Employment and unemployment

All (623) (60 to 70 of 623 results)

• 61. Immigrant labour market outcomes during recessions: Comparing the early 1990s, late 2000s and COVID-19 recessions

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200003

  Description:

  The labour market outcomes of recently arrived immigrants are often more negatively affected during recessions than those of the Canadian-born. Entering the labour market during a recession may also result in “scarring” effects for both immigrants and Canadian-born workers—the notion that the effects of entering a labour market during a period of high unemployment persists years into the future. However, the severity and characteristics of recessions vary significantly and may affect immigrants’ outcomes differently. This paper compares immigrants’ outcomes during the past three recessions.

  Release date: 2022-02-23

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• 62. International students as a source of labour supply: Engagement in the labour market after graduation

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101200002

  Description:

  The number of international students has grown considerably worldwide, primarily from developing countries to Western developed countries. In recent years, Canada has led other major Western countries in the growth of international students. The opportunity for international students to work in Canada after graduation and to potentially become permanent residents, and ultimately Canadian citizens, is considered a draw factor for prospective international students. When international students decide to stay and work in Canada after graduation, one of the main avenues to do so is through the Post-Graduation Work Permit Program (PGWPP). This article examines the trends in the number and share of international students participating in the PGWPP and the share of PGWP holders with employment income and their earnings levels. The transitions of PGWP holders to permanent residency are also examined.

  Release date: 2022-01-18

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• 63. International students as a source of labour supply: Engagement in the labour market during the period of study

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101100001

  Description:

  While the primary reason for international students being in Canada is for study purposes, they may also participate in the labour market. Increases over the past two decades in the number of international students, alongside programs designed to facilitate their availability to work while studying, parallel a growing role played by this population in the Canadian labour market. This article assesses the extent to which international students who intended to study at the postsecondary level were engaged in the labour market.

  Release date: 2021-11-24

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• 64. The labour market outcomes of economic immigrants in the skilled trades

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101100003

  Description:

  Since the 1990s, Canadian immigration policy has emphasized human capital, particularly education and language proficiency, in the selection of economic immigrants. While immigration and the domestic educational system continuously increase the supply of a university-educated labour force, there has been concern that skilled trades are an often-overlooked career option for many secondary school graduates, and that this may lead to labour shortages in skilled trades. This article examines trends in the number of economic immigrant principal applicants who intended to work in skilled trades, their sociodemographic characteristics, and their employment and earnings outcomes. Also, comparisons are made with other economic immigrant principal applicants.

  Release date: 2021-11-24

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• 65. Labour market outcomes of journeypersons designated as visible minorities

  Articles and reports: 81-595-M2021005

  Description:

  Using data from Statistics Canada's Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform, this study examines populations designated as visible minorities in the skilled trades. The labour market outcomes one year after certification of journeypersons designated as visible minorities, who received certificates in the skilled trades between 2008 and 2017, were compared with the outcomes of journeypersons who are not visible minorities.

  Release date: 2021-11-08

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• 66. Work experiences of women with disabilities

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101000004

  Description:

  This study used data from the 2017 Canadian Survey on Disability to examine differences in work experiences between women and men aged 20 to 54 with a disability. These experiences capture the barriers that persons with disabilities reported encountering in their jobs, workplaces, and the labour market.

  Release date: 2021-10-27

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• 67. The achievements, experiences and labour market outcomes of First Nations, Métis and Inuit women with bachelor's degrees or higher

  Articles and reports: 75-006-X202100100009

  Description:

  This study examines the educational attainment and labour market outcomes of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit women primarily aged 25 to 64 using data from the 2006 and 2016 Census of Population, the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey and the 2018 National Graduates Survey. Comparisons are made to the non-Indigenous population, across Indigenous-identity groups, and between the sexes.

  Release date: 2021-10-20

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• 68. Bridging the gap between the displaced and in-demand occupations Archived

  Articles and reports: 11-522-X202100100004

  Description:

  With labour market uncertainty increasing across Canada, there is a need for innovative ways to help displaced workers to re-skill/up-skill and potentially pivot to in-demand occupations. In our study, we present a unique approach to bridge the gap between the displaced and in-demand occupations and provide a machine learning framework that may be able to forecast employment by NAICS for 6 months. We have combined the monthly employment data from Statistics Canada’s Survey of Employment and Payroll Hours, and the monthly job ads counts from Burning Glass to achieve our goal. Our approach consists of three steps: 1.        Finding the displaced occupations in Alberta over the last 7 years based on the integrated actual employment and job ads count data. Step. 2. Using the list of displaced occupations, a unique pivot graph is developed to map a displaced occupation to a list of in-demand occupations which have skills similar to the chosen displaced occupation. Step 3.  Applying SARIMA and SARIMAX models to forecast employment for 6 months. The above approaches are aimed at assisting public policy and planning

  Key Words: Employment; Labour Market; Job Ads; Skills; Time Series Analysis; Forecasting.

  Release date: 2021-10-15

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• 69. Immigrant entrepreneurs in Canada: Highlights from recent studies

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900001

  Description:

  This paper highlights the main findings of the Immigrant Entrepreneurs research program initiated by the Research and Evaluation Branch of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and Statistics Canada.

  Release date: 2021-09-22

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• 70. Gender-related differences in the career advancement of women in Canada

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900002

  Description:

  In Canada, the gender wage gap continues to persist and nearly two-thirds of the gap was still unexplained by standard factors such as level of education, job attributes, proportions of women and men in higher-paying occupations or industries, and demographics. This points to a continued need for analysis in this area in order to better understand gender-based wage disparity, including gender-related biases in career advancement. Using new content developed in the 2016 General Social Survey (GSS Cycle 30): Canadians at Work and Home, this study investigates the possible existence and magnitude of gender-related biases in career advancement that may prevent women from advancing in their careers.

  Release date: 2021-09-22

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Analysis (623) (0 to 10 of 623 results)

• 1. Temporary foreign workers in primary agriculture in Canada: Transition from temporary residency to permanent residency and industry retention after transition

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300001

  Description: The agricultural sector in Canada has relied increasingly on temporary foreign workers (TFWs) to fill the longstanding labour shortage. The number of TFWs in crop production, animal production and aquaculture, and support activities for crop and animal production more than tripled between 2005 and 2020. This study examines the transition to permanent residency (PR) of TFWs in primary agriculture and the retention in the sector among those who obtained PR. The study focuses on TFWs whose first employment was in primary agriculture and who entered the sector between 2005 and 2020.

  Release date: 2024-03-27

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• 2. Foreign workers in Canada: Labour force attachment among temporary residents with paid employment in 2019

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300005

  Description: Temporary residents constitute an important supply of labour for the Canadian economy. However, some of them do not work in a given year, even when holding a valid work permit. This article estimates the share of temporary residents who had paid employment but were “weakly attached” to the Canadian labour market in 2019.

  Release date: 2024-03-27

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• 3. Immigration and the shifting occupational distribution in Canada, 2001 to 2021

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300006

  Description: Research generally supports the idea that technological change has favoured the demand for workers in occupations requiring higher levels of education and skills and negatively affected employment in occupations requiring lower skill levels. This article assesses the changes over the past two decades in the occupational skill level of employment in Canada, with a focus on the role of immigration in the changing occupational structure.

  Release date: 2024-03-27

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• 4. The socioeconomic portrait of the Indigenous farm population in Canada, 2021

  Articles and reports: 96-325-X202100100020

  Description: Indigenous Peoples are an integral part of the farm population and have been contributing to the agricultural landscape of what is now Canada for many centuries before the arrival of settlers. This article provides a socioeconomic portrait of the Indigenous farm population, touching on population changes, gender, age, education, type of farming activity and income.

  Release date: 2024-03-07

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• 5. The improvement in the labour market outcomes of recent immigrants since the mid-2010s

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400200004

  Description: Several factors may have contributed to the improved labour market outcomes for recent immigrants since the mid-2010s, such as the expansion of the two-step immigration selection process and the introduction of the Express Entry system in 2015. This article presents updated analyses regarding the employment and earnings outcomes of recent immigrants. It also discusses factors that might influence these outcomes in the near term.

  Release date: 2024-02-28

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• 6. Early career quality of employment of Indigenous graduates with a bachelor’s degree, 2010 to 2018 cohorts

  Articles and reports: 81-595-M2023005

  Description: Using a database that integrates anonymized data from the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) with data from the 2016 Census, the 2021 Census and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this article will examine demographic characteristics of Indigenous graduates at the bachelor level, as well as certain job quality indicators, such as annual employment income level, unionization rate and pension plan coverage rate, at the beginning of their career, that is two years after graduating.

  Release date: 2024-02-21

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• 7. Ensuring that the Labour Force Survey Remains the Cornerstone of Canada’s Labour Market Information Ecosystem

  Articles and reports: 75-005-M2024001

  Description: From 2010 to 2019, the Labour Force Survey (LFS) response rate – or the proportion of selected households who complete an LFS interview – had been on a slow downward trend, due to a range of social and technological changes which have made it more challenging to contact selected households and to persuade Canadians to participate when they are contacted. These factors were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in the suspension of face-to-face interviewing between April 2020 and fall 2022. Statistics Canada is committed to restoring LFS response rates to the greatest extent possible. This technical paper discusses two initiatives that are underway to ensure that the LFS estimates continue to provide an accurate and representative portrait of the Canadian labour market.

  Release date: 2024-02-16

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• 8. Temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the accommodation and food services industry: Transition to permanent residency and industrial retention after transition

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100001

  Description: In recent years, foreign workers have become an important source of labour in the accommodation and food services industry in Canada. This study examines the characteristics of temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations who had their first Canadian employment in the accommodation and food services industry from 2000 to 2020, as well as their cumulative rates of transition to permanent residency and retention in that industry. This study also compares these outcomes with those of temporary foreign workers with higher-skill occupations and study permit holders employed in the industry.

  Release date: 2024-01-24

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• 9. The short-term labour market outcomes of blended visa office-referred refugees

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100003

  Description: In 2013, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada introduced a new refugee resettlement category called the Blended Visa Office-Referred Program. This admission stream combined the core principles of IRCC’s Government-Assisted Refugees program and the Private Sponsorship of Refugees program. This study asks two questions. First, what are the economic outcomes of BVOR refugees who have been admitted to Canada since 2013? Second, how do these outcomes compare with those of other resettled refugees who were admitted through the GAR and Private Sponsorship of Refugees programs?

  Release date: 2024-01-24

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• 10. Temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the food manufacturing industry: Transition to permanent residency and industrial retention after transition

  Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100004

  Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on the roles played by temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the food manufacturing sector, and concerns have been raised about whether they have sufficient pathways to become permanent residents and whether they stay in the sector after obtaining their permanent residency. This study focuses on these workers and examines their transition to permanent residency and their industrial retention after immigration.

  Release date: 2024-01-24

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