Earnings by age or sex

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All (77) (0 to 10 of 77 results)

  • 1. Average usual hours and wages by selected characteristics, monthly, unadjusted for seasonality, last 5 months
    Table: 14-10-0320-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Monthly
    Description: Average usual hours and wages of employees (full- and part-time) by age group, sex, union coverage, job permanency, and National Occupational Classification (NOC), last 5 months.
    Release date: 2024-04-05
  • 2. Average usual hours and wages by selected characteristics, monthly, unadjusted for seasonality
    Table: 14-10-0320-02
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Monthly
    Description: Average usual hours and wages of employees (full- and part-time) by age group, sex, union coverage, job permanency, and National Occupational Classification (NOC). Data are presented for 24 months earlier, 12 months earlier and current month, as well as 24-month and year-over-year level change and percentage change.
    Release date: 2024-04-05
  • 3. Wages, salaries and commissions of tax filers aged 15 years and over by sex and age group
    Table: 11-10-0072-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Individuals with wages, salaries and commissions; Tax filers aged 15 years and over with wages, salaries and commissions by sex and age (preliminary T1 Family File; T1FF).
    Release date: 2024-03-06
  • 4. Wages, salaries and commissions of tax filers aged 15 years and over by main industry sector and sex
    Table: 11-10-0073-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Individuals with wages, salaries and commissions; Tax filers aged 15 years and over with wages, salaries and commissions by North American Industry Classification System and sex (preliminary T1 Family File; T1FF).
    Release date: 2024-03-06
  • 5. Average and median gender wage ratio, annual
    Table: 14-10-0417-02
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Average hourly and median hourly gender wage ratio by National Occupational Classification (NOC), type of work, sex, and age group, last 5 years.
    Release date: 2024-01-05
  • 6. The farm operator gender pay gap is narrowing
    Articles and reports: 96-325-X202100100018
    Description: The gender pay gap is a longstanding issue that exists in various industries across Canada, including the agricultural sector. This article provides analysis on the gender pay gap among Canada’s farm operators over time and explores the gender pay gap in 2020 by geography, farm type, revenue class, level of education, field of study, racialized group and population centre.
    Release date: 2023-12-08
  • 7. Intersectional Gender Wage Gap in Canada 2007 to 2022
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202326437084
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2023-09-21
  • 8. Intersectional perspective on the gender wage gap in Canada, 2007 to 2022
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2023049
    Description: This infographic looks at how women from diverse groups experience the gender wage gap differently and how it has changed from 2007 to 2022. It uses data from the Labour Force Survey for paid workers aged 20 to 54, to examine the distinct experiences of diverse groups of women Including Indigenous women, immigrant women and non-Indigenous women born in Canada.
    Release date: 2023-09-21
  • 9. Intersectional Perspective on the Canadian Gender Wage Gap
    Articles and reports: 45-20-00022023002
    Description: Using the Labour Force Survey (LFS) from 2007 to 2022, this article examines how aggregate statistics of the gender wage gap (GWG) from 2007 to 2022 mask the distinct experiences of diverse population groups, namely Indigenous and immigrant population compared to wage gap among Canadian-born men and women, and how various factors that underlie the observed GWGs will determine whether each population group faces unique challenges or whether they share common challenges.
    Release date: 2023-09-21
  • 10. Labour income profile of tax filers by sex
    Table: 11-10-0031-01
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Individuals; Labour income profile of tax filers by sex (final T1 Family File; T1FF).
    Release date: 2023-07-12
Data (23)

Data (23) (0 to 10 of 23 results)

Analysis (54)

Analysis (54) (30 to 40 of 54 results)

  • 31. Long-run Inequality and Annual Instability of Men's and Women's Earnings in Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2008311
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines the variability of workers' earnings in Canada over the 1982-to-2000 period by a graphical descriptive approach using the Longitudinal Administrative Data base file. Following Gottschalk and Moffitt (1994), we decompose the total variance of workers' earnings into a 'permanent' or long-run component between workers and a 'transitory' or year-to-year earnings instability component over time for given workers. The decomposition is applied to a five-year moving window. Several results are found. First, the general rise in total earnings variance over the period reflects quite different patterns of change for its separate components. Long-run earnings inequality has generally increased over the period, while year-to-year earnings instability has pretty steadily decreased. Changes in the total earnings variability have been driven primarily by changes in long-run earnings inequality. Second, the patterns of change in the two variance components showed substantial differences between men and women. Since the early 1990s, long-run earnings inequality continued to rise for men, but it markedly decreased for women. Since the late 1980s, earnings instability fell quite steadily for women, but it showed a more cyclical pattern for men. Third, the patterns across ages of the two variance components are almost opposite. Long-run earnings inequality generally rises with age, so it is markedly highest among older-age workers. Earnings instability, in contrast, generally declines with age, so it is markedly highest among entry-age workers.

    Release date: 2008-12-18
  • 32. The Demographic Foundations of Rising Employment and Earnings Among Single Mothers in Canada and the United States, 1980 to 2000 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2008305
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Despite comparatively modest welfare reforms in Canada relative to those of the United States, employment rates and earnings among single mothers have risen by virtually identical magnitudes in the two countries since 1980. We show that most of the gains in Canada and a substantial share of the change in the United States were the result of the dynamics of cohort replacement and population aging as the large and better educated baby boom generation replaced earlier cohorts and began entering their forties. In both countries, demographic effects were the main factor accounting for higher employment and earnings among older (40 and over) single mothers. Changes among younger single mothers, in contrast, were mainly the result of changes in labour market behaviour and other unmeasured variables. Overall, demographic changes dominated in Canada but not in the United States for two reasons: (a) Canadian single mothers are significantly older than their U.S. counterparts; and, (b) consistent with the welfare reform thesis, the magnitude of behavioural change among younger single mothers was much larger in the United States.

    Release date: 2008-03-07
  • 33. Has Higher Education Among Young Women Substantially Reduced the Gender Gap in Employment and Earnings? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2007301
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Young women have gained considerable ground on young men in terms of educational attainment in the 1990s. The objective of this study is to assess the role of rapidly rising educational attainment among young women in raising their relative position in the labour market. The findings suggest that the educational trends have not contributed towards a decline in the full-time employment gap. Nevertheless, they have contributed towards a decline in the gender earnings gap, especially in the 1990s. However, university-educated women have lost ground to university-educated men. This is likely due to the fact that men and women continued to choose traditional disciplines during the 1990s, but only male-dominated disciplines saw improvements in average earnings.

    Release date: 2007-06-12
  • 34. The Evolution of the Gender Earnings Gap Amongst Canadian University Graduates Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2004235
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper reports the results of an empirical analysis of the gender earnings gap among recent Canadian bachelor-level university graduates. Hours of work are the single most important influence on the gap; past work experience, job characteristics, family status, province of residence, and language have smaller and more mixed effects.

    Release date: 2004-11-30
  • 35. The "Who, What, When and Where" of Gender Pay Differentials Archived
    Articles and reports: 71-584-M2002004
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper addresses pay differentials between the sexes in terms of the characteristics of the individual worker, the tasks of the worker, the employment contract between the worker and the workplace, and the contribution of specific workplace characteristics to these pay differentials.

    Release date: 2002-07-30
  • 36. Wives, Mothers and Wages: Does Timing Matter? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002186
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Current trends in marriage and fertility patterns suggest that young Canadian women are delaying family formation and concentrating on developing their careers. Using data from the 1998 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this study provides Canadian evidence on the effect of marital status and parenthood status on the wage rates of Canadian women. As well, this paper attempts to determine whether decisions regarding the timing of family formation influence the wages of women and whether these decisions have a permanent or temporary impact on earnings. The main results of the paper are as follows.

    After controlling for differences in work history, labour force qualifications and selected job characteristics, the cross sectional analysis suggests that there is no association between marital status and wages while the evidence on the relationship between wages and motherhood is mixed.

    When controls for years with children were included, there is a positive association of motherhood with wages that persists in the early years of motherhood but declines as the number of years with children lengthens. These results support the specialization, selection, differential treatment by employers and the work effort explanations for differences in the wages of mothers relative to other women. There is no such finding for married women and the duration of marriage.

    It is a well-documented fact that the acquisition of job-related skills and significant wage growth is concentrated at the start of workers' careers - which generally coincides with decisions regarding marriage and children. If this is the case, then the timing of marriage and children may be considered proxies for omitted, unobserved characteristics, related to human capital skills, differentiated work history or labour force attachment. Conforming to theoretical expectations when the timing of children is taken into account, women that postpone having children earn at least 6.0% more than women who have children early. There is no significant association between the timing of marriage and wages.

    The observed relationship between women's wages and their decision to delay having children tends to persist after the birth of their first child but tends to decline over time. Thus, augmented family responsibilities will tend to reduce any initial wage differentials based on delays of assuming these responsibilities.

    Release date: 2002-05-01
  • 37. The male-female wage gap Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X20010126036
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The issue of male-female wage inequality is complex, and requires analysis from a number of different perspectives. This article demonstrates the importance of measurement, decomposition techniques and differences in the gap along the wage scale.

    Release date: 2001-12-17
  • 38. The Persistent Gap: New Evidence on the Canadian Gender Wage Gap Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001157
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) to investigate the extent to which factors not previously explored in the Canadian context account for wage differences between men and women. Like other studies using standard decomposition techniques and controlling for a variety of productivity-related characteristics, the results demonstrate that men still enjoy a wage advantage over women: women's average hourly wage rate is about 84% - 89% of the men's average. Unlike other studies, controls for work experience and job-related responsibilities are used. Gender differences in full-year, full-time work experience explain at most, 12% of the gender wage gap. Gender differences in the opportunity to supervise and to perform certain tasks account for about 5% of the gender wage gap. Yet despite the long list of productivity related factors, a substantial portion of the gender wage gap cannot be explained.

    Many studies rely on measures such as age or potential experience (= age minus number of years of schooling minus six) as a proxy for actual labour market. Neither of these measures account for complete withdrawals from the labour market nor for restrictions on the number of hours worked per week or on the number of weeks worked per year due to family-related responsibilities. The results show that proxies for experience yield larger adjusted gender wage gaps than when actual experience is used.

    Release date: 2001-01-30
  • 39. The Gender Composition and Wages: Why is Canada Different from the United States? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2000140
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The correlation of occupational gender composition and wages is the basis of pay equity/comparable worth legislation. A number of previous studies have examined this correlation in US data, identifying some of the determinants of low wages in "female jobs", as well as important limitations of public policy in this area. There is little evidence, however, from other jurisdictions. This omission is particularly disturbing in the case of Canada, which now has some of the most extensive pay equity legislation in the world. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture, circa the late 1980's, of the occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. We also draw explicit comparisons of our findings to evidence for the United States. We find that the link between female wages and gender composition is much stronger in the United States than in Canada, where it is generally small and not statistically significant. The relatively more advantageous position of women in female jobs in Canada is found to be linked to higher unionization rates and the industry-wage effects of "public goods" sectors.

    Release date: 2000-09-05
  • 40. The Persistent Gap: New Evidence on the Canadian Gender Wage Gap Archived
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M1999008
    Description:

    This article investigates the extent to which factors not previously explored in the Canadian context account for wage differences between men and women. It uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

    Release date: 1999-12-20
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