References

Warning View the most recent version.

Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please "contact us" to request a format other than those available.

Albrecht, James W., Per-Anders Edin, Marianne Sundström and Susan B. Vroman. 1999. "Career interruptions and subsequent Earnings: A re-examination using Swedish data." Journal of Human Resources. 34, 2: 294–311.

Anderson, Deborah J., Melissa Binder and Kate Krause. 2002. "Women, children, and the labor market: The motherhood wage penalty: Which mothers pay it and why?" American Economic Review. 92, 2: 354–358.

Anderson, Deborah J., Melissa Binder and Kate Krause. 2003. "The motherhood wage penalty revisited: Experience, heterogeneity, work effort, and work-schedule flexibility." Industrial & Labor Relations Review. 56, 2: 273–294.

Baker, Michael, and Kevin Milligan. 2005. How Does Job-protected Maternity Leave Affect Mothers' Employment and Infant Health? NBER Working Paper no. 11135. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.

Becker, Gary S. 1991. A Treatise on the Family. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Belzil, Christian, and Philip Hergel. 1999. "Fertility and the human capital loss of non- participation." Oxford Bulletin of Economics & Statistics. 61, 2: 153–166.

Browning, Martin. 1992. "Children and household economic behaviour." Journal of Economic Literature. 30, 3: 1434–1475.

Budig, Michelle J., and Paula England. 2001. "The wage penalty for motherhood." American Sociological Review. 66, 2: 204–225.

Corcoran, Mary. 1979. "Work experience, labour force withdrawals, and women's wages: Empirical results using the 1976 panel study of income dynamics." In Women in the Labour Market. Cynthia Lloyd, Emily Andrews and Curtis Gilroy (eds.). New York: Columbia University Press.

Drolet, Marie. 2002. Wives, Mothers and Wages: Does Timing Matter? Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. Catalogue no. 11F0019MIE2002186. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Edin, P.A., and J. Nynabb. 1992. Gender Wage Differentials and Interrupted Work Careers: Swedish Evidence. Working Paper no. 1992-17. Department of Economics. Uppsala, Sweden: Uppsala University.

Ejrnaes, Mette, and Astrid Kunze. 2004. Wage Dips and Drops Around the First Birth. CAM Working Paper 2004-01. Department of Economics. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen.

Gronau, Reuben. 1988. "Sex-related wage differentials and women's interrupted labor careers—the chicken or the egg." Journal of Labor Economics. 6, 3: 277–301.

Gupta, Nabanita Datta, and Nina Smith. 2002. "Children and career interruptions: The family gap in Denmark." Economica. 69, 276: 609–629.

Hanratty, Maria, and Eileen Trzcinski. 2005. Impact of Family Leave in Canada and the United States on Post-birth Employment Dynamics of Women. Paper presented at the 2005 annual conference of the Society of Labor Economists, San Francisco.

Harkness, Susan, and Jane Waldfogel. 1999. The Family Gap in Pay: Evidence from Seven Industrialised Countries. CASE Paper 29. Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion. London: London School of Economics.

Jacobsen, Joyce P., and Lawrence M. Levin. 1995. "Effects of intermittent labor force attachment on women's earnings." Monthly Labor Review. 118, 9: 14–19.

Jacobson, Louis S., Robert J. LaLonde and Daniel G. Sullivan. 1993. "Earnings losses of displaced workers." American Economic Review. 83, 4: 685–709.

Joshi, H., P. Paci and J. Waldfogel. 1999. "The wages of motherhood: Better or worse." Cambridge Journal of Economics. 23, 5: 543–564.

Killingsworth, Mark R., and James J. Heckman. 1986. "Female labor supply: A survey." In Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 1. Orley C. Ashenfelter and Richard Layard (eds.). New York: North-Holland.

Korenman, Sanders, and David Neumark.1992. "Marriage, motherhood, and wages." Journal of Human Resources. 27, 2: 233–255.

Lundberg, Shelley, and Elaina Rose. 2000. "Parenthood and the earnings of married men and women." Labour Economics. 7, 6: 689–710.

Marshall, Katherine. 1999. "Employment after childbirth." Perspectives of Labour and Income. 11, 3: 18–25. Catalogue no. 750-001-XPE. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Mincer, Jacob, and Haim Ofek. 1982. "Interrupted work careers: Depreciation and restoration of human capital." Journal of Human Resources. 17: 3–23.

Morissette, René, Xuelin Zhang and Marc Frenette. 2007. Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers: Canadian Evidence from a Large Administrative Databases on Firm Closures and Mass Layoff s. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. Catalogue no. 11F0019MIE2007291. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Nakamura, Alice, and Masao Nakamura. 1992. "The econometrics of female labor supply and children." Econometric Reviews. 11, 1: 1–71.

Phipps, Shelley, Peter Buirton and Lynn Lethbridge. 2001. "In and out of the labour market: Long- term income consequences of child-related interruptions to women's paid work." Canadian Journal of Economics. 34, 2: 411–429.

Shapiro, David, and Frank L. Mott. 1994. "Long-term employment and earnings of women in relation to employment behaviour surrounding the first birth." Journal of Human Resources. 29, 2: 248–275.

Skuterud, Mikal. 2008. Perinatal Family Labour Supply: Historical Trends and the Modern Experience. Economics Working Paper Series no. 08-001. Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo.

Spivey, Christy. 2005. "Time off at what price? The effects of career interruptions on earnings." Industrial and Labor Relations Review. 59, 1: 119–140.

Statistics Canada. 1995. Births and Deaths, 1995. Health Statistics Division. Catalogue no. 84-210- XIB. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Statistics Canada. 2006. Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada 2003 and 2004. Demography Division. Catalogue no. 91-209-XIE2003000. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Stratton, Leslie S. 1995. "The effect interruptions in work experience have on wages." Southern Economic Journal. 61, 4: 955–970.

ten Cate, Adrienne. 2003. The Impact of Maternity and Parental Leave Policies on Employment Rates of Women with Young Children in Canada. Mimeograph. McMaster University.

Viitanen, Tarja K. 2004. The Impact of Children on Female Earnings in Britain. DIW Discussion Paper no. 415. Berlin: German Institute for Economic Research.

Waldfogel, Jane. 1995. "The price of motherhood: Family status and women's pay in young British cohort." Oxford Economic Papers. 47, 4: 584–610.

Waldfogel, Jane. 1998a. "Understanding the 'family gap' in pay for women with children." Journal of Economic Perspectives. 12, 1: 137–156.

Waldfogel, Jane. 1998b. "The family gap for young women in the United States and Britain: Can maternity leave make a difference?" Journal of Labor Economics. 16, 3: 505–545.

Waldfogel, Jane, and Susan E. Mayer. 2000. "Gender differences in the low-wage labor market." In Finding Jobs: Work and Welfare Reform. David E. Card and Rebecca M. Blank (eds.). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.