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All (61) (40 to 50 of 61 results)
- Articles and reports: 11-626-X2011001Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Economic Insight looks at commonly-used measures that are employed to compare the relative economic performance of Canada and the United States. It is based on research undertaken at Statistics Canada aimed at improving information about how and why Canadian and U.S. economic progress differs.
Release date: 2011-12-21 - 42. Measurement of Real Income in the System of National Accounts: An Application to North American Economies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2011068Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper makes use of both output and income statistics derived from the System of National Accounts to examine performance in the three North American countries. In doing so, the paper follows recommendations contained in the System of National Accounts 1993 (SNA 1993) for calculating aggregate real income statistics such as gross national income (GNI) and gross national disposable income (GNDI) rather than aggregate real gross domestic product (GDP), in order to demonstrate the utility of alternate measures for analyzing aggregate economic performance and the standard of living. To move from estimates of GDP to estimates of GNI and GNDI, adjustments are made for changes in relative prices, referred to as a "trading gain" (the combined effect of changes to the terms of trade and changes in the ratio of traded goods prices to non-traded goods prices), and for current account entries other than the trade balance.
The paper compares real output and income measures for Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Differences between the GDP and GNDI estimates illustrate the extent to which non-production factors, such as relative price changes, can influence the economic performance of a nation, either as compared to that of other nations or in terms of a nation's ability to purchase the goods and services its citizens consume. They also illustrate the benefit of using more than one measure when comparing economic performance across countries.
Release date: 2011-07-11 - Articles and reports: 11F0027M2010059Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper uses Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data to examine changes in labour productivity, real gross domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic income (GDI), economic aggregates and relative economic growth over time. Real GDI combines changes in production (real GDP), with a trading gain derived from relative price changes. The paper considers two sources of trading gains: the terms of trade and the real exchange rate. For OECD countries, the terms of trade is the more important price ratio, making a contribution to real income growth that is, on average, an order of magnitude larger than the real exchange rate.
Over long time periods, the most important source of real income growth is changes in production. Over shorter time horizons, however, the trading gain can make noteworthy contributions. Changes in aggregates, like real private consumption or the relative economic performance of nations, are shown to be particularly dependent on the trading gain during the large swings in resource prices that occurred after 2002.
Release date: 2010-01-28 - Articles and reports: 11-624-M2010025Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the different types of deflators that are used to compare volume estimates of national income and production across countries. It argues that these deflators need to be tailored to the specific income concept used for study. If the potential to spend concept is employed, a purchasing power deflator is needed. If a production based concept is used, a producing power deflator is necessary. The paper argues that present practice produces a hybrid deflator that fails both purposes when terms of trade shifts are large and offers a solution.
Release date: 2010-01-12 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X200901211053Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper re-examines Canadian real GDI relative to the US converted with purchasing power parities based on what production can purchase rather than conventional measures based on production, which narrows the shortfall of Canada's relative income per capita from 15% in 2002 to 8% in 2008.
Release date: 2009-12-10 - 46. PPPs: Purchasing Power or Producing Power Parities? ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2009058Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the different types of deflators that are used to compare volume estimates of national income and production across countries. It argues that these deflators need to be tailored to the specific income concept used for study. If the potential to spend concept is employed, a purchasing power deflator is needed. If a production based concept is used, a producing power deflator is necessary. The paper argues that present practice produces a hybrid deflator that fails both purposes when terms of trade shifts are large and offers a solution.
Release date: 2009-12-10 - 47. Investment in Intangible Assets in Canada: R&D, Innovation, Brand, and Mining, Oil and Gas Exploration Expenditures ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2009026Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper presents estimates of intangible investment in Canada for the purpose of innovation, advertising and resource extraction. It first expands upon work by Beckstead and Gellatly (2003), Baldwin and Hanel (2003), Beckstead and Gellatly (2003), Beckstead and Vinodrai (2003) and Baldwin and Beckstead (2003) who argue that the scope of innovative activity extends beyond research and development (R&D) as defined by the Frascati Manual. It extends the definition of innovative activities to include all scientific and engineering expenditures - regardless of whether they are market-based or produced with a firm. The paper also considers expenditures on intangible items such as brands or resource exploration.
The paper contributes to the existing literature by creating intangible investment estimates (science and engineering knowledge, advertising, mineral exploration by industry) using Statistics Canada's high quality and internally consistent databases. It produces estimates that accord with other intangibles studies (Corrado, Hulten and Sichel 2005, 2006; Jalava, Ahmavarra and Alanen 2007) and shows that traditional R&D type investment estimates account for about a quarter of intangible science and engineering investments.
Release date: 2009-12-02 - 48. The evolution of the Canadian manufacturing sector ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X200900810917Geography: CanadaDescription:
Manufacturing's share of nominal GDP has fallen over the last half century due to lower relative prices in Canada, not a declining volume of production. These price declines reflect productivity growth, while also lowered the share of manufacturing in employment. Canada's manufacturing structure shifted to mirror the United States after free trade was introduced in the 1990s.
Release date: 2009-08-13 - Articles and reports: 11F0027M2009057Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the challenges that the manufacturing sector has faced over the last half century focusing on both long- and short-term performance. It first examines whether there is evidence that this sector is in long-term decline. The paper also investigates how the industry has responded to specific shocks during this period from exchange-rate movements, trade liberalization and business cycles. It finds little evidence of long-term decline. Rather it describes how manufacturing has adapted to varying challenges, whether from demand shifts due to business cycles, relative price shifts associated with exchange rate shocks or changes in tariff regimes.
Release date: 2009-07-28 - Articles and reports: 15-206-X2008021Description:
This paper makes use of a growth accounting framework to examine the importance of public capital for private sector productivity growth. Most measures of multifactor productivity consider only the inputs of the business sector. This paper produces an alternate measure of multifactor productivity for the business sector that incorporates the impact of public capital. It uses the estimate of the elasticity of business sector output with respect to public capital derived from Macdonald (2008). Over the period, the conventional estimate of MFP growth averages 0.4% per year. About half of this growth is attributable to public capital.
Release date: 2009-01-14
Stats in brief (1)
Stats in brief (1) ((1 result))
- 1. Resources: Long-term shifts in commodities ArchivedStats in brief: 11-630-X2014003Description:
Canada's economic story owes much to its bountiful natural resources. The December edition of Canadian Megatrends examines the role these assets have played in the growth and development of this country.
Release date: 2014-12-23
Articles and reports (60)
Articles and reports (60) (0 to 10 of 60 results)
- Articles and reports: 11-633-X2023003Description: This paper spans the academic work and estimation strategies used in national statistics offices. It addresses the issue of producing fine, grid-level geography estimates for Canada by exploring the measurement of subprovincial and subterritorial gross domestic product using Yukon as a test case.Release date: 2023-12-15
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300400004Description: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the Canadian economy in numerous ways, one of which was changing the relationship between growth in production, and changes in real consumption and real gross fixed capital formation (GFCF). Typically, real consumption and real GFCF are expected to progress similarly to real gross domestic product (GDP), however during the period covered by the COVID-19 pandemic, real consumption and real GFCF grew at a stronger pace than real GDP. This article illustrates how examining real income rather than real production can address this paradox. Specifically, the roles of changes in production (the use of capital, labour and multifactor productivity used to produce real GDP) and changes in non-production sources of real income growth (the trading gain and net income from abroad) are examined.Release date: 2023-05-08
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202201000002Description:
Rising wages and prices have characterized 2021 and 2022. Soaring unit labour costs have raised competitiveness concerns. This article examines the relationship between real wages and productivity to see whether real wage growth (growth in real total compensation per hour worked) has lagged behind labour productivity growth in recent years. It examines whether the result is sensitive to differences in the definition of real wages.
Release date: 2022-10-27 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202201000003Description:
This paper estimates and examines the contribution to Gross domestic product (GDP) by men and by women in the Canadian economy for the first time. Up to now, increases in the educational attainment of women and their participation in the market economy are reflected in education and labour market statistics but the contribution of men and women to production has not been delineated. The paper implements a new method for measuring GDP for men and women between 2008 and 2018 based on administrative records. It informs on the rising share of activity attributable to women and documents those areas of GDP where women make the largest and smallest contributions.
Release date: 2022-10-27 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200800002Description:
The onset of COVID-19 in March 2020 brought with it restrictions on personal activities and business activities across the country. To help measure the stringency of the restrictions, a COVID-19 restriction index was created at Statistics Canada to measure the strength of the public health measures on a provincial/territorial basis. This article provides an updated set of estimates for the restriction index up to July 31, which covers the remaining portion of the Omicron wave as well as the period of re-opening that took place over spring and summer 2022.
Release date: 2022-08-24 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200800003Description:
Child care in Canada is essential for supporting paid employment for parents, particularly women who do the majority of child care work. This paper examines the characteristics and evolution of the population of small home daycares and their operators that are ubiquitous throughout Canada. It fills an information gap in the current understanding of the child care market in Canada by providing information about the entrepreneurs that run home child cares, their families and their incomes.
Release date: 2022-08-24 - Articles and reports: 11-633-X2022003Description:
This paper develops COVID-19 restrictions indexes for all provinces and territories. Indexes are produced at a daily frequency and illustrate the overall level of restrictions as well as differences in restrictions on the vaccinated and the unvaccinated portions of the population.
Release date: 2022-03-28 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101200003Description:
This article reports experimental estimates for the impact of flooding in B.C. on local economies. The paper uses a firm level dataset to geographically determine firm locations that are likely to have been affected by flooding due to heavy rains during November 13th to November 15th 2021.
Release date: 2022-01-18 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100800006Description:
Childcare supports labour force participation for parents, and can support language, early learning, and the social development of children before they enter the school system. However, there has been little consistent, comparable information on early learning and childcare businesses across the provinces and territories. This paper examines the business and economic characteristics of childcare in Canada, which is provided by firms through markets, and early learning services funded by governments through junior kindergarten and kindergarten. The paper uses administrative datasets to identify firms providing childcare services in Canada for children up to and including the age of 5 for the period from 2008 to 2016. The childcare firms are then used as a basis to examine the revenue and Gross domestic product of the childcare industry based on the type of firm (incorporated vs. unincorporated) generating the income.
Release date: 2021-08-25 - Articles and reports: 11-633-X2020003Description:
Timely measures of economic activity are critical for understanding how economies perform, and for informing policy responses to macroeconomic fluctuations. The onset of the pandemic due to the emergence of the SARS-Cov-2 virus emphasized this, as well as the need for geography-specific measures. Presently, Canada has a robust system for producing up-to-date measures of activity, such as real gross domestic product (GDP), at the national level. For provincial and territorial economies, monthly information on labour markets or particular activities such as manufacturing or international trade are available, but a monthly measure of aggregate economic activity is not available. This paper explores methods for creating a monthly indicator of economic activity for the provinces and territories.
Release date: 2020-08-19
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