Immigrants in the labour market

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  • 41. A Canada–U.S. Comparison of the Economic Outcomes of STEM Immigrants
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020016
    Description:

    In both Canada and the United States, immigrants constitute a disproportionately large share of the supply of university-educated labour trained in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. This article examines the Canada–U.S. differences in the occupational skill utilization and earnings of STEM-educated immigrant workers. Using data from the 2016 Census for Canada and the combined 2015 to 2017 American Community Survey, this analysis focuses on immigrants with a university degree in a STEM field who were aged 25 to 64 and arrived as adults.

    Release date: 2020-09-28
  • 42. Study: A Canada–US Comparison of the Economic Outcomes of STEM Immigrants Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202027225804
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2020-09-28
  • 43. Immigration and Firm Productivity: Evidence from the Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020014
    Description:

    Previous studies on the impact of immigration on productivity in developed countries remain inconclusive, and most analyses are abstracted from firms where production actually takes place. This study examines the empirical relationship between immigration and firm-level productivity in Canada. It uses a data file derived from linking the Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database that tracks firms over time with the Longitudinal Immigration Data file (IMDB) that includes sociodemographic characteristics at landing for immigrants who arrived in Canada after 1980.

    Release date: 2020-09-14
  • 44. Persistent overqualification among immigrants and non-immigrants
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202000100004
    Description:

    Using integrated data from the 2006 and 2016 censuses, this study examines persistent overqualification over time among immigrants and non-immigrants. More specifically, the study examines the link between various characteristics associated with immigration and the probability of overqualification in both 2006 and 2016.

    Release date: 2020-09-02
  • 45. Transitions into and out of employment by immigrants during the COVID-19 lockdown and recovery Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100070
    Description:

    During the widespread lockdown of economic activities in March and April 2020, the Canadian labour market lost 3 million jobs. From May to July, as many businesses gradually resumed their operations, 1.7 million jobs were recovered. While studies in the United States and Europe suggest that immigrants are often more severely affected by economic downturns than the native born, little is known about whether immigrants and the Canadian born fared differently in the employment disruption induced by the COVID-19 pandemic and, if so, how such differences are related to their socio-demographic and job characteristics. This paper fills this gap by comparing immigrants and the Canadian-born population in their transitions out of employment in the months of heavy contraction and into employment during the months of partial recovery.

    Release date: 2020-08-20
  • 46. Study: Transitions into and out of employment by immigrants during the COVID-19 lockdown and recovery Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202023325743
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2020-08-20
  • 47. Study: Selecting economic immigrants from among temporary foreign workers and labour market outcomes by admission programs Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202023124109
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2020-08-18
  • 48. Two-step Immigration Selection: Why Did Immigrant Labour Market Outcomes Vary by Admission Programs?
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2020015
    Description:

    This article examines the role of two-step selection in explaining differences in the short-term and medium-term outcomes of economic immigrants in four major admission programs: Federal Skilled Worker program (FSWP), Provincial Nominee Program (PNP), Quebec Skill Worker (QSWP), and Canadian Experience Class (CEC). These programs are devised to meet various national, regional and sectoral economic needs. The labour market outcomes of economic immigrants in these admission programs are of policy interest because they are often used as indicators of a program’s success. More importantly, the knowledge of which factors underlie the success of one program can help inform the improvement of other programs. It is the fourth of five articles on the two-step selection process.

    Release date: 2020-08-18
  • 49. Two-step Immigration Selection: Skilled Work Experience vs. Pre-arranged Jobs
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2020016
    Description:

    This article asks whether pre-immigration Canadian earnings or pre-arranged job offers are the better predictor of initial labour market outcomes. The data consist of economic principal applicants admitted under Canada’s Express Entry (EE) system over the 2015 to 2016 period, derived from the Longitudinal Immigration Database. Over this two-year period, about 16% of economic principal applicants were selected under the EE system, while the majority were still selected under the pre-EE points system. Only among EE principal applicants is the information on pre-arranged job collected. It is the fifth of five articles on the two-step selection process.

    Release date: 2020-08-18
  • 50. Study: Increasing selection of immigrants from among temporary foreign workers in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202020425143
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2020-07-22
Data (34)

Data (34) (0 to 10 of 34 results)

Analysis (117)

Analysis (117) (0 to 10 of 117 results)

  • 1. Temporary foreign workers in primary agriculture in Canada: Transition from temporary residency to permanent residency and industry retention after transition
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300001
    Description: The agricultural sector in Canada has relied increasingly on temporary foreign workers (TFWs) to fill the longstanding labour shortage. The number of TFWs in crop production, animal production and aquaculture, and support activities for crop and animal production more than tripled between 2005 and 2020. This study examines the transition to permanent residency (PR) of TFWs in primary agriculture and the retention in the sector among those who obtained PR. The study focuses on TFWs whose first employment was in primary agriculture and who entered the sector between 2005 and 2020.
    Release date: 2024-03-27
  • 2. Immigration and the shifting occupational distribution in Canada, 2001 to 2021
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300006
    Description: Research generally supports the idea that technological change has favoured the demand for workers in occupations requiring higher levels of education and skills and negatively affected employment in occupations requiring lower skill levels. This article assesses the changes over the past two decades in the occupational skill level of employment in Canada, with a focus on the role of immigration in the changing occupational structure.
    Release date: 2024-03-27
  • 3. The improvement in the labour market outcomes of recent immigrants since the mid-2010s
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400200004
    Description: Several factors may have contributed to the improved labour market outcomes for recent immigrants since the mid-2010s, such as the expansion of the two-step immigration selection process and the introduction of the Express Entry system in 2015. This article presents updated analyses regarding the employment and earnings outcomes of recent immigrants. It also discusses factors that might influence these outcomes in the near term.
    Release date: 2024-02-28
  • 4. Temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the accommodation and food services industry: Transition to permanent residency and industrial retention after transition
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100001
    Description: In recent years, foreign workers have become an important source of labour in the accommodation and food services industry in Canada. This study examines the characteristics of temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations who had their first Canadian employment in the accommodation and food services industry from 2000 to 2020, as well as their cumulative rates of transition to permanent residency and retention in that industry. This study also compares these outcomes with those of temporary foreign workers with higher-skill occupations and study permit holders employed in the industry.
    Release date: 2024-01-24
  • 5. The short-term labour market outcomes of blended visa office-referred refugees
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100003
    Description: In 2013, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada introduced a new refugee resettlement category called the Blended Visa Office-Referred Program. This admission stream combined the core principles of IRCC’s Government-Assisted Refugees program and the Private Sponsorship of Refugees program. This study asks two questions. First, what are the economic outcomes of BVOR refugees who have been admitted to Canada since 2013? Second, how do these outcomes compare with those of other resettled refugees who were admitted through the GAR and Private Sponsorship of Refugees programs?
    Release date: 2024-01-24
  • 6. Temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the food manufacturing industry: Transition to permanent residency and industrial retention after transition
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400100004
    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on the roles played by temporary foreign workers with lower-skill occupations in the food manufacturing sector, and concerns have been raised about whether they have sufficient pathways to become permanent residents and whether they stay in the sector after obtaining their permanent residency. This study focuses on these workers and examines their transition to permanent residency and their industrial retention after immigration.
    Release date: 2024-01-24
  • 7. The Provincial Nominee Program: Retention in province of landing
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100002
    Description: The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) is designed to contribute to a more equitable distribution of new immigrants across Canada. A related objective is the retention and integration of provincial nominees in the nominating province or territory. This article is the second in a series that examines the characteristics and labour market outcomes of PNP immigrants and examines the retention of PNP immigrants at both the national and provincial or territorial levels. The analysis uses data from the Immigrant Landing File and tax records, along with three indicators of retention, to measure the propensity of a province or territory to retain immigrants.
    Release date: 2023-11-22
  • 8. Foreign workers in Canada: Work permit holders versus employment income records, 2010 to 2022
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301000003
    Description: As the role of temporary foreign workers in Canada’s labour market has grown in significance, it has become essential to accurately measure their numbers for informing policy decisions. Two data sources have often been used to determine the number of temporary foreign workers: data on work permit holders released by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and data based on tax administrative files that identify temporary residents with earnings. This article aims to evaluate the benefits and limitations of these two data sources and compare the trends in the number of temporary foreign workers derived from them.
    Release date: 2023-10-25
  • 9. Foreign workers in Canada: Changing composition and employment incidences of work permit holders
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301000004
    Description: Canada has a long history of recruiting foreign nationals to address temporary labour shortages through a diverse range of work permit programs. Along with a significant increase in the number of work permit holders, there have been large changes in the composition of this population in terms of work permit programs and demographic characteristics. This article aims to examine recent changes in the composition of work permit programs and the proportion of work permit holders reporting employment income.
    Release date: 2023-10-25
  • 10. The Provincial Nominee Program: Its expansion in Canada
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300700004
    Description: The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) was introduced in all provinces, excluding Quebec, and most territories in Canada between 1998 and 2009. Its primary goal was to increase the settlement of economic immigrants outside major Canadian cities and to address the workforce needs of employers, as perceived by the province or territory. This article focuses on the expansion of the PNP in Canada and is part of a series that examines the characteristics and labour market outcomes of PNP immigrants.
    Release date: 2023-07-26
Reference (1)

Reference (1) ((1 result))

  • 1. They're Here to Farm Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 96-328-M2004022
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This activity focuses on the contribution of immigrants to Canadian agriculture, highlighting which countries they come from and why, and what types of farms they prefer.

    Release date: 2005-01-28
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