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- 1. Crossing the Low Income Line ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1997011Description:
This paper contains the complete study on income transitions conducted as part of a release strategy for the 1994 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). It focuses on the factors that cause people to cross the low income line.
Release date: 1997-12-31 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X19970023220Geography: CanadaDescription: Objectives
This article illustrates analytical uses of multiple-cause-of-deathdata, which reflect all causes entered on the death certificate, notonly the single, underlying cause. Heart diseases are used as anexample.
Data sources
Complete multiple-cause-of-death data were obtained fromNewfoundland, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, NewBrunswick, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon and the NorthwestTerritories; sample data were provided for Quebec and Ontario.The records represent 19% of deaths that occurred in Canadafrom 1990 to 1993.
Release date: 1997-10-07 - 3. Multiple causes of death ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19970023235Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article illustrates analytical uses of multiple-cause-of-death data, which reflect all causes entered on the death certificate, not only the single, underlying cause. Heart diseases are used as an example.
Release date: 1997-10-07 - 4. Literacy Skills of Canadian Youth ArchivedArticles and reports: 89-552-M1997001Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the distribution of literacy skills for Canadian youth aged 16 to 25, and the underlying factors that influence literacy, such as family background, level of schooling, employment experiences, age and sex.
Release date: 1997-09-08 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X19970013107Description:
Often one of the key objectives of multi-purpose demographic surveys in the U.S. is to produce estimates for small domains of the population such as race, ethnicity, and income. Geographic-based oversampling is one of the techniques often considered for improving the reliability of the small domain statistics using block or block group information from the Bureau of the Census to identify areas where the small domains are concentrated. This paper reviews the issues involved in oversampling geographical areas in conjunction with household screening to improve the precision of small domain estimates. The results from an empirical evaluation of the variance reduction from geographic-based oversampling are given along with an assessment of the robustness of the sampling efficiency over time as information for stratification becomes out of date. The simultaneous oversampling of several small domains is also discussed.
Release date: 1997-08-18 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997066Geography: CanadaDescription:
Widely used summary measures of inequality or the "disappearing middle class" are potentially misleading. Divergences between evidence cited and conclusions drawn include failing to distinguish the concepts of inequality and polarization, and using scalar ôinequalityö measures which are not consistent with rankings based on Lorenz curves. In addition, inappropriate claims about trends in inequality can arise from focusing on only a sub-population such as full-time male workers, and failing to account for sampling variability. These divergences are illustrated using Canadian data on labour incomes over the 1967 to 1994 period.
Release date: 1997-07-30 - 7. Update on breast cancer mortality, 1995 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19970013057Geography: CanadaDescription: This article updates recently published information on Canadian breast cancer mortality, highlighting a lower rate in 1995, a marked decline in the rate since 1990, and possible factors contributing to this trend.Release date: 1997-07-28
- Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997100Geography: CanadaDescription:
Fundamental changes have taken place in the labour market and among firms in the 1980s and 1990s. In some cases we understand what has occurred, but notwhy. In other cases the data do not exist to shed light on exactly what is happening, let alone why. Changes in the labour market are often related to changes in theway in which firms are engaging and paying labour, the adoption of new technologies, changes in the types of markets in which firms compete, and other eventsoccurring in firms; i.e. changes on the demand side of the labour market. But data have never existed that allowed events occurring in firms to be related to theoutcomes for the workers. This paper outlines why such data are necessary. The example of rising inequality is used to demonstrate the need for such a survey. Alsopresented is an outline of how the new data can be provided using a new approach to surveying. The proposed survey first surveys establishments, and then surveysworkers within that establishment. In this way a direct link is made between the activities in the establishment and the outcomes for the workers. Conversely, a directlink is established between the events in the firm and the characteristics of the workers, another area of research that has suffered from a lack of data at themicro-level. This paper outlines why such a survey is needed, the possible content, and research topics that could be addressed with such data.
Release date: 1997-05-15 - Articles and reports: 62F0014M1996003Geography: CanadaDescription:
Productivity analysis is one of the major foundations of the analysis of long-term economic growth. It is important to study productivity in order to identify the factors that contribute to it and to explore the relationship that exists between productivity, growth and international competitiveness.
Statistics Canada produces partial productivity indexes for some 30 industries and the business sector of the economy on an annual basis. However, little is known about the real output, productivity, and price trends in the construction industry. Four opportunities for productivity research in the construction industry are evident, (a) investigation of the available productivity measures, (b) alternative approaches to the implicit methods currently used in the compilation of output price indexes, (c) estimation of productivity within particular sectors of the construction industry, and (d) comparison of productivity on an interprovincial or international basis.
In this paper we will focus on the first two of the four alternatives and will give examples of the last two. In particular, by formalizing the adjustments that are made to the input factors used in the development of output indexes, we contend that the result will be more impartial and enduring. Generally, our goal is to investigate and promote measures that will be available and attractive to the construction industry as it begins to demand more electronic information. The purpose is to derive, eventually, some new productivity estimates based upon the best available statistics.
Release date: 1997-05-05 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997099Geography: CanadaDescription:
Context : Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer deaths in Canadian males for many years, and since 1994, this has been the case for Canadian femalesas well. It is therefore important to evaluate the resources required for its diagnosis and treatment. This article presents an estimate of the direct medical costsassociated with the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer calculated through the use of a micro-simulation model. For disease incidence, 1992 was chosen as thereference year, whereas costs are evaluated according to the rates that prevailed in 1993.Methods : A model for lung cancer has been incorporated into the Population Health Model (POHEM). The parameters of the model were drawn in part fromStatistics Canada's Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR), which provides information on the incidence and histological classification of lung cancer cases in Canada.The distribution of cancer stage at diagnosis was estimated by using information from two provincial cancer registries. A team of oncologists derived "typical" treatment approaches reflective of current practice, and the associated direct costs were calculated for these approaches. Once this information and the appropriatesurvival curves were incorporated into the POHEM model, overall costs of treatment were estimated by means of a Monte Carlo simulation.Results: It is estimated that overall, the direct medical costs of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment were just over $528 million. The cost per year of life gained as aresult of treatment of the disease was approximately $19,450. For the first time in Canada, it was possible to estimate the five year costs following diagnosis, bystage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. It was possible to estimate the cost per year of additional life gained for three alternative treatments of non small-cell lungcancer (NSCLC). Sensitivity analyses showed that these costs varied between $1,870 and $6,860 per year of additional life gained, which compares favourablywith the costs that the treatment of other diseases may involve.Conclusions: Contrary to widespread perceptions, it appears that the treatment of lung cancer is effective from an economic standpoint. In addition, the use of amicro-simulation model such as POHEM not only makes it possible to incorporate information from various sources in a coherent manner but also offers thepossibility of estimating the effect of alternative medical procedures from the standpoint of financial pressures on the health care system.
Release date: 1997-04-22
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Articles and reports (13)
Articles and reports (13) (0 to 10 of 13 results)
- 1. Crossing the Low Income Line ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1997011Description:
This paper contains the complete study on income transitions conducted as part of a release strategy for the 1994 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). It focuses on the factors that cause people to cross the low income line.
Release date: 1997-12-31 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X19970023220Geography: CanadaDescription: Objectives
This article illustrates analytical uses of multiple-cause-of-deathdata, which reflect all causes entered on the death certificate, notonly the single, underlying cause. Heart diseases are used as anexample.
Data sources
Complete multiple-cause-of-death data were obtained fromNewfoundland, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, NewBrunswick, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon and the NorthwestTerritories; sample data were provided for Quebec and Ontario.The records represent 19% of deaths that occurred in Canadafrom 1990 to 1993.
Release date: 1997-10-07 - 3. Multiple causes of death ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19970023235Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article illustrates analytical uses of multiple-cause-of-death data, which reflect all causes entered on the death certificate, not only the single, underlying cause. Heart diseases are used as an example.
Release date: 1997-10-07 - 4. Literacy Skills of Canadian Youth ArchivedArticles and reports: 89-552-M1997001Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the distribution of literacy skills for Canadian youth aged 16 to 25, and the underlying factors that influence literacy, such as family background, level of schooling, employment experiences, age and sex.
Release date: 1997-09-08 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X19970013107Description:
Often one of the key objectives of multi-purpose demographic surveys in the U.S. is to produce estimates for small domains of the population such as race, ethnicity, and income. Geographic-based oversampling is one of the techniques often considered for improving the reliability of the small domain statistics using block or block group information from the Bureau of the Census to identify areas where the small domains are concentrated. This paper reviews the issues involved in oversampling geographical areas in conjunction with household screening to improve the precision of small domain estimates. The results from an empirical evaluation of the variance reduction from geographic-based oversampling are given along with an assessment of the robustness of the sampling efficiency over time as information for stratification becomes out of date. The simultaneous oversampling of several small domains is also discussed.
Release date: 1997-08-18 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997066Geography: CanadaDescription:
Widely used summary measures of inequality or the "disappearing middle class" are potentially misleading. Divergences between evidence cited and conclusions drawn include failing to distinguish the concepts of inequality and polarization, and using scalar ôinequalityö measures which are not consistent with rankings based on Lorenz curves. In addition, inappropriate claims about trends in inequality can arise from focusing on only a sub-population such as full-time male workers, and failing to account for sampling variability. These divergences are illustrated using Canadian data on labour incomes over the 1967 to 1994 period.
Release date: 1997-07-30 - 7. Update on breast cancer mortality, 1995 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19970013057Geography: CanadaDescription: This article updates recently published information on Canadian breast cancer mortality, highlighting a lower rate in 1995, a marked decline in the rate since 1990, and possible factors contributing to this trend.Release date: 1997-07-28
- Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997100Geography: CanadaDescription:
Fundamental changes have taken place in the labour market and among firms in the 1980s and 1990s. In some cases we understand what has occurred, but notwhy. In other cases the data do not exist to shed light on exactly what is happening, let alone why. Changes in the labour market are often related to changes in theway in which firms are engaging and paying labour, the adoption of new technologies, changes in the types of markets in which firms compete, and other eventsoccurring in firms; i.e. changes on the demand side of the labour market. But data have never existed that allowed events occurring in firms to be related to theoutcomes for the workers. This paper outlines why such data are necessary. The example of rising inequality is used to demonstrate the need for such a survey. Alsopresented is an outline of how the new data can be provided using a new approach to surveying. The proposed survey first surveys establishments, and then surveysworkers within that establishment. In this way a direct link is made between the activities in the establishment and the outcomes for the workers. Conversely, a directlink is established between the events in the firm and the characteristics of the workers, another area of research that has suffered from a lack of data at themicro-level. This paper outlines why such a survey is needed, the possible content, and research topics that could be addressed with such data.
Release date: 1997-05-15 - Articles and reports: 62F0014M1996003Geography: CanadaDescription:
Productivity analysis is one of the major foundations of the analysis of long-term economic growth. It is important to study productivity in order to identify the factors that contribute to it and to explore the relationship that exists between productivity, growth and international competitiveness.
Statistics Canada produces partial productivity indexes for some 30 industries and the business sector of the economy on an annual basis. However, little is known about the real output, productivity, and price trends in the construction industry. Four opportunities for productivity research in the construction industry are evident, (a) investigation of the available productivity measures, (b) alternative approaches to the implicit methods currently used in the compilation of output price indexes, (c) estimation of productivity within particular sectors of the construction industry, and (d) comparison of productivity on an interprovincial or international basis.
In this paper we will focus on the first two of the four alternatives and will give examples of the last two. In particular, by formalizing the adjustments that are made to the input factors used in the development of output indexes, we contend that the result will be more impartial and enduring. Generally, our goal is to investigate and promote measures that will be available and attractive to the construction industry as it begins to demand more electronic information. The purpose is to derive, eventually, some new productivity estimates based upon the best available statistics.
Release date: 1997-05-05 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997099Geography: CanadaDescription:
Context : Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer deaths in Canadian males for many years, and since 1994, this has been the case for Canadian femalesas well. It is therefore important to evaluate the resources required for its diagnosis and treatment. This article presents an estimate of the direct medical costsassociated with the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer calculated through the use of a micro-simulation model. For disease incidence, 1992 was chosen as thereference year, whereas costs are evaluated according to the rates that prevailed in 1993.Methods : A model for lung cancer has been incorporated into the Population Health Model (POHEM). The parameters of the model were drawn in part fromStatistics Canada's Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR), which provides information on the incidence and histological classification of lung cancer cases in Canada.The distribution of cancer stage at diagnosis was estimated by using information from two provincial cancer registries. A team of oncologists derived "typical" treatment approaches reflective of current practice, and the associated direct costs were calculated for these approaches. Once this information and the appropriatesurvival curves were incorporated into the POHEM model, overall costs of treatment were estimated by means of a Monte Carlo simulation.Results: It is estimated that overall, the direct medical costs of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment were just over $528 million. The cost per year of life gained as aresult of treatment of the disease was approximately $19,450. For the first time in Canada, it was possible to estimate the five year costs following diagnosis, bystage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. It was possible to estimate the cost per year of additional life gained for three alternative treatments of non small-cell lungcancer (NSCLC). Sensitivity analyses showed that these costs varied between $1,870 and $6,860 per year of additional life gained, which compares favourablywith the costs that the treatment of other diseases may involve.Conclusions: Contrary to widespread perceptions, it appears that the treatment of lung cancer is effective from an economic standpoint. In addition, the use of amicro-simulation model such as POHEM not only makes it possible to incorporate information from various sources in a coherent manner but also offers thepossibility of estimating the effect of alternative medical procedures from the standpoint of financial pressures on the health care system.
Release date: 1997-04-22
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