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- Articles and reports: 12-001-X201400214089Description:
This manuscript describes the use of multiple imputation to combine information from multiple surveys of the same underlying population. We use a newly developed method to generate synthetic populations nonparametrically using a finite population Bayesian bootstrap that automatically accounts for complex sample designs. We then analyze each synthetic population with standard complete-data software for simple random samples and obtain valid inference by combining the point and variance estimates using extensions of existing combining rules for synthetic data. We illustrate the approach by combining data from the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).
Release date: 2014-12-19 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X201400214092Description:
Survey methodologists have long studied the effects of interviewers on the variance of survey estimates. Statistical models including random interviewer effects are often fitted in such investigations, and research interest lies in the magnitude of the interviewer variance component. One question that might arise in a methodological investigation is whether or not different groups of interviewers (e.g., those with prior experience on a given survey vs. new hires, or CAPI interviewers vs. CATI interviewers) have significantly different variance components in these models. Significant differences may indicate a need for additional training in particular subgroups, or sub-optimal properties of different modes or interviewing styles for particular survey items (in terms of the overall mean squared error of survey estimates). Survey researchers seeking answers to these types of questions have different statistical tools available to them. This paper aims to provide an overview of alternative frequentist and Bayesian approaches to the comparison of variance components in different groups of survey interviewers, using a hierarchical generalized linear modeling framework that accommodates a variety of different types of survey variables. We first consider the benefits and limitations of each approach, contrasting the methods used for estimation and inference. We next present a simulation study, empirically evaluating the ability of each approach to efficiently estimate differences in variance components. We then apply the two approaches to an analysis of real survey data collected in the U.S. National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). We conclude that the two approaches tend to result in very similar inferences, and we provide suggestions for practice given some of the subtle differences observed.
Release date: 2014-12-19 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X201401114111Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study provides empirical data on the bias introduced into relative survival ratios in Canada by using general population life tables (unadjusted for cancer mortality) to derive expected survival probabilities.
Release date: 2014-11-19 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014262Description:
Measurement error is one source of bias in statistical analysis. However, its possible implications are mostly ignored One class of models that can be especially affected by measurement error are fixed-effects models. By validating the survey response of five panel survey waves for welfare receipt with register data, the size and form of longitudinal measurement error can be determined. It is shown, that the measurement error for welfare receipt is serially correlated and non-differential. However, when estimating the coefficients of longitudinal fixed effect models of welfare receipt on subjective health for men and women, the coefficients are biased only for the male subpopulation.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014268Description:
Information collection is critical for chronic-disease surveillance to measure the scope of diseases, assess the use of services, identify at-risk groups and track the course of diseases and risk factors over time with the goal of planning and implementing public-health programs for disease prevention. It is in this context that the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS) was established. The QICDSS is a database created by linking administrative files covering the period from 1996 to 2013. It is an attractive alternative to survey data, since it covers the entire population, is not affected by recall bias and can track the population over time and space. In this presentation, we describe the relevance of using administrative data as an alternative to survey data, the methods selected to build the population cohort by linking various sources of raw data, and the processing applied to minimize bias. We will also discuss the advantages and limitations associated with the analysis of administrative files.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014282Description:
The IAB-Establishment Panel is the most comprehensive establishment survey in Germany with almost 16.000 firms participating every year. Face-to-face interviews with paper and pencil (PAPI) are conducted since 1993. An ongoing project examines possible effects of a change of the survey to computer aided personal interviews (CAPI) combined with a web based version of the questionnaire (CAWI). In a first step, questions about the internet access, the willingness to complete the questionnaire online and reasons for refusal were included in the 2012 wave. First results are indicating a widespread refusal to take part in a web survey. A closer look reveals that smaller establishments, long time participants and older respondents are reluctant to use the internet.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - 7. Manufacturing: The Year 2013 in Review ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2014093Description:
This article reviews trends in the manufacturing sector in 2013. Manufacturing sales are examined at the industry level, along with other relevant variables. Important drivers, such as price changes are also presented.
Release date: 2014-09-22 - 8. A nonparametric method to generate synthetic populations to adjust for complex sampling design features ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X201400114003Description:
Outside of the survey sampling literature, samples are often assumed to be generated by simple random sampling process that produces independent and identically distributed (IID) samples. Many statistical methods are developed largely in this IID world. Application of these methods to data from complex sample surveys without making allowance for the survey design features can lead to erroneous inferences. Hence, much time and effort have been devoted to develop the statistical methods to analyze complex survey data and account for the sample design. This issue is particularly important when generating synthetic populations using finite population Bayesian inference, as is often done in missing data or disclosure risk settings, or when combining data from multiple surveys. By extending previous work in finite population Bayesian bootstrap literature, we propose a method to generate synthetic populations from a posterior predictive distribution in a fashion inverts the complex sampling design features and generates simple random samples from a superpopulation point of view, making adjustment on the complex data so that they can be analyzed as simple random samples. We consider a simulation study with a stratified, clustered unequal-probability of selection sample design, and use the proposed nonparametric method to generate synthetic populations for the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), which are stratified, clustered unequal-probability of selection sample designs.
Release date: 2014-06-27 - 9. Estimating the prevalence of COPD in Canada: Reported diagnosis versus measured airflow obstruction ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X201400311908Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study compares prevalence estimates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on self-reports with those based on lung function measurements from cycle 1 of Statistics Canada's Canadian Health Measures Survey.
Release date: 2014-03-19 - 10. Estimating relative survival for cancer: An analysis of bias introduced by outdated life tables ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X201400211903Geography: CanadaDescription:
Based on data from the Canadian Cancer Registry, this study examines the impact of using historical rather than current life tables to estimate expected survival in calculations of relative survival ratios. Results are presented by sex, age group, and survival duration.
Release date: 2014-02-19
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Articles and reports (10)
Articles and reports (10) ((10 results))
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X201400214089Description:
This manuscript describes the use of multiple imputation to combine information from multiple surveys of the same underlying population. We use a newly developed method to generate synthetic populations nonparametrically using a finite population Bayesian bootstrap that automatically accounts for complex sample designs. We then analyze each synthetic population with standard complete-data software for simple random samples and obtain valid inference by combining the point and variance estimates using extensions of existing combining rules for synthetic data. We illustrate the approach by combining data from the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).
Release date: 2014-12-19 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X201400214092Description:
Survey methodologists have long studied the effects of interviewers on the variance of survey estimates. Statistical models including random interviewer effects are often fitted in such investigations, and research interest lies in the magnitude of the interviewer variance component. One question that might arise in a methodological investigation is whether or not different groups of interviewers (e.g., those with prior experience on a given survey vs. new hires, or CAPI interviewers vs. CATI interviewers) have significantly different variance components in these models. Significant differences may indicate a need for additional training in particular subgroups, or sub-optimal properties of different modes or interviewing styles for particular survey items (in terms of the overall mean squared error of survey estimates). Survey researchers seeking answers to these types of questions have different statistical tools available to them. This paper aims to provide an overview of alternative frequentist and Bayesian approaches to the comparison of variance components in different groups of survey interviewers, using a hierarchical generalized linear modeling framework that accommodates a variety of different types of survey variables. We first consider the benefits and limitations of each approach, contrasting the methods used for estimation and inference. We next present a simulation study, empirically evaluating the ability of each approach to efficiently estimate differences in variance components. We then apply the two approaches to an analysis of real survey data collected in the U.S. National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). We conclude that the two approaches tend to result in very similar inferences, and we provide suggestions for practice given some of the subtle differences observed.
Release date: 2014-12-19 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X201401114111Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study provides empirical data on the bias introduced into relative survival ratios in Canada by using general population life tables (unadjusted for cancer mortality) to derive expected survival probabilities.
Release date: 2014-11-19 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014262Description:
Measurement error is one source of bias in statistical analysis. However, its possible implications are mostly ignored One class of models that can be especially affected by measurement error are fixed-effects models. By validating the survey response of five panel survey waves for welfare receipt with register data, the size and form of longitudinal measurement error can be determined. It is shown, that the measurement error for welfare receipt is serially correlated and non-differential. However, when estimating the coefficients of longitudinal fixed effect models of welfare receipt on subjective health for men and women, the coefficients are biased only for the male subpopulation.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014268Description:
Information collection is critical for chronic-disease surveillance to measure the scope of diseases, assess the use of services, identify at-risk groups and track the course of diseases and risk factors over time with the goal of planning and implementing public-health programs for disease prevention. It is in this context that the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS) was established. The QICDSS is a database created by linking administrative files covering the period from 1996 to 2013. It is an attractive alternative to survey data, since it covers the entire population, is not affected by recall bias and can track the population over time and space. In this presentation, we describe the relevance of using administrative data as an alternative to survey data, the methods selected to build the population cohort by linking various sources of raw data, and the processing applied to minimize bias. We will also discuss the advantages and limitations associated with the analysis of administrative files.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X201300014282Description:
The IAB-Establishment Panel is the most comprehensive establishment survey in Germany with almost 16.000 firms participating every year. Face-to-face interviews with paper and pencil (PAPI) are conducted since 1993. An ongoing project examines possible effects of a change of the survey to computer aided personal interviews (CAPI) combined with a web based version of the questionnaire (CAWI). In a first step, questions about the internet access, the willingness to complete the questionnaire online and reasons for refusal were included in the 2012 wave. First results are indicating a widespread refusal to take part in a web survey. A closer look reveals that smaller establishments, long time participants and older respondents are reluctant to use the internet.
Release date: 2014-10-31 - 7. Manufacturing: The Year 2013 in Review ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2014093Description:
This article reviews trends in the manufacturing sector in 2013. Manufacturing sales are examined at the industry level, along with other relevant variables. Important drivers, such as price changes are also presented.
Release date: 2014-09-22 - 8. A nonparametric method to generate synthetic populations to adjust for complex sampling design features ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X201400114003Description:
Outside of the survey sampling literature, samples are often assumed to be generated by simple random sampling process that produces independent and identically distributed (IID) samples. Many statistical methods are developed largely in this IID world. Application of these methods to data from complex sample surveys without making allowance for the survey design features can lead to erroneous inferences. Hence, much time and effort have been devoted to develop the statistical methods to analyze complex survey data and account for the sample design. This issue is particularly important when generating synthetic populations using finite population Bayesian inference, as is often done in missing data or disclosure risk settings, or when combining data from multiple surveys. By extending previous work in finite population Bayesian bootstrap literature, we propose a method to generate synthetic populations from a posterior predictive distribution in a fashion inverts the complex sampling design features and generates simple random samples from a superpopulation point of view, making adjustment on the complex data so that they can be analyzed as simple random samples. We consider a simulation study with a stratified, clustered unequal-probability of selection sample design, and use the proposed nonparametric method to generate synthetic populations for the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), which are stratified, clustered unequal-probability of selection sample designs.
Release date: 2014-06-27 - 9. Estimating the prevalence of COPD in Canada: Reported diagnosis versus measured airflow obstruction ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X201400311908Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study compares prevalence estimates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on self-reports with those based on lung function measurements from cycle 1 of Statistics Canada's Canadian Health Measures Survey.
Release date: 2014-03-19 - 10. Estimating relative survival for cancer: An analysis of bias introduced by outdated life tables ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X201400211903Geography: CanadaDescription:
Based on data from the Canadian Cancer Registry, this study examines the impact of using historical rather than current life tables to estimate expected survival in calculations of relative survival ratios. Results are presented by sex, age group, and survival duration.
Release date: 2014-02-19
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