Table 5
Odds of mother transmitting her mother tongue to her Canadian-born children less than 18 years of age, 1981 and 2006

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Table 5
Odds of mother transmitting her mother tongue to her Canadian-born children less than 18 years of age, 1981 and 2006
 Table summary
 This table displays the results of Odds of mother transmitting her mother tongue to her Canadian-born children less than 18 years of age. This information is grouped by 1981, 2006, Odds ratio, confidence interval at 99% (lower limit and upper limit) appearing as column headers.
  1981 2006
Odds ratio Confidence interval at 99% Odds ratio Confidence interval at 99%
Lower limit Upper limit Lower limit Upper limit
Child's sex
Female† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Male 0.95* 0.92 0.99 0.93* 0.90 0.97
Child's age
5 years or less† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
6 to 12 years 0.93* 0.88 0.98 0.84* 0.80 0.89
13 to 17 years 1.04 0.97 1.12 0.93 0.86 1.00
Age of mother at census
15 to 24 years 1.28* 1.10 1.48 1.41* 1.15 1.73
25 to 34 years† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
35 to 44 years 1.00 0.92 1.09 0.83* 0.76 0.89
45 years or more 1.10 0.97 1.24 0.76* 0.68 0.85
Highest diploma of mother
No diploma 1.52* 1.33 1.73 1.45* 1.32 1.59
High school diploma or apprenticeship 1.16* 1.01 1.32 1.07 0.99 1.15
College, CEGEP 1.03 0.88 1.21 0.95 0.88 1.03
University† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Mother in a common-law union
No† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Yes 0.85 0.57 1.26 0.86* 0.75 0.99
Preschool children (aged 5 or less) in the family
Each additional preschool child in the family 1.24* 1.18 1.31 1.09* 1.03 1.14
Presence of persons who know neither English nor French in the household
No† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Yes 1.25* 1.11 1.40 1.29* 1.14 1.46
Mixed union on the mother tongue criteria
Both partners have the same mother tongue† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Each partner has a different mother tongue (immigrant language) 0.10* 0.08 0.12 0.13* 0.12 0.15
Each partner has a different mother tongue (English or French) 0.05* 0.05 0.06 0.05* 0.05 0.06
Mother's arrival period in Canada
26 years or more before the census† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Between 16 and 25 years before the census 1.45* 1.30 1.61 1.40* 1.23 1.58
Between 11 and 15 years before the census 1.74* 1.52 1.99 1.68* 1.46 1.94
Between 6 and 10 years before the census 2.10* 1.78 2.48 1.83* 1.56 2.15
5 years or less before the census 2.75* 2.26 3.34 2.38* 1.99 2.83
Age of mother at arrival in Canada
Less than 6 years old 0.92 0.77 1.10 0.67* 0.56 0.81
Between 6 and 12 years old 0.88* 0.77 1.00 0.69* 0.60 0.79
Between 13 and 18 years old 0.95 0.87 1.03 0.95 0.86 1.05
19 years or older† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
Linguistic tradition in mother's country of birth
Neither English nor French† 1.00 ... ... 1.00 ... ...
English (or English and French) 0.78* 0.67 0.91 0.62* 0.57 0.68
French 1.13 0.92 1.38 0.70* 0.63 0.77
Percentage of the population by mother tongue in census division where mother lives
Increase of 1% of population with same mother tongue as mother 1.06* 1.05 1.07 1.01 1.00 1.02
Percentage of recent immigrants (in Canada 10 years or less) in the census division where mother lives
Increase of 1% of recent immigrants in the census division 1.02* 1.01 1.03 1.02* 1.01 1.02
Percentage of officially bilingual people in census division where mother lives
Increase of 1% of bilingual persons in the census division 1.03* 1.02 1.03 1.01* 1.01 1.01
... not applicable
† reference group
* statistically significant difference from the reference group at p <  0.01
Source: Statistics Canada, 1981 and 2006 Censuses of Population.
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