.1 B 11.8 A 4.6 B 51.3 A 73.8 A
Disinfection only 31.6 A 78.3 A 38.9 A 41.8 B 190.7 A
Disinfection and other (unfiltered systems) 45.3 A 62.6 A 33.4 A 37.8 A 179.1 A
No treatment 18.7 B 67.2 A 53.9 A 35.6 B 175.4 A
No disinfection with other treatment 64.6 B 71.8 B 67.3 A 23.7 B 227.4 B
1.
Includes chemicals and replacement parts.
2.
Includes internal and external staff including laboratory personnel.
3.
Includes costs such as waste disposal and residuals handling, analytical/sampling costs, any associated administration and service costs directly related to operation and maintenance (consultants and contractors) and costs related to waste treatment processes (that is, backwash processing and residuals disposal).
4.
Plants were assigned to a category based on the reported treatment processes in section 3 of the questionnaire. Refer to Appendix I for the main processes applied in each treatment category.
Note(s):
Cost per unit volume will vary within each category due to various sizes and configurations of plants. Includes costs related to the acquisition and treatment, but not the distribution, of water. Figures may not add up to totals due to rounding.
Source(s):
Statistics Canada, 2013, Environment Accounts and Statistics Division, Survey of Drinking Water Plants (survey number 5149).
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