Employment and unemployment

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All (679) (510 to 520 of 679 results)

  • 511. The Gender Balance of Employment in Rural and Small Town Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 21-006-X2002003
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The revitalization of rural areas in Canada remains a priority among policy-makers. Associated with this is an increase in interest in the financial circumstances of females residing in rural areas. Employment is an important indicator of economic circumstance.

    This bulletin analyses rural-urban differences in the patterns of employment of males and females. Gender employment discrepancies that are either enhanced or reduced by rurality are revealed. The following employment indicators are examined: 1. overall employment levels and rates; 2. full-time and part-time employment rates; 3. reasons for undertaking part-time employment; 4. paid and unpaid overtime.

    Release date: 2003-02-14
  • 512. The Changing Profile of Canada's Labour Force, 2001 Census Archived
    Articles and reports: 96F0030X2001009
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This topic presents the Canadian labour force trends over the past decade in light of the three key factors that have shaped the nation's workforce: a demand for skills in the face of globalization and the 'knowledge economy'; a working-age population increasingly made up of older persons; and a growing reliance on immigration as a source of skills and labour force growth. Numerous colour maps, charts and tables illustrate the latest provincial, territorial and metropolitan labour force trends observed from the 2001 Census of Population and Housing.

    This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

    More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

    Release date: 2003-02-11
  • 513. Men 55 and older: work or retire? Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X20021126392
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines the characteristics of men 55 and over who are no longer active in the labour market, and the "voluntary" or "involuntary" reasons for inactivity.

    Release date: 2002-12-18
  • 514. I still feel overqualified for my job Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X20020036397
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article addresses overqualification, which concerns both workers and employers because people who hold jobs that make few demands on their skills have lower earnings and lower levels of productivity.

    Release date: 2002-12-17
  • 515. Wage Progression of Less Skilled Workers in Canada: Evidence from the SLID (1993-1998) Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002194
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The wage progression of less skilled workers is of particular policy interest in light of evidence of skill-biased technology changes. There exist two conflicting views regarding the wage progression of less skilled workers. One view believes that work experience is the driving force for wage growth of less skilled workers, so effective policies should encourage workers to participate in the labour market and accumulate work experience. The other view stresses that less skilled workers are usually locked into dead-end jobs in which wages are stagnant and policies that facilitate job shopping (changing jobs and employers) would be desirable.

    Job tenure is a key factor in testing the hypothesis that less skilled workers are locked into dead-end jobs. If the return to tenure is zero, the hypothesis cannot be rejected. An extended human capital model of wage growth for less skilled workers is estimated using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) 1993 to 1998. In order to compare the wage growth mechanisms for workers with different skill endowments, the model is also estimated for workers with higher skill levels. The result implies that the return to job tenure for less skilled workers is significantly different from zero. This is inconsistent with the view that less skilled workers are locked into dead-end jobs.

    The return to job tenure is also found to be greater than the return to total labour market experience for less skilled workers. This finding supports the notion that firm-specific human capital acquired by less skilled workers substitutes for their generally low human capital endowments and the accumulation of firm-specific human capital by less skilled workers greatly improves their earnings prospect.

    Release date: 2002-12-06
  • 516. Part-time Employment in Rural Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 21-006-X2002001
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Rural areas have a higher incidence of part-time employment. The average annual rate of part-time job growth in rural Canada was higher between 1987 and 1997 than between 1997 and 1999. The predominantly rural provinces have the highest incidence of part-time employment in their rural areas. The majority of part-time employment growth in rural areas is occurring in mainly urban provinces.

    Release date: 2002-10-07
  • 517. Management Experience and Diversity in an Aging Organization: A Microsimulation Analysis Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002188
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The aging of the Canadian population is a well recognized phenomenon and has received considerable policy research attention, particularly in the health and public pension domains. Very little work has been focused on the impacts of aging at the organizational level. Foot and Venne studied the advancement of the baby boom through traditional organizational hierarchies, noting its impacts on human resource policies that encourage horizontal career development. Saba et al looked more particularly at the management of older professionals in the Quebec public service, finding that employee recognition was an important human resource strategy for motivating this group. We extend these studies further along the aging ladder -- to the point where retirement and replacement become the major concerns.

    Looking at the management hierarchy within Statistics Canada, we use a microsimulation model first to estimate the expected level of retirements over the next 10 years. We then detail the adjustments to promotion and hiring rates required to replace outgoing managers. We then examine simulated microdata to estimate the experience effects of increasing turnover. Finally, we use the demographic features of the model to examine whether the increasing turnover is likely to increase the representation of women and visible minorities among Statistics Canada managers.

    Given the assumptions outlined in the paper, we find that increasing turnover rates in the next 10 years will generally not reduce management experience to below recently observed levels. We also find that given equal promotion rates for men and women, the representation rate of women among Statistics Canada managers is likely to increase rapidly in coming years. On the other hand, visible minority representation among managers will likely stall for several years, even with proactive recruitment and advancement policies.

    Release date: 2002-08-08
  • 518. Working Smarter: The Skill Bias of Computer Technologies Archived
    Articles and reports: 71-584-M2002003
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper explores the relationship between employers' computer technology investments and employees' training and education, with emphasis on the education of new hires.

    Release date: 2002-07-05
  • 519. What determines labour market success for recent culture graduates? Archived
    Articles and reports: 87-004-X20010046202
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article looks at the labour market experiences of recent culture graduates, with a focus on comparing university graduates with their community college and collège d'enseignement général et professionel (CEGEP) counterparts.

    Release date: 2002-06-19
  • 520. The Trend to Smaller Producers in Manufacturing: A Canada/U.S. Comparison Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2002003
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines small producers in the Canadian and U.S. manufacturing sectors in terms of output and employment from the early 1970s to the late 1990s.

    Release date: 2002-05-23
Data (312)

Data (312) (60 to 70 of 312 results)

Analysis (363)

Analysis (363) (50 to 60 of 363 results)

  • 51. Expectations and Labour Market Outcomes of Doctoral Graduates from Canadian Universities Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2011089
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This report examines the expectations and labour force outcomes of a recent doctoral graduating class by drawing from two different data sources that surveyed the same individuals at two different points in time. The first is the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED), which interviewed the doctoral graduates at the time of their graduation in 2005. The second source is the National Graduates Survey (NGS), which interviewed them again in 2007.

    The study provides a profile of doctoral holders two years after graduation by examining their demographics and program characteristics as well as their expectations at the time of graduation. It also analyses their mobility patterns, with a particular focus on graduates who moved to the United States. Finally it examines the graduates' labour market outcomes, including employment rates, income, industry and the prevalence of over-qualification as compared to the graduates' expectations.

    Release date: 2011-01-06
  • 52. Temporary employment in the downturn Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X201011113260
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article tracks trends in temporary employment since the Labour Force Survey (LFS) began measuring it from 1997 to 2009 with particular attention to the recent economic downturn. It also examines the earnings gap between temporary and permanent positions and looks at whether that gap changed during the recent employment slowdown.

    Release date: 2010-12-20
  • 53. Labour Market Experiences of Youth After Leaving School: Exploring the Effect of Educational Pathways over Time Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2010087
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This report examines the link between educational pathways and labour market outcomes of youth from all 5 cycles of the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS-Cohort B). The educational pathways are organized according to three major criteria: (1) No postsecondary education, (2) Direct route to postsecondary education, and (3) Indirect route to postsecondary education. Data from Cycle 5 of YITS, when youth were aged 26 to 28, provide a relatively complete examination of labour market outcomes as rising rates of participation in postsecondary education in Canada have led to a delay in entry into the labour market for many young adults. The current report focuses on two labour market outcomes full-year employment and annual earnings' at two different time points -- 1 to 2 years and 5 to 6 years after respondents have left school on a full-time basis. Results highlight the positive influence of a university education on labour market outcomes, especially several years after leaving school. Moreover, there is some weak evidence to suggest that university graduates who delayed going to a postsecondary program were more likely than their counterparts who had not delayed to be employed several years after leaving school.

    Release date: 2010-12-17
  • 54. Employment patterns of postsecondary students Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X201010913256
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article examines long-term trends in employment for postsecondary students. The rate of employment, hours of work and employment earnings of male and female students are covered. How other student characteristics relate to employment is also addressed. Particular attention is paid to student employment during labour market downturns.

    Release date: 2010-09-29
  • 55. Labour market activity among seniors Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X201010713253
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Most Canadians retire by the age of 65. Some, however, continue to work well into their senior years. This article uses census data to study labour market activity among senior men and women. Trends in seniors employment rates and occupational and industrial profiles are outlined. In addition, 2006 data are used to study factors associated with employment and work intensity.

    Release date: 2010-09-21
  • 56. Characteristics and Labour Market Outcomes of Internationally-educated Immigrants Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-595-M2010084
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The successful integration of immigrants into the Canadian labour market is of interest to Canadian public policy and to current and potential immigrants, alike. Using data from the 2006 Census of Population, this report aims to develop a better understanding of the integration of internationally-trained educated immigrants into the Canadian labour market compared to those (Canadian-born or other immigrants) who completed their education in Canada i.e., Are they working in an occupation related to their field of study or in an equivalent occupation? What are their working conditions and earnings? In doing so, this report presents a socio-demographic profile of internationally-educated immigrants upon their arrival in Canada and examines their labour market outcomes by time elapsed since landing.

    Release date: 2010-09-09
  • 57. Manufacturing Employment in Resource Value Chains : A Rural-urban Comparison from 2001 to 2008 Archived
    Articles and reports: 21-006-X2008005
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Employment in manufacturing in Canada has fluctuated over recent decades. The level reached a historically high in 2004 and has been declining since that time.

    In 2008, over one-half (54%) of all Canadian manufacturing workers were employed in the value chain of a resource sector.

    In 2008, resource sector manufacturing employment was relatively more important in rural and small town areas (69% of manufacturing employment and 9% of total employment) compared to larger urban centres (50% of manufacturing employment and 6% of total employment).

    In the 2001 to 2008 period, resource manufacturing employment became a larger share of total manufacturing employment (up from 51% to 54%) because resource manufacturing employment declined less (-6%) compared to the decline of all 'other' manufacturing employment (-18%).

    Also, in the 2001 to 2008 period, resource manufacturing employment become relatively more important in rural and small town areas as the decline (-3%) was smaller in rural and small town areas compared to the decline in larger urban centres (-7%).

    Within rural and small town areas at the Canada level, 9% of total employment in 2008 was resource sector manufacturing employment. This ranged from 14% within the rural and small town areas of Quebec to 2% within the rural and small town areas of Saskatchewan.

    Within rural and small town areas in 2008, employment in wood processing accounted for the largest share of resource sector manufacturing employment (43%).

    Release date: 2010-08-31
  • 58. Self-employment in the downturn Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X201010313245
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    During the recent employment downturn, self-employment was one source of employment growth. This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey to examine the sources and characteristics of the recent increase in self-employment, the dynamics of entry into and exit out of self-employment, and to assess the extent to which those who lost paid jobs early in the recession might account for the subsequent surge in self-employment.

    Release date: 2010-06-22
  • 59. Women's participation and economic downturns Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X201010513249
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this article examines the evolution of the employment rate and work hours of wives whose husbands suffered job loss during the last three labour market downturns: 1981 to 1983, 1990 to 1992 and 2008 to 2009.

    Release date: 2010-06-22
  • 60. Canada's employment downturn Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200911211048
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The Canadian labour market recently experienced its worst downturn since the recession of the early 1990s. Since employment last peaked in October 2008, employment declined by 2.3%, or 400,000 individuals. This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey to examine variations in employment levels from October 2008 to October 2009 across a variety of personal and job characteristics. Comparisons are also made with earlier recessions and the U.S. labour market.

    Release date: 2010-03-23
Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

  • 1. They're Here to Farm Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 96-328-M2004022
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This activity focuses on the contribution of immigrants to Canadian agriculture, highlighting which countries they come from and why, and what types of farms they prefer.

    Release date: 2005-01-28
  • 2. Another measure of employment Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-001-X19960042907
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The employment/population ratio is a good barometer of the state of the economy and an important though little-used labour market indicator. This article takes a look at the ratio's strengths and limitations, as well as its variation since 1946. Provincial and international comparisons are included.

    Release date: 1996-12-03
  • 3. Alternative Measures of the Average Duration of Unemployment Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0019M1995083
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines the robustness of a measure of the average complete duration of unemployment in Canada to a host of assumptions used in its derivation. In contrast to the average incomplete duration of unemployment, which is a lagging cyclical indicator, this statistic is a coincident indicator of the business cycle. The impact of using a steady state as opposed to a non steady state assumption, as well as the impact of various corrections for response bias are explored. It is concluded that a non steady state estimator would be a valuable compliment to the statistics on unemployment duration that are currently released by many statistical agencies, and particularly Statistics Canada.

    Release date: 1995-12-30
  • 4. Alternative measures of unemployment Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-001-X1992004140
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study illustrates quarterly trends in unemployment rates based on alternative measures. By all of the indicators studies there was an overall increase in unemployment during the early 1990s.

    Release date: 1992-12-01
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