Table 8
Coefficients from life satisfaction ordinary least squares regressions
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| General Social Survey | Canadian Community Health Survey | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 2005 | 2006 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
| coefficient | ||||||||||
| Sex (reference: men) | ||||||||||
| Women | 0.16*** | 0.10*** | 0.10*** | 0.08** | 0.07* | 0.00 | 0.15*** | 0.11*** | 0.09*** | 0.09*** |
| Age (reference: age 40 to 49) | ||||||||||
| Age 15 to 19 | 0.61*** | 0.61*** | 0.69*** | 0.40*** | 0.44*** | 0.44*** | 0.79*** | 0.50*** | 0.50*** | 0.42*** |
| Age 20 to 29 | 0.37*** | 0.29*** | 0.24*** | 0.19** | 0.24*** | 0.40*** | 0.34*** | 0.29*** | 0.31*** | 0.24*** |
| Age 30 to 39 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.15*** | 0.12** |
| Age 50 to 59 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.17*** | 0.07 | 0.10* | 0.09 | 0.09* | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Age 60 to 69 | 0.38*** | 0.38*** | 0.49*** | 0.41*** | 0.34*** | 0.51*** | 0.45*** | 0.36*** | 0.33*** | 0.30*** |
| Age 70 or older | 0.45*** | 0.63*** | 0.66*** | 0.70*** | 0.64*** | 0.88*** | 0.87*** | 0.55*** | 0.50*** | 0.56*** |
| Marital status (reference: married) | ||||||||||
| Common-law | -0.14** | -0.13** | -0.19*** | -0.18*** | -0.18*** | -0.18** | -0.21*** | -0.14*** | -0.10** | -0.10** |
| Widowed | -0.41*** | -0.38*** | -0.50*** | -0.34*** | -0.45*** | -0.33*** | -0.32*** | -0.42*** | -0.34*** | -0.36*** |
| Separated/Divorced | -0.60*** | -0.58*** | -0.58*** | -0.68*** | -0.54*** | -0.71*** | -0.83*** | -0.56*** | -0.51*** | -0.52*** |
| Never married | -0.35*** | -0.37*** | -0.53** | -0.60*** | -0.55*** | -0.40*** | -0.59*** | -0.38*** | -0.40*** | -0.32*** |
| Number of children | 0.03 | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.07** | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Education (reference: university degree) | ||||||||||
| Certificate/diploma | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.07* | -0.02 | 0.05 | -0.04 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.10** |
| Some post-secondary | 0.12** | 0.06 | 0.16*** | 0.03 | 0.14** | 0.08 | -0.01 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.09* |
| High school | 0.18*** | 0.03 | 0.13** | 0.15** | 0.20*** | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.14** |
| Less than high school | 0.19 | -0.03 | -0.07 | -0.17 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.08 | 0.15* |
| Immigration (reference: Canadian-born) | ||||||||||
| Adult immigrant | -0.19*** | -0.23*** | -0.10* | -0.12* | -0.01 | -0.09 | -0.15** | -0.14** | -0.14*** | -0.14** |
| Childhood immigrant | -0.08 | -0.19** | -0.09 | -0.05 | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.05 | 0.05 | -0.03 | -0.10 |
| Labour force activity (reference: paid worker) | ||||||||||
| Self-employed worker | 0.01 | 0.10* | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
| Unemployed | -0.51*** | -0.26*** | -0.16* | -0.48*** | -0.44*** | -0.47*** | -0.29*** | -0.36*** | -0.35*** | -0.25** |
| Not in labour force | 0.03 | 0.09* | 0.04 | -0.03 | 0.04 | 0.12* | 0.04 | -0.08* | 0.03 | 0.00 |
| Household income (reference: $60,000 to $99,999) | ||||||||||
| $0 to $29,999 | -0.27*** | -0.27*** | -0.28*** | -0.23*** | -0.24*** | -0.17* | -0.54*** | -0.25*** | -0.28*** | -0.25*** |
| $30,000 to $59,999 | -0.04 | -0.08* | -0.11** | -0.05 | -0.17*** | -0.10 | -0.19*** | -0.05 | -0.14*** | -0.13*** |
| $100,000 or more | 0.12*** | 0.12** | 0.14*** | 0.11** | 0.02 | 0.18*** | 0.16*** | 0.14*** | 0.09** | 0.09** |
| Not reported | -0.04 | 0.00 | -0.09* | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.05 | -0.06 | .. |
| Household size | -0.07 | -0.02 | -0.02 | 0.04 | -0.03 | -0.01 | -0.16** | -0.06 | -0.05 | 0.00 |
| Homeowner (reference: renter) | 0.11*** | 0.08* | 0.06 | 0.13** | 0.11** | 0.13** | 0.20*** | 0.13*** | 0.08** | 0.13*** |
| Self-reported health (reference: very good) | ||||||||||
| Poor | -2.53*** | -2.22*** | -2.51*** | -2.31*** | -1.87*** | -2.35*** | -1.75*** | -2.55*** | -2.91*** | -2.72*** |
| Fair | -1.25*** | -1.09*** | -1.26*** | -1.18*** | -1.05*** | -1.04*** | -1.01*** | -1.39*** | -1.39*** | -1.39*** |
| Good | -0.50*** | -0.48*** | -0.47*** | -0.54*** | -0.42*** | -0.46*** | -0.49*** | -0.52*** | -0.57*** | -0.61*** |
| Excellent | 0.44*** | 0.46*** | 0.47*** | 0.44*** | 0.45*** | 0.38*** | 0.38*** | 0.51*** | 0.45*** | 0.48*** |
| Urban area (reference: Toronto) | ||||||||||
| Montréal | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.19** | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | -0.05 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| Vancouver | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.06 | -0.05 | 0.08 | -0.01 |
| Other census metropolitan area | 0.10* | 0.12* | 0.21*** | 0.08 | 0.11* | 0.16** | 0.12* | 0.04 | 0.12** | 0.13** |
| Other urban area | 0.20*** | 0.17** | 0.27*** | 0.17** | 0.26*** | 0.29*** | 0.14* | 0.12* | 0.21*** | 0.20*** |
| Rural area | 0.26*** | 0.20*** | 0.36*** | 0.22*** | 0.30*** | 0.28*** | 0.22*** | 0.17*** | 0.27*** | 0.23*** |
| Geographic region (reference: Ontario) | ||||||||||
| Atlantic Region | 0.15*** | 0.21*** | 0.13*** | 0.09** | 0.16*** | 0.07 | 0.10* | 0.20*** | 0.12** | 0.20*** |
| Quebec | 0.09* | 0.22*** | 0.11** | 0.16** | 0.16** | 0.23*** | 0.07 | 0.20*** | 0.16*** | 0.15*** |
| Prairie Provinces | -0.06 | -0.03 | -0.04 | -0.10* | -0.02 | -0.10 | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.04 | -0.03 |
| British Columbia | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.05 | -0.04 | -0.10 | -0.08 | 0.05 | 0.02 | -0.04 | 0.06 |
| Constant | 7.85*** | 7.69*** | 7.86*** | 7.93*** | 8.20*** | 7.47*** | 8.25*** | 8.05*** | 8.06*** | 7.89*** |
| R-squared | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
p<0.05
p<0.01
p<0.001
Source(s):
Statistics Canada, General Social Survey 2003, 2005, 2006, and 2008 to 2011, and Canadian Community Health Survey 2009 to 2011.
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