Analysis

Description:

Until recently, charging and prosecution policies emphasized the need to treat family violence 'like any other crime.' These policies translated into significant challenges for police and prosecutors who became aware of the unique characteristics of family violence such as the sharing of a home and the emotional and financial relationships between the victim and the offender.

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This study examines the expansion of visible minority neighbourhoods in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas from 1981 to 2001.

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The provincial government sector consists of all provincial government departments, ministries and agencies and provincial research organizations (PRO). The PRO are surveyed separately and are not reported here. The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by Scientific and technological policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The surveys that generate these statistics also provide input for the development of a national aggregated R&D series. These national Research and Development estimates are used by businesses, governments and international organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

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This article looks at the information and communication technology (ICT) industries and reports on technological changes.

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More information on community innovation is required by policy developers. Data from the 1999 Survey of Innovation reveals that the national estimate of innovative manufacturing establishments is 81%.

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Many government departments conduct research and development (R&D), patent inventions and license their technologies. Statistics Canada's Federal Science Expenditures and Personnel (FSEP) survey tracks intellectual property (IP) management activities.

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Biotechnology activity in Canada is flourishing. The total number of biotechnology firms has been continually increasing in recent years. This expansion can also be observed from the changes in revenues generated by biotechnology. Research and development (R&D) efforts are starting to bear fruit and this is reflected in the revenue ratio on R&D.

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Research and development (R&D) has assumed an increasingly important place in Canada's services sector, where the business services are the ones performing the majority of the R&D. This paper highlights the importance of the effort dedicated to R&D in this sector.

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This article uses data from the 2003 Survey of Innovation to examine selected service industries.

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Recent studies have examined high-growth firms, often referred to as 'gazelles,' which have doubled their employment or revenues in five years. This article highlights the impact of using different statistical indicators of high growth.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This infographic provides estimates on health care workers' stress, alcohol consumption and positive health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimates are provided across three primary health care worker groups: nurses, physicians, and Personal Support Workers/Care Aides (PSWs/CAs).

Description: The article considers sampling designs for populations that can be represented as a N × M matrix. For instance when investigating tourist activities, the rows could be locations visited by tourists and the columns days in the tourist season. The goal is to sample cells (i, j) of the matrix when the number of selections within each row and each column is fixed a priori. The i^th row sample size represents the number of selected cells within row i; the j^th column sample size is the number of selected cells within column j. A matrix sampling design gives an N × M matrix of sample indicators, with entry 1 at position (i, j) if cell (i, j) is sampled and 0 otherwise. The first matrix sampling design investigated has one level of sampling, row and column sample sizes are set in advance: the row sample sizes can vary while the column sample sizes are all equal. The fixed margins can be seen as balancing constraints and algorithms available for selecting such samples are reviewed. A new estimator for the variance of the Horvitz-Thompson estimator for the mean of survey variable y is then presented. Several levels of sampling might be necessary to account for all the constraints; this involves multi-level matrix sampling designs that are also investigated.

Description: In recent decades, many different uses of auxiliary information have enriched survey sampling theory and practice. Jean-Claude Deville contributed significantly to this progress. My comments trace some of the steps on the way to one important theory for the use of auxiliary information: Estimation by calibration.

Description: Jean-Claude Deville is one of the most prominent researcher in survey sampling theory and practice. His research on balanced sampling, indirect sampling and calibration in particular is internationally recognized and widely used in official statistics. He was also a pioneer in the field of functional data analysis. This discussion gives us the opportunity to recognize the immense work he has accomplished, and to pay tribute to him. In the first part of this article, we recall briefly his contribution to the functional principal analysis. We also detail some recent extension of his work at the intersection of the fields of functional data analysis and survey sampling. In the second part of this paper, we present some extension of Jean-Claude’s work in indirect sampling. These extensions are motivated by concrete applications and illustrate Jean-Claude’s influence on our work as researchers.

Description: Many things have been written about Jean-Claude Deville in tributes from the statistical community (see Tillé, 2022a; Tillé, 2022b; Christine, 2022; Ardilly, 2022; and Matei, 2022) and from the École nationale de la statistique et de l’administration économique (ENSAE) and the Société française de statistique. Pascal Ardilly, David Haziza, Pierre Lavallée and Yves Tillé provide an in-depth look at Jean-Claude Deville’s contributions to survey theory. To pay tribute to him, I would like to discuss Jean-Claude Deville’s contribution to the more day-to-day application of methodology for all the statisticians at the Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE) and at the public statistics service. To do this, I will use my work experience, and particularly the four years (1992 to 1996) I spent working with him in the Statistical Methods Unit and the discussions we had thereafter, especially in the 2000s on the rolling census.

Description: This article discusses and provides comments on the Ardilly, Haziza, Lavallée and Tillé’s summary presentation of Jean-Claude Deville’s work on survey theory. It sheds light on the context, applications and uses of his findings, and shows how these have become engrained in the role of statisticians, in which Jean-Claude was a trailblazer. It also discusses other aspects of his career and his creative inventions.

Description: In this discussion, I will present some additional aspects of three major areas of survey theory developed or studied by Jean-Claude Deville: calibration, balanced sampling and the generalized weight-share method.

Description: Jean-Claude Deville, who passed away in October 2021, was one of the most influential researchers in the field of survey statistics over the past 40 years. This article traces some of his contributions that have had a profound impact on both survey theory and practice. This article will cover the topics of balanced sampling using the cube method, calibration, the weight-sharing method, the development of variance expressions of complex estimators using influence function and quota sampling.

Description: Sample surveys, as a tool for policy development and evaluation and for scientific, social and economic research, have been employed for over a century. In that time, they have primarily served as tools for collecting data for enumerative purposes. Estimation of these characteristics has been typically based on weighting and repeated sampling, or design-based, inference. However, sample data have also been used for modelling the unobservable processes that gave rise to the finite population data. This type of use has been termed analytic, and often involves integrating the sample data with data from secondary sources.

Alternative approaches to inference in these situations, drawing inspiration from mainstream statistical modelling, have been strongly promoted. The principal focus of these alternatives has been on allowing for informative sampling. Modern survey sampling, though, is more focussed on situations where the sample data are in fact part of a more complex set of data sources all carrying relevant information about the process of interest. When an efficient modelling method such as maximum likelihood is preferred, the issue becomes one of how it should be modified to account for both complex sampling designs and multiple data sources. Here application of the Missing Information Principle provides a clear way forward.

In this paper I review how this principle has been applied to resolve so-called “messy” data analysis issues in sampling. I also discuss a scenario that is a consequence of the rapid growth in auxiliary data sources for survey data analysis. This is where sampled records from one accessible source or register are linked to records from another less accessible source, with values of the response variable of interest drawn from this second source, and where a key output is small area estimates for the response variable for domains defined on the first source.

Description: This article summarizes findings from an upcoming study in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics that compares absolute intergenerational income mobility rates – the fraction of adult children in the population whose income is higher than that earned by their parents at the same age, in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Finland. This article also discusses the findings of a pilot study in Measuring Distribution and Mobility of Income and Wealth which examines the impact of parental education on the transmission of income between generations using census data from the Intergenerational Income Database.

Description: Investing in a postsecondary education is one of the most important decisions made by people over their lifetime. Understanding the potential outcomes associated with specific postsecondary academic programs may help inform young people, but most of the available information focuses on earnings. While important, earnings say little about what postsecondary graduates are likely to do in their career, which may factor heavily in their decision-making process. This article presents the most prevalent jobs held by graduates of Canadian bachelor’s degree programs aged 25 to 34 using the 2021 Census of Population.

Description: The series covers environment accounts and indicators, environmental surveys, spatial environmental information and other research related to environmental statistics. The technical paper series is intended to stimulate discussion on a range of environmental topics.

Description: This bulletin presents the most up-to-date available information extracted from all of the Aviation Statistics Centre's surveys. Regular features include releases on principal statistics for Canada's major air carriers, airport data, fare basis statistics and traffic data for Canada's most important markets.

Description: This series of analytical articles provides insights on the socio-economic environment in rural communities in Canada. New articles will be released periodically.

Description: Statistics Canada is committed to sharing our knowledge and expertise to help all Canadians develop their data literacy skills by developing a series of data literacy training resources. Data literacy is a key skill needed in the 21st century. It is generally described as the ability to derive meaning from data. Data literacy focuses on the competencies or skills involved in working with data, including the ability to read, analyze, interpret, visualize data, as well as to drive good decision-making.

Description: Reports on Special Business Projects is an occasional series that focuses primarily on the results of special surveys or special projects conducted by the Centre for Special Business Projects. The reports cover a wide range of topics, which include business performance and trends, custom tabulations of business data, economic impact studies, new measurement frameworks and indicators to support program development, monitoring and performance assessment, territorial economic indicators and other special studies.

Description: The fact sheets in this series provide an "at-a-glance" overview of particular aspects of education in Canada and summarize key data trends in selected tables published as part of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP).

The PCEIP mission is to publish a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada for policy makers, practitioners and the general public to monitor the performance of education systems across jurisdictions and over time. PCEIP is a joint venture of Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC).

Description: Statistics Canada's Quality of Employment in Canada publication is intended to provide Canadians and Canadian organizations with a better understanding of quality of employment using an internationally-supported statistical framework. Quality of employment is approached as a multidimensional concept, characterized by different elements, which relate to human needs in various ways. To cover all relevant aspects, the framework identified seven dimensions and twelve sub-dimensions of quality of employment.

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The articles published in EnviroStats use statistics to illustrate topical environmental issues. The publication is intended for a general readership rather than an expert audience.

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This publication presents annual estimates of population for subprovincial areas of Canada, such as census metropolitan areas (CMAs), census agglomerations (CAs), economic regions (ERs) and census divisions (CDs). The following components of population change are also presented: births, deaths, immigration, emigration, returning emigration, net temporary emigration, net non-permanent residents and interprovincial and intraprovincial migration. The estimates are based on the most recent census of population results available at the time of publication, which have been adjusted for census net undercoverage (including adjustment for incompletely enumerated Indian reserves). This publication also contains highlights and an analysis of the most recent demographic trends, as well as a description of the concepts, methods and data quality of the estimates.

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Environment fact sheets will include short, focused, single-theme analysis on key issues within the changing environment with regards to all Canadians. Over the course of the series, analysis will include topics on: air and climate, pollution and waste, environmental protection and quality, and natural resources.