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All (137)

All (137) (0 to 10 of 137 results)

  • 1. Application of sampling variance smoothing methods for small area proportion estimation Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100005
    Description: Sampling variance smoothing is an important topic in small area estimation. In this paper, we propose sampling variance smoothing methods for small area proportion estimation. In particular, we consider the generalized variance function and design effect methods for sampling variance smoothing. We evaluate and compare the smoothed sampling variances and small area estimates based on the smoothed variance estimates through analysis of survey data from Statistics Canada. The results from real data analysis indicate that the proposed sampling variance smoothing methods work very well for small area estimation.
    Release date: 2024-03-25
  • 2. Exploring gaps in prescription drug insurance coverage among men and women in Canada using an intersectional lens
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100001
    Description: Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, this study examines men’s and women’s coverage for four types of drug insurance plans (government-sponsored, employer-sponsored, association-sponsored and private drug insurance plans), disaggregated by various socioeconomic, demographic and geographical factors. The study further examines the extent of cost-related medication non-adherence among men and women, disaggregated by type of drug insurance plan.
    Release date: 2024-01-10
  • 3. Primary health care access among First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit, 2017 to 2020
    Articles and reports: 41-20-00022023005
    Description: Using combined data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) from 2017 to 2020, this study examines various indicators of access to primary health care providers (referred to as regular health care providers in the CCHS) and usual places of care among First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit. These indicators are explored by various socio-demographic characteristics, including sex, age, income, region, and remoteness.
    Release date: 2023-10-06
  • 4. Self-reported concussions in Canada: A cross-sectional study
    Articles and reports: 82-003-X202300600002
    Description: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major public health concern impacting the lives of many Canadians. Among all TBIs, concussions are the most common. However, to date, the incidence of concussions among the Canadian population has remained unknown. To address this data surveillance gap, this study presents national estimates on the percentage of Canadians aged 12 years or older (excluding those living in the territories) who sustained one or more concussions in 2019.
    Release date: 2023-06-21
  • 5. Examining variations in immigrants’ lower risk of suicide-related behaviours
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202200100012
    Description:

    Based on data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC), this study provides an understanding of suicide-related behaviours, namely suicide ideation and completed suicides, among Canadian immigrants.

    Release date: 2022-12-01
  • 6. Data ethics part 2: Ethical reviews
    Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022004
    Description:

    Gathering, exploring, analyzing and interpreting data are essential steps in producing information that benefits society, the economy and the environment. In this video, we will discuss the importance of considering data ethics throughout the process of producing statistical information.

    As a pre-requisite to this video, make sure to watch the video titled “Data Ethics: An introduction” also available in Statistics Canada’s data literacy training catalogue.

    Release date: 2022-10-17
  • 7. Statistics 101: Statistical Bias
    Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022005
    Description:

    In this video, you will learn the answers to the following questions: What are the different types of error? What are the types of error that lead to statistical bias? Where during the data journey statistical bias can occur?

    Release date: 2022-10-17
  • 8. From slaughter to supermarket: How supply-chains inform beef prices
    Articles and reports: 62F0014M2022010
    Description: In 2021, Canada recorded its highest annual increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) since 1991, as global supply-chains felt the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, transportation and supply disruptions, and rebounding energy prices – all alongside the effects of the climate crisis.

    This analysis uses price data from the Industrial Product Price Index (IPPI), the Wholesale Services Price Index (WSPI), the Retail Services Price Index (RSPI), and the CPI to detail how manufacturers price movement works it way through the supply-chain to ultimately inform the price consumers pay for beef.

    Release date: 2022-09-02
  • 9. Indigenous workers receiving Canada Emergency Response Benefit payments in 2020
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202200100007
    Description:

    This article uses administrative data from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) program linked to the 2016 long-form Census to examine socio-economic characteristics of Indigenous workers who received the benefit between March and September 2020. Proportions of workers who received payment are presented by age group, sex, province or region, industry of employment, income and size of business as well as for First Nations, Métis and Inuit workers separately.

    Release date: 2022-08-03
  • 10. Bayesian inference for a variance component model using pairwise composite likelihood with survey data
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X202200100002
    Description:

    We consider an intercept only linear random effects model for analysis of data from a two stage cluster sampling design. At the first stage a simple random sample of clusters is drawn, and at the second stage a simple random sample of elementary units is taken within each selected cluster. The response variable is assumed to consist of a cluster-level random effect plus an independent error term with known variance. The objects of inference are the mean of the outcome variable and the random effect variance. With a more complex two stage sampling design, the use of an approach based on an estimated pairwise composite likelihood function has appealing properties. Our purpose is to use our simpler context to compare the results of likelihood inference with inference based on a pairwise composite likelihood function that is treated as an approximate likelihood, in particular treated as the likelihood component in Bayesian inference. In order to provide credible intervals having frequentist coverage close to nominal values, the pairwise composite likelihood function and corresponding posterior density need modification, such as a curvature adjustment. Through simulation studies, we investigate the performance of an adjustment proposed in the literature, and find that it works well for the mean but provides credible intervals for the random effect variance that suffer from under-coverage. We propose possible future directions including extensions to the case of a complex design.

    Release date: 2022-06-21
Stats in brief (14)

Stats in brief (14) (0 to 10 of 14 results)

  • 1. Data ethics part 2: Ethical reviews
    Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022004
    Description:

    Gathering, exploring, analyzing and interpreting data are essential steps in producing information that benefits society, the economy and the environment. In this video, we will discuss the importance of considering data ethics throughout the process of producing statistical information.

    As a pre-requisite to this video, make sure to watch the video titled “Data Ethics: An introduction” also available in Statistics Canada’s data literacy training catalogue.

    Release date: 2022-10-17
  • 2. Statistics 101: Statistical Bias
    Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022005
    Description:

    In this video, you will learn the answers to the following questions: What are the different types of error? What are the types of error that lead to statistical bias? Where during the data journey statistical bias can occur?

    Release date: 2022-10-17
  • 3. Indigenous workers receiving Canada Emergency Response Benefit payments in 2020
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202200100007
    Description:

    This article uses administrative data from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) program linked to the 2016 long-form Census to examine socio-economic characteristics of Indigenous workers who received the benefit between March and September 2020. Proportions of workers who received payment are presented by age group, sex, province or region, industry of employment, income and size of business as well as for First Nations, Métis and Inuit workers separately.

    Release date: 2022-08-03
  • 4. The outlook of rural businesses, fourth quarter of 2021 Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202200100001
    Description:

    This article examines some of the effects of COVID-19 on rural businesses in Canada, with comparison to urban counterparts by industry for contextual support. Topics include business obstacles, expectations for the next year, workforce changes and other subjects from the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions, fourth quarter of 2021.

    Release date: 2022-01-12
  • 5. Outlook of rural businesses and impacts related to COVID-19, third quarter of 2021 Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100038
    Description:

    This article examines some of the effects of COVID-19 on rural businesses in Canada, with comparison to urban counterparts by industry for contextual support. Topics include business obstacles, expectations for the next year, workforce changes and other subjects from the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions, third quarter of 2021.

    Release date: 2021-10-18
  • 6. Colorectal cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impact of paused screening and evaluation of strategies to reduce delays Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100018
    Description:

    Colorectal cancer screening, along with other health care services, was suspended in Canada in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic response. This pause was deemed necessary to allow health care facilities to establish appropriate infection-control measures to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks and to reserve health system capacity for COVID-19 patients. The current article projects the impact of a three-month suspension of screening for colorectal cancer using a fecal test for average-risk individuals, and compares strategies to minimize the harm from screening interruptions. The projections come from OncoSim, a cancer microsimulation model co-developed by Statistics Canada and the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer.

    Release date: 2021-06-17
  • 7. People living in apartments and larger households were at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100004
    Description:

    The risks of mortality due to COVID-19 have been found to be higher for some Canadians (e.g., older population, especially those living in long term care residences, etc.). For Canadians living in close quarters there could also be an increased risk. This article examines the rate of mortality due to COVID-19 associated with people living in different types of private dwellings in Quebec and Ontario. Additionally, the size of the household and the living arrangements are also explored among individuals.

    Release date: 2021-04-13
  • 8. Online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020088
    Description:

    Using a custom tabulation of data from the Monthly Retail Trade Survey, this infographic provides a graphical analysis of retail e-commerce vs. in-store sales for selected industries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Release date: 2021-02-05
  • 9. The changes in health and well-being of Canadians with long-term conditions or disabilities since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100082
    Description:

    This article examines how the self-reported health and mental health of people with long-term health conditions or disabilities has changed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic explored by age, sex and type of reported difficulty. Additionally, the rates of health service disruptions are explored by type of service and region.

    Release date: 2020-10-07
  • 10. COVID-19 Impact Analysis and 2020 Outlook: For-hire Motor Carrier Freight Services Price Index Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100067
    Description:

    This article presents an impact analysis and 2020 outlook for the For-hire Motor Carrier Freight Services Price Index (FHMCFSPI) amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The FHMCFSPI represents the change in the price of for-hire motor carrier freight services, which are services of goods transportation provided by the trucking industry.

    Release date: 2020-08-17
Articles and reports (121)

Articles and reports (121) (10 to 20 of 121 results)

  • 11. Short-term cancer prevalence in Canada, 2018
    Articles and reports: 82-003-X202200300002
    Description:

    This study presents detailed tumour-based cancer prevalence estimates in Canada by sex, age group, cancer type and prevalence duration as of January 1, 2018.

    Release date: 2022-03-16
  • 12. Consumer Price Index and Inflation Perceptions in Canada: Can measurement approaches or behavioural factors explain the gap?
    Articles and reports: 62F0014M2021017
    Description:

    Decisions by economic agents, such as firms and consumers, depend on their views about inflation. Consumers’ views of inflation, are systematically higher than inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), and more so for certain demographic groups. While measurement factors can explain part of this gap, behavioral factors appear to play a larger role. This article examines these factors to explain the gap between CPI’s inflation and inflation perceptions in Canada.

    Release date: 2022-01-19
  • 13. Small area estimation using Fay-Herriot area level model with sampling variance smoothing and modeling
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X202100200007
    Description:

    In this paper, we consider the Fay-Herriot model for small area estimation. In particular, we are interested in the impact of sampling variance smoothing and modeling on the model-based estimates. We present methods of smoothing and modeling for the sampling variances and apply the proposed models to a real data analysis. Our results indicate that sampling variance smoothing can improve the efficiency and accuracy of the model-based estimator. For sampling variance modeling, the HB models of You (2016) and Sugasawa, Tamae and Kubokawa (2017) perform equally well to improve the direct survey estimates.

    Release date: 2022-01-06
  • 14. Development of a composite quality indicator for statistical products derived from administrative sources
    Articles and reports: 46-28-0001202200100001
    Description:

    When a survey publishes statistics with a quality indicator, it is usually derived from measures based on sampling theory. The production of quality indicators is a significant challenge when statistics are produced using alternative sources for which no sampling is done. This paper describes a new method used to create a quality indicator that combines indicators obtained at different stages of data processing. An example of the application of the method in the Canadian Housing Statistics Program is provided in the Appendix.

    Release date: 2022-01-06
  • 15. Adjusted Price Index and Monthly Adjusted Consumer Expenditure Basket Weights
    Articles and reports: 62F0014M2021016
    Description:

    Using various sources of expenditure data, Statistics Canada, in partnership with the Bank of Canada, has estimated monthly adjusted consumer expenditure weights that reflect shifts in consumption patterns as the COVID-19 pandemic evolves. The Adjusted price index has been updated to incorporate the 2020 basket weights and is now based on a Similarity-linked Fisher price index formula. The expenditure data cover all goods and services in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), and provide snapshot estimates of expenditure weights for June, July, August and September 2021. These estimates can provide insight into the impact of COVID-19 on the headline CPI.

    Release date: 2021-11-10
  • 16. An Approximate Bayesian Approach to Improving Probability Sample Estimators Using a Supplementary Non-Probability Sample Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-522-X202100100008
    Description:

    Non-probability samples are being increasingly explored by National Statistical Offices as a complement to probability samples. We consider the scenario where the variable of interest and auxiliary variables are observed in both a probability and non-probability sample. Our objective is to use data from the non-probability sample to improve the efficiency of survey-weighted estimates obtained from the probability sample. Recently, Sakshaug, Wisniowski, Ruiz and Blom (2019) and Wisniowski, Sakshaug, Ruiz and Blom (2020) proposed a Bayesian approach to integrating data from both samples for the estimation of model parameters. In their approach, non-probability sample data are used to determine the prior distribution of model parameters, and the posterior distribution is obtained under the assumption that the probability sampling design is ignorable (or not informative). We extend this Bayesian approach to the prediction of finite population parameters under non-ignorable (or informative) sampling by conditioning on appropriate survey-weighted statistics. We illustrate the properties of our predictor through a simulation study.

    Key Words: Bayesian prediction; Gibbs sampling; Non-ignorable sampling; Statistical data integration.

    Release date: 2021-10-29
  • 17. Creation of a composite quality indicator for administrative data-based estimates using clustering Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-522-X202100100015
    Description: National statistical agencies such as Statistics Canada have a responsibility to convey the quality of statistical information to users. The methods traditionally used to do this are based on measures of sampling error. As a result, they are not adapted to the estimates produced using administrative data, for which the main sources of error are not due to sampling. A more suitable approach to reporting the quality of estimates presented in a multidimensional table is described in this paper. Quality indicators were derived for various post-acquisition processing steps, such as linkage, geocoding and imputation, by estimation domain. A clustering algorithm was then used to combine domains with similar quality levels for a given estimate. Ratings to inform users of the relative quality of estimates across domains were assigned to the groups created. This indicator, called the composite quality indicator (CQI), was developed and experimented with in the Canadian Housing Statistics Program (CHSP), which aims to produce official statistics on the residential housing sector in Canada using multiple administrative data sources.

    Keywords: Unsupervised machine learning, quality assurance, administrative data, data integration, clustering.

    Release date: 2021-10-22
  • 18. The early learning and child care industry in Canada: Business characteristics and industry gross domestic product
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100800006
    Description:

    Childcare supports labour force participation for parents, and can support language, early learning, and the social development of children before they enter the school system. However, there has been little consistent, comparable information on early learning and childcare businesses across the provinces and territories. This paper examines the business and economic characteristics of childcare in Canada, which is provided by firms through markets, and early learning services funded by governments through junior kindergarten and kindergarten. The paper uses administrative datasets to identify firms providing childcare services in Canada for children up to and including the age of 5 for the period from 2008 to 2016. The childcare firms are then used as a basis to examine the revenue and Gross domestic product of the childcare industry based on the type of firm (incorporated vs. unincorporated) generating the income.

    Release date: 2021-08-25
  • 19. Integration of data from probability surveys and big found data for finite population inference using mass imputation
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X202100100004
    Description:

    Multiple data sources are becoming increasingly available for statistical analyses in the era of big data. As an important example in finite-population inference, we consider an imputation approach to combining data from a probability survey and big found data. We focus on the case when the study variable is observed in the big data only, but the other auxiliary variables are commonly observed in both data. Unlike the usual imputation for missing data analysis, we create imputed values for all units in the probability sample. Such mass imputation is attractive in the context of survey data integration (Kim and Rao, 2012). We extend mass imputation as a tool for data integration of survey data and big non-survey data. The mass imputation methods and their statistical properties are presented. The matching estimator of Rivers (2007) is also covered as a special case. Variance estimation with mass-imputed data is discussed. The simulation results demonstrate the proposed estimators outperform existing competitors in terms of robustness and efficiency.

    Release date: 2021-06-24
  • 20. Neighbourhood characteristics and life satisfaction of individuals in lower-, middle-, and higher-income families in Canadian metropolitan areas
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100500006
    Description:

    While there are many studies that examine the relationships between neighbourhood characteristics and health outcomes, and between neighbourhood characteristics and neighbourhood satisfaction, the relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and subjective well-being, particularly life satisfaction, has received much less attention. The objective of this study is to fill this gap in order to help inform neighbourhood-based policy aimed at increasing well-being that is receiving increased attention.

    Release date: 2021-05-26
Journals and periodicals (2)

Journals and periodicals (2) ((2 results))

  • 1. Gross Domestic Product by Industry: Sources and Methods with Industry Details Archived
    Journals and periodicals: 15-548-X
    Description:

    This document describes all aspects of output-based Gross Domestic Product (GDP), also known as GDP by industry or simply monthly GDP. It contains a comprehensive record of specific methodologies and data sources, on an industry by industry basis.

    It is meant to complement a previous Statistics Canada publication, released in November 2002, entitled Gross Domestic Product by Industry, Sources and Methods (Catalogue no. 15-547), which discusses in general terms the concepts, definitions, classifications and statistical methods underlying the monthly GDP measures.

    Release date: 2006-02-28
  • 2. From Home to School - How Canadian Children Cope Archived
    Journals and periodicals: 89F0117X
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This report outlines some initial results from the School Component of the first and second cycles of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). It examines the longitudinal influence of Early Childhood Care and Education and literacy activities on young children's future academic and cognitive outcomes. This overview highlights the information newly available from this component of the survey; it is not comprehensive in its coverage or its analysis. Indeed, the information collected by the NLSCY is so rich and detailed that researchers and analysts will be using it to address a variety of important questions concerning the education of children and youth in Canada for many years to come. Here then, we are merely scratching the surface to stimulate awareness of this rich new data source, and to illustrate the kinds of analyses it makes possible.

    Release date: 1999-10-14
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