Census of Population

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The census provides a detailed statistical portrait of Canada and its people by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. This information is important for communities and is vital for planning services such as child care, schooling, family services, and skills training for employment.

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  • 1. Discontinuers of apprenticeship programs: An analysis on the impact of discontinuation on the labour market outcomes of apprentices
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2024001
    Description: This analytical article provides insight on the impact of discontinuing apprenticeship programs on the labor market outcomes of apprentices in Canada. Using Census 2016 data and the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP), this study examines certified journeypersons, continuers, and discontinuers of apprenticeship programs from 2008 to 2013. Labour market outcomes are compared primarily through the rates of employment in industries related to their trade of study and earnings.
    Release date: 2024-09-26
  • 2. Changes in the population of tradespeople between 2016 and 2021
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2024002
    Description: There has been a growing concern about future labor supply in skilled trades in Canada. Using data from the Census of Population and the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS), this article examines changes in the number and demographic composition of tradespeople from 2016 to 2021 in Canada. Specifically, the study focuses on those employed in Red Seal trades, analyzing variations in age, gender, citizenship, and trade selection.
    Release date: 2024-09-26
  • 3. Workforce utilization of Canadian men with a nursing education
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400900001
    Description: Little is known about the workforce utilization of Canadian men with a nursing education, who accounted for 12% of people eligible to practise nursing in 2021 (Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2022). This article compares racialized and White men aged 25 to 64 years with a nursing education in terms of their skill utilization in the workforce.
    Release date: 2024-09-25
  • 4. Most prevalent jobs of doctoral degree graduates by detailed field of study
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400900002
    Description: Although it is well established that higher levels of educational attainment are generally associated with higher lifetime earnings, and that this varies considerably by field of study, less is known about the actual jobs held by graduates of specific disciplines. The purpose of this short article is to present results from the 2021 Census of Population for doctoral degree graduates. Only individuals who worked during the census reference week (May 2 to 8, 2021) and who completed a Canadian doctoral degree program are included.
    Release date: 2024-09-25
  • 5. Exposure to artificial intelligence in Canadian jobs: Experimental estimates
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400900004
    Description: This study provides experimental estimates of the number and percentage of workers in Canada potentially susceptible to AI-related job transformation based on the complementarity-adjusted AI occupational exposure index.
    Release date: 2024-09-25
  • 6. Occupational and sex differences in active commuting among Canadian workers from 2006 to 2016
    Articles and reports: 82-003-X202400900001
    Description: Active commuting (AC) to and from work is associated with numerous health benefits, through increased physical activity. This study examined whether occupation types and part-time work, by sex, were associated with AC in a population-based sample of Canadian workers. This study examined the associations between occupational classifications, part-time work, and AC (i.e., walking, cycling) and public transit use, in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults, while controlling for other relevant sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., education, income, urbanity). This study also explored how associations between occupational classifications and AC differed by sex and how AC rates may have changed over time.
    Release date: 2024-09-18
  • 7. Number of enterprises in Canada, by geography and visible minority status of owner
    Table: 33-10-0838-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Annual counts of enterprises by visible minority status of owner (South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.
    Release date: 2024-09-10
  • 8. Number of enterprises in Canada, by geography and age of owner
    Table: 33-10-0839-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Annual counts of enterprises by age of owner (younger than 30 years, 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.
    Release date: 2024-09-10
  • 9. Number of enterprises in Canada, by geography and immigrant status of owner
    Table: 33-10-0840-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Annual counts of enterprises by immigrant status of owner (admitted less than 5 years ago, admitted 5 to 9 years ago, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.
    Release date: 2024-09-10
  • 10. Number of enterprises in Canada, by geography and Indigenous group of owner
    Table: 33-10-0841-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Annual counts of enterprises by Indigenous group (Indigenous, Non-Indigenous) of owner for Canada, provinces and the territories.
    Release date: 2024-09-10
Data (3,363)

Data (3,363) (3,310 to 3,320 of 3,363 results)

Analysis (579)

Analysis (579) (30 to 40 of 579 results)

  • 31. Early career quality of employment of Indigenous graduates with a bachelor’s degree, 2010 to 2018 cohorts
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2023005
    Description: Using a database that integrates anonymized data from the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) with data from the 2016 Census, the 2021 Census and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this article will examine demographic characteristics of Indigenous graduates at the bachelor level, as well as certain job quality indicators, such as annual employment income level, unionization rate and pension plan coverage rate, at the beginning of their career, that is two years after graduating.
    Release date: 2024-02-21
  • 32. Estimation of Energy Poverty Rates Using the 2021 Census of Population
    Articles and reports: 46-28-0001202400100001
    Description: This report examines the energy poverty rates using the data from the 2021 Census. It presents the energy poverty rates by various dwelling and household characteristics. It examines the how energy poverty rates change when indirect payments for dwelling energy are estimated and included in the definition.
    Release date: 2024-02-20
  • 33. Market Basket Measure research paper: Examining shelter and transportation costs within census metropolitan area Market Basket Measure regions
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024003
    Description: This research paper examines shelter and transportation costs within census metropolitan areas (CMAs). The paper begins by describing a proposed methodology for delineating urban and suburban sub-regions within CMA Market Basket Measure (MBM) regions. It then presents new shelter and transportation costs based on the new delineations and assesses the extent to which differences in costs between urban and suburban sub-regions differ. The analysis concludes by examining how the new delineations would impact the estimation of poverty rates had they been implemented. This paper also provides an opportunity for the public and stakeholders to provide feedback and comments.
    Release date: 2024-02-15
  • 34. The school closest to home: Proximity of French-language elementary schools and enrolment in the Maritime provinces
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100003
    Description: This study examines enrolment in French-language elementary schools in the Maritime provinces—i.e., New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island—according to the distance between children’s homes and French- and English-language schools. The study is based on data from the 2021 Census of Population and on data from the 2022 Open Database on Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-02-14
  • 35. Study: The school closest to home: Proximity of French-language elementary schools and enrolment in the Maritime provinces
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202404537945
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-02-14
  • 36. Market Basket Measure research paper: Applying the Market Basket Measure methodology to an administrative data source
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024002
    Description: This discussion paper describes considerations for applying the Market Basket Measure (MBM) methodology onto a purely administrative data source. The paper will begin by outlining a rationale for estimating MBM poverty statistics using administrative income data sources. It then explains a proposal for creating annual samples along with the caveats of creating these samples, followed by a brief analysis using the proposed samples. The paper concludes with potential future improvements to the samples and provides the opportunity for reader’s feedback.
    Release date: 2024-02-08
  • 37. What is the connection between working from home and the languages used at work?
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100002
    Description: Using 2021 Census data, this article examines the link between working from home and the languages used at work. It focuses on three Census metropolitan areas (CMAs) of Moncton, Montréal and Ottawa–Gatineau—three regions where both English and French are used widely at work.
    Release date: 2024-01-31
  • 38. Study: What is the connection between working from home and the languages used at work?
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202403137826
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-01-31
  • 39. Most prevalent jobs of young bachelor’s degree graduates by detailed field of study
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200002
    Description: Investing in a postsecondary education is one of the most important decisions made by people over their lifetime. Understanding the potential outcomes associated with specific postsecondary academic programs may help inform young people, but most of the available information focuses on earnings. While important, earnings say little about what postsecondary graduates are likely to do in their career, which may factor heavily in their decision-making process. This article presents the most prevalent jobs held by graduates of Canadian bachelor’s degree programs aged 25 to 34 using the 2021 Census of Population.
    Release date: 2023-12-21
  • 40. The housing trajectories of Canadian-born racialized population groups
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200003
    Description: For many Canadian households, the home is the primary asset and means of wealth accumulation. This study examines the housing trajectories of Canadian-born racialized population groups at different ages and points in their lives, using 1996 to 2021 Canadian census data. Racialized groups are further disaggregated by birth cohort.
    Release date: 2023-12-21
Reference (241)

Reference (241) (40 to 50 of 241 results)

  • 41. Languages used at work, 2021 Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00032021027
    Description: This video provides basic information on the census questions on languages used at work and the main concepts and variables derived from them. It explains the concepts of languages used at work, language used most often at work and other languages used regularly at work. It also helps you understand the changes to the questions since the last census and the impact on historical comparability of this data.
    Release date: 2022-11-30
  • 42. Education concepts and variables, 2021 Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00032021028
    Description: This video will give you a basic understanding of four main education concepts - educational credentials, major field of study, location of study and school attendance – as well as information on the variables associated with these concepts. It will provide information about variables, such as highest certificate, diploma or degree, Classification of Instructional Programs CIP 2021, location of study and school attendance, as well as their usefulness to data users.
    Release date: 2022-11-30
  • 43. Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language: A data ecosystem
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012022001
    Description: This fact sheet presents a data ecosystem comprised of a set of data sources that, together, provide information on children eligible for instruction in the minority official language.
    Release date: 2022-11-09
  • 44. Introduction to place of birth, citizenship and immigration, 2021 Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00032021025
    Description: This video is designed to give you a basic understanding of the Place of birth, Citizenship and Immigration concepts as well as the importance of collecting data on these topics. You will also learn about other derived concepts such as generation status, immigration status, admissions category, applicant type, year of immigration, age at immigration, year of arrival, pre-admission experience and province or territory of intended destination. Data on these are used to evaluate policies and programs and compare social and economic conditions of immigrants over time.
    Release date: 2022-11-09
  • 45. 2021 Census Fact Sheets
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-0001
    Description:

    This is a series of fact sheets offering an overview of changes in content for the 2021 Census questionnaire. These include 19 fact sheets focusing on new and modified content and one fact sheet providing information about the design and methodology of the 2019 Census Content Test.

    Release date: 2022-11-09
  • 46. Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2021006
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret visible minority and population group data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 47. Ethnic or Cultural Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2021008
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret ethnic or cultural origin data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 48. Mobility and Migration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2021010
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret mobility and migration data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 49. Religion Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2021016
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret religion data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 50. Collection of data on Indigenous peoples, 2021 Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00032021019
    Description: This video identifies the census questionnaires and questions that help provide a portrait of Indigenous peoples in Canada. It also explains why data on the Indigenous peoples is collected and its use and importance to Indigenous governments, organizations and service providers.
    Release date: 2022-10-26
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Census Profile

This profile presents information from the 2011 Census of Population for various levels of geography, including provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, communities, census tracts and health regions. The profile includes characteristics such as population, age, sex, dwellings, families, marital status and language.

Focus on Geography Series

Focusing on a selected geographic area, this product presents data highlights for each of the major releases of the 2011 Census. These data highlights are presented through text, tables and figures. The geographic levels presented in this product include Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, and census subdivisions with a 2011 Census population greater than or equal to 5,000.

Census Dictionary

The Census Dictionary is a reference document which contains detailed definitions of Census of Population concepts, universes, variables, and geographic terms, as well as historical information.