Science and technology

Description: This study provides experimental estimates of the number and percentage of workers in Canada potentially susceptible to AI-related job transformation based on the complementarity-adjusted AI occupational exposure index.

Description: Technology adoption is essential for improving the growth, productivity and competitiveness of businesses. This paper links two cycles (2017 and 2019) of the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy with the Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database to study the use of advanced and emerging technologies by women- and men-owned businesses in Canada.

Description: In an age defined by innovation and technological advancement, robotics stands at the forefront of transformative change. This analysis uses the Survey of Advanced Technology (SAT) to examine and characterize the adoption of robotics technologies, the performance of robotics technologies adopters, the challenges encountered during the adoption process, and the strategies employed to overcome these challenges in Canadian businesses.

Description: The Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer empowers users to discover geo enabled data holdings of Statistics Canada at various levels of geography including at the neighbourhood level. Users are able to visualize, thematically map, spatially explore and analyze, export and consume data in various formats. Users can also view the data superimposed on satellite imagery, topographic and street layers.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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Percentage of enterprises for which multinational organizations were among competitors in the main geographical market, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

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Percentage of enterprises that introduced product (good or service) innovations that were new to one of their markets, new to this business only, and new to one of their markets and new to this business only, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a three-year observation period.

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Percentage of enterprises that conducted specific innovation activities, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Innovation activities include research and experimental development; acquisition or development of advanced technology; design activities related to other organizations; employee training specifically for innovation projects; consultation activities with external experts or internal workgroups; activities related to the development and implementation of new marketing methods; market preparation activities directly linked to the introduction of new goods or services; and other innovation activities. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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Percentage of enterprises for which specific reasons for employing personnel outside Canada were not at all important, somewhat important, important, very important or not applicable, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Reasons for employing personnel outside Canada include: reduced labour costs, reduced costs other than labour costs, access to new markets, increased access to supply chains or regional trade networks, increased sales, proximity to important customers, access to specialized knowledge or technologies, tax or other financial incentives, improved logistics, lack of available labour in Canada and other reasons for employing personnel outside Canada. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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Percentage of enterprises that moved activities from outside Canada into Canada, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a three-year observation period.

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Product innovators' average percentage of sales that came from products that were new to one of the business's markets, new only to the business, and unchanged or marginally modified in three years, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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Average expenditures (x 1,000) on specific innovation activities, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Innovation activities include research and experimental development; acquisition or development of advanced technology; design activities related to other organizations; employee training specifically for innovation projects; consultation activities with external experts or internal workgroups; activities related to the development and implementation of new marketing methods; market preparation activities directly linked to the introduction of new goods or services; and other innovation activities. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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The number of full-time equivalent (FTE) personnel employed outside Canada by businesses that are not an affiliate of a foreign parent (in the United States of America, Mexico, other Latin American and Caribbean countries, Europe, China, other Asian countries or all other countries), by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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The number of full-time equivalent (FTE) personnel employed inside Canada by business activity, North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Business activities include production of goods, distribution and logistics, call and help centre, marketing and sales services, information and communication technology (ICT) services, professional services, engineering and research and development (R&D) services, general management, and all other business activities. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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The number of full-time equivalent (FTE) personnel employed outside Canada by businesses that are not an affiliate of a foreign parent by business activity, North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Business activities include production of goods, distribution and logistics, call and help centre, marketing and sales services, information and communication technology (ICT) services, professional services, engineering and research and development (R&D) services, general management, and all other business activities. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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The number of full-time equivalent (FTE) personnel employed outside Canada in core and support activities by businesses that are not an affiliate of a foreign parent, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Business activities include production of goods, distribution and logistics, call and help centre, marketing and sales services, information and communication technology (ICT) services, professional services, engineering and research and development (R&D) services, general management, and all other business activities. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

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Percentage of expenditures on innovation activities attributable to product (good or service), or process innovation, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size.

Description: Survey of innovation and business strategy, sales and cost of goods sold, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and enterprise size for Canada and certain provinces, in 2022.

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This interactive data visualization dashboard provides a comprehensive picture of research and development (R&D) activities in Canadian industry. Users will find extensive coverage of characteristics on R&D activities in Canadian industry. The dashboard features information on in-house as well as outsourced R&D expenditures, statistics on energy-related R&D expenditures by area of technology and details on intellectual property product commerce.

Description: This table contains 94976 series, with data for years 2014 - 2015 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) (75 items: Total all industries; Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting; Agriculture (except aquaculture) and support activities for crop production and animal production; Forestry, logging and support activities for forestry; ...) Country of control (3 items: Total country of control; Canada; Foreign) Energy technology (53 items: Total energy technologies; Fossil fuels; Crude oils and natural gas exploration; Crude oils and natural gas production and storage; ...) Energy-related research and development expenditures (8 items: Total in-house energy-related research and development expenditures; Funded by research and development performing companies (Canada); Funded by federal, provincial or territorial governments; Funded by all other Canadian sources; ...).

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This paper examines the industrial distribution, and levels of unemployment of people who were edu

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The provincial government sector consists of all provincial government departments, ministries and agencies and provincial research organizations.

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This publication outlines a five-year strategic plan for the development of an information system for science and technology.

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The provincial research organizations account for only a small proportion of the total scientific activities conducted in Canada, approximately 1% of the estimated expenditures for Research and development in 1997.

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New firms are seen to play a key role in the innovation process, especially in certain key sectors of the economy. This study therefore examines the differences in the profiles of successful new firms in science-based industries and other industries. The firms that are examined are entrants who survey into their early teen years. The study examines numerous factors that are seen to influence the success of new businesses. These include the competitive environment, business strategies and the financial structure of the businesses.

Successful new firms in science-based industries are found to differ in a number of dimensions from new firms in other industries. They are more likely to be exporters. They face greater technological change and intense competition with regards to the rate at which new products are being introduced. They tend to put more emphasis on quality, the frequent introduction of new products and the customization of products. They make greater use of information technology. They place more stress on new technology development, research and development facilities and the use of intellectual property. They are much more likely to innovate and they place more importance on recruiting skilled labour and on training. Finally, they are more likely to use non-traditional financial measures to evaluate performance and they are less likely to rely on secured credit for financing both their research and development activity and their machinery and equipment that are firms in other sectors.

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The linkages between university research and its contribution to national and regional economies are not well understood. During the summer of 1998, Statistics Canada conducted a pilot survey of intellectual property (IP) commercialization in the higher education sector to begin to measure some of the contributions. The voluntary questionnaire was sent to 81 universities and degree-granting colleges, of which 74 responded. The results show that most universities participate in a wide variety of activities including identifying, protecting, promoting and commercializing IP.

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Statistics Canada is engaged in the "Information System for Science and Technology Project" to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology (S&T) in Canada. The working papers series is used to publish results of the different initiatives conducted within this project. The data are related to the activities, linkages and outcomes of S&T. Several key areas are covered such as: innovation, technology diffusion, human resources in S&T and interrelations between different actors involved in S&T. This series also presents data tabulations taken from regular surveys on research and development (R&D) and S&T and made possible by the project.

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Entry and exit are important phenomena. This paper reviews the evidence on the size of this process and its contribution to productivity and innovation. It then develops a detailed portrait of the characteristics of new firms that survive and those that fail. In doing so, it examines the type of competencies that are developed in both groups of firms. It asks which competencies are developed by new firms. In particular, it focuses on the innovative capabilities of new firms. It shows that small firms in general and entrants in particular are heterogeneous when it comes to their innovative activity. The types of innovative activity in which they are engaged vary widely. Some focus on research and development (R&D) and new products. Others focus on new technologies. Still others stress the development of human capital. In addition, this paper examines the competitive environment that new firms face and the connection between growth and innovation. It also examines the complementary skills that are employed by innovators. Finally, the paper focuses on the causes of failure in the firm population. It extends earlier work that finds that failing firms differ from surviving firms in terms of basic competencies-management, financial management and marketing capabilities.

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The framework described here is intended as a basic operational instrument for systematic development of statistical information respecting the evolution of science and technology and its interactions with the society, the economy and the political system of which it is a part.

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Innovation is at the heart of economic growth and development. It is through innovation that new products are brought to market, new production processes developed and organizational change realized. Given existing cross-industry variations in structure, competitiveness and maturity, it is reasonable to expect that firms in different industries will innovate for different reasons, in different ways and with different results. This report focuses on how the innovation activities of firms in three dynamic service industries are conditioned by their different environments.

Through an understanding of what competitive pressures come into play and how these pressures affect the type of innovation that is performed, Innovation in dynamic service industries goes some way in illustrating how innovation regimes differ substantially, and quite logically, from one industry to another.

This is the fifth in the series of publications on innovation and technological change in Canada. One of the earlier studies investigated the type of innovation taking place in the manufacturing sector (Baldwin and Da Pont, Innovation in Canadian manufacturing enterprises, Catalogue No. 88-513-XPB). Two others focused on advanced manufacturing technologies. The first (Baldwin and Sabourin, Technology adoption in Canadian manufacturing, Catalogue No. 88-512-XPB) outlined the intensity of use of these technologies. The second (Baldwin, Sabourin, and Rafiquzzaman, Benefits and problems associated with technology adoption, Catalogue No. 88-514-XPE) investigated the determinants of adoption. Another study (Baldwin, Innovation and intellectual property, Catalogue No. 88-515-XPE) examined how innovative firms protect their intellectual property after they have innovated.

Description: This pilot survey will provide information about federal science expenditures towards developing countries by type of relevant activities in science and technologies and about obstacles and cooperative arrangements with foreign partners.

Description: The statistical information collected by this survey is useful for better understanding the measurement of the effort invested by Canada in research and development directed toward developing countries. The data collected by this survey contribute to the federal research and development strategy and are covered in an agreement signed with the Office of the National Science Advisor.

Description: Higher Education Research and Development (HERD) Estimates are funding based investments in sponsored research and development (R&D) expenditures in the higher education sector in Canada.

Description: The survey collects expenditure data on health research and development activities by therapeutic class in the Canadian business enterprise sector.

Description: Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division is engaged in a joint project with Industry Canada to investigate the commercialization of innovation process in Canadian firms of small and medium size.

Description: The objective of this survey is to better understand the issues and difficulties encountered by enterprises performing research and development (R&D) work, at low levels of expenditures.

Description: Statistics Canada has undertaken this survey to provide statistical information on the strategic decisions, innovation activities and operational tactics used by Canadian enterprises. The survey also collects information on the involvement of enterprises in global value chains.

Description: The survey of intellectual property management (SIPM) provides statistical information on the use and management of Intellectual Property (IP) by Canadian enterprises in selected industry groups.

Description: Results from this survey will assist in the formulation of key intellectual property (IP) indicators for the federal government. The data collected will be used by federal science policy analysts.

Description: Research and Development (R&D) personnel data are essential to assure the availability of pertinent statistical information to monitor science and technology (S&T) related activities in Canada and to support the development of science and technology policy.