Table 2.6
Average annual, average annual maximum and minimum monthly and variability of temperature and precipitation by ecoprovince, 1979 to 2016


Table 2.6
Average annual, average annual maximum and minimum monthly and variability of temperature and precipitation by ecoprovince, 1979 to 2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Average annual. The information is grouped by Ecoprovince (appearing as row headers), Code, Average annual temperature, Average maximum monthly temperature, Average minimum monthly temperature, Temperature variability, Average annual precipitation, Average maximum monthly precipitation, Average minimum monthly precipitation and Precipitation variability, calculated using °C, CV, mm and km units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Ecoprovince Code Average annual temperature Average maximum monthly temperature Average minimum monthly temperature Temperature variability Average annual precipitation Average maximum monthly precipitation Average minimum monthly precipitation Precipitation variability
°C °C °C CV mm km3 km3 CV
Canada Note ...: not applicable -4.3 13.0 -23.1 5.70 545.8 25.4 4.8 0.58
Northern Arctic Cordillera 1.1 -21.3 0.7 -38.7 0.66 207.3 4.3 0.8 0.55
Southern Arctic Cordillera 1.2 -12.5 4.0 -29.4 0.93 402.6 7.1 1.8 0.41
Sverdrup Islands 2.1 -18.1 3.3 -35.9 0.78 78.5 1.3 0.1 0.96
Ellesmere Basin 2.2 -19.7 2.8 -37.7 0.74 142.3 3.8 0.5 0.66
Victoria Lowlands 2.3 -14.9 5.8 -33.1 0.94 115.3 10.6 0.9 0.83
Parry Channel Plateau 2.4 -15.9 5.2 -34.4 0.88 173.7 5.1 0.4 0.82
Boothia–Foxe Shield 2.5 -12.3 7.5 -31.8 1.10 271.3 26.1 3.2 0.61
Baffin Uplands 2.6 -12.8 5.1 -30.7 0.97 307.6 7.3 0.9 0.64
Foxe–Boothia Lowlands 2.7 -11.9 7.3 -30.8 1.11 233.3 3.7 0.3 0.74
Amundsen Lowlands 3.1 -10.4 10.0 -29.6 1.36 200.1 11.6 1.5 0.68
Keewatin Lowlands 3.2 -11.6 10.3 -32.2 1.30 244.4 17.9 1.8 0.68
Ungava–Belcher 3.3 -7.2 9.1 -26.2 1.70 489.7 12.8 1.9 0.55
Mackenzie Foothills 4.1 -5.9 13.9 -26.8 2.45 351.0 5.6 0.8 0.67
Great Bear Lowlands 4.2 -6.6 14.4 -28.0 2.30 268.3 15.9 2.5 0.60
Hay–Slave Lowlands 4.3 -1.7 16.0 -22.4 7.84 399.2 18.3 2.1 0.72
Western Taiga Shield 5.1 -6.7 14.1 -28.1 2.22 345.7 36.4 5.8 0.58
Eastern Taiga 5.2 -4.3 12.7 -24.4 2.98 718.6 44.7 7.8 0.51
Labrador Uplands 5.3 -3.3 12.4 -21.0 3.51 906.4 29.6 8.8 0.34
Whale River Lowland 5.4 -5.4 11.5 -24.7 2.32 671.7 11.7 2.3 0.48
Western Boreal Shield 6.1 -1.7 16.9 -23.3 8.06 537.6 47.3 7.3 0.57
Mid-Boreal Shield 6.2 0.5 17.1 -19.7 24.49 794.7 56.9 13.3 0.43
Eastern Boreal Shield 6.3 -0.6 14.7 -18.4 19.27 1,029.9 46.6 14.8 0.33
Newfoundland 6.4 3.7 15.8 -8.6 2.21 1,339.1 18.4 7.1 0.29
Lake of the Woods 6.5 2.4 18.7 -17.8 5.13 700.7 9.1 1.1 0.63
Southern Boreal Shield 6.6 3.2 18.2 -15.2 3.57 998.8 42.6 14.0 0.32
Appalachian–Acadian Highlands 7.1 3.1 17.7 -13.4 3.38 1,160.7 14.9 4.3 0.35
Northumberland Lowlands 7.2 5.1 19.0 -10.0 1.91 1,204.8 5.7 1.7 0.36
Fundy Uplands 7.3 6.0 18.5 -7.3 1.45 1,382.1 13.4 4.1 0.35
Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands 8.1 6.0 20.0 -10.5 1.72 1,038.8 12.2 4.1 0.32
Huron–Erie Plains 8.2 8.4 21.5 -6.4 1.13 937.8 3.4 0.9 0.37
Boreal Foothills 9.1 1.2 14.4 -15.3 8.24 533.0 13.4 1.4 0.71
Central Boreal Plains 9.2 0.7 16.7 -19.1 17.85 446.4 41.0 5.2 0.68
Eastern Boreal Plains 9.3 0.9 18.4 -20.4 14.13 509.5 12.8 1.4 0.69
Eastern Prairies 10.1 2.8 19.7 -18.2 4.61 535.5 3.6 0.3 0.72
Parkland Prairies 10.2 2.5 18.0 -16.9 4.80 457.0 17.2 1.7 0.72
Central Grassland 10.3 3.9 18.9 -14.4 2.83 373.3 20.5 1.9 0.75
Northern Yukon Mountains 11.1 -10.8 9.3 -29.1 1.28 161.1 1.1 0.1 0.97
Old Crow–Eagle Plains 11.2 -9.4 9.8 -27.4 1.42 144.6 0.8 0.0 1.10
Ogilvie Mountains 11.3 -8.3 11.0 -28.1 1.67 166.2 2.6 0.1 1.12
Mackenzie–Selwyn Mountains 11.4 -8.0 10.6 -27.6 1.67 309.5 10.3 1.1 0.77
Wrangel Mountains 12.1 -5.2 7.8 -20.0 1.83 640.0 1.6 0.3 0.44
Northern Boreal Cordillera 12.2 -3.8 12.5 -23.7 3.26 314.2 14.2 1.6 0.67
Southern Boreal Cordillera 12.3 -2.1 10.6 -17.7 4.45 512.8 13.5 2.2 0.50
Western Boreal Cordillera 12.4 -5.2 12.2 -25.7 2.53 217.1 2.2 0.1 1.04
Georgia Depression 13.1 8.4 16.5 0.7 0.64 2,036.5 7.4 0.6 0.68
Southern Coastal Mountains 13.2 5.0 13.3 -3.6 1.12 1,947.0 50.1 8.7 0.52
Northern Coastal Mountains 13.3 0.7 10.5 -10.9 10.31 1,089.9 4.0 0.9 0.45
Northern Montane Cordillera 14.1 1.1 12.8 -13.5 8.18 618.1 12.8 2.8 0.44
Central Montane Cordillera 14.2 2.7 13.5 -10.3 2.88 622.9 9.6 2.3 0.42
Southern Montane Cordillera 14.3 3.7 15.0 -8.1 2.05 675.1 6.1 1.1 0.47
Columbia Montane Cordillera 14.4 1.0 12.5 -11.6 8.06 964.6 25.6 6.0 0.42
Hudson Bay Coastal Plains 15.1 -4.4 14.4 -25.4 3.12 502.2 5.5 0.8 0.62
Hudson–James Lowlands 15.2 -1.7 16.0 -22.6 7.91 629.2 31.4 5.9 0.52
... not applicable
Notes: Variability is measured by using a coefficient of variation (CV) that allows the comparison of all months in all years of the 38-year time period. The CV of the data is a measure of the dispersion or variation in the monthly values over the period 1979 to 2016. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation of the monthly values to the mean. A higher CV indicates that the monthly data are more variable. The CV calculated for temperature is based on absolute degrees using kelvin (K). To convert precipitation measured in depth in mm to a volume per area in m3/m2, divide by 1000.
Sources: Wang, S., Y. Yang, Y. Luo and A. Rivera, 2013, “Spatial and seasonal variations in evapotranspiration over Canada’s landmass,” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 3561-3575, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3561-2013 (accessed December 1, 2020); Wang, S., et al., 2014, “A national-scale assessment of long-term water budget closures for Canada’s watersheds,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, pp. 8712–8725, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021951 (accessed February 1, 2021).
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