International trade

This infographic presents results from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy relating to the connections of Canadian business to global markets. Data refer to activities in 2017.

Percentage of enterprises for which specific obstacles to exporting or attempting to export goods or services were not at all difficult, somewhat difficult, difficult, very difficult or not applicable, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Obstacles to exporting or attempting to export include administrative obstacles and resource limitations—Canadian legal or administrative obstacles, foreign legal or administrative obstacles, foreign tariffs or trade barriers, concerns over intellectual property (IP) protection, access to financing, lack of internal resources or capacity, and lack of management know-how; external barriers—efficiency, capacity or reliability of transportation infrastructures, and shipping costs; market obstacles—identifying foreign customers, obtaining knowledge on markets of interest, identifying foreign partners, suppliers or distributors, uncertainty of foreign or international standards, and receiving payment from foreign customers; and other obstacles—all other obstacles to exporting or attempting to export.

Percentage of enterprises that imported goods or services from a business operating outside Canada to resell them “as-is”, use them in production of other goods or services, or use them to support business activities, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Percentage of enterprises that exported and did not export goods or services outside Canada, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Enterprises that exported are broken down into exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export to additional markets, and exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export additional goods or services. Enterprises that did not export are broken down into non-exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export.

Percentage of enterprises that sold goods or services to another business in Canada that then exported these goods or services "as-is", or used the goods as intermediate inputs in a final good that was then exported, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Percentage of enterprises that had mixed modes of import of goods or services, direct export of goods or services, and sales of goods or services that were then exported "as-is" (indirect exporter) or used as intermediate inputs and then exported (intermediary exporter), by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Norway using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Switzerland using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Australia using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with India using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

Percentage of enterprises for which specific obstacles to exporting or attempting to export goods or services were not at all difficult, somewhat difficult, difficult, very difficult or not applicable, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Obstacles to exporting or attempting to export include administrative obstacles and resource limitations—Canadian legal or administrative obstacles, foreign legal or administrative obstacles, foreign tariffs or trade barriers, concerns over intellectual property (IP) protection, access to financing, lack of internal resources or capacity, and lack of management know-how; external barriers—efficiency, capacity or reliability of transportation infrastructures, and shipping costs; market obstacles—identifying foreign customers, obtaining knowledge on markets of interest, identifying foreign partners, suppliers or distributors, uncertainty of foreign or international standards, and receiving payment from foreign customers; and other obstacles—all other obstacles to exporting or attempting to export.

Percentage of enterprises that imported goods or services from a business operating outside Canada to resell them “as-is”, use them in production of other goods or services, or use them to support business activities, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Percentage of enterprises that exported and did not export goods or services outside Canada, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Enterprises that exported are broken down into exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export to additional markets, and exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export additional goods or services. Enterprises that did not export are broken down into non-exporters with unsuccessful attempts to export.

Percentage of enterprises that sold goods or services to another business in Canada that then exported these goods or services "as-is", or used the goods as intermediate inputs in a final good that was then exported, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Percentage of enterprises that had mixed modes of import of goods or services, direct export of goods or services, and sales of goods or services that were then exported "as-is" (indirect exporter) or used as intermediate inputs and then exported (intermediary exporter), by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Norway using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Switzerland using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with Australia using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with India using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This product gathers information from various statistical programs and illustrates the nature and the extent of Canada's economic and financial relationship with the Republic of Korea using interactive graphics and tables. The statistical information is presented according to four main topics: trade, investment, employment and travel. Key indicators are available for each of the topics. Users can link to more detailed data as well as information regarding definitions, concepts and methods.

This infographic, entitled Export Diversification, presents results on the diversification of Canadian domestic exports, seen through three lenses, namely those of product, market of destination and province of production. Statistics at the national and provincial levels are drawn from the new CANSIM table 282-0082 and the Canadian International Merchandise Trade Database.

This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the first two quarters of 2017 and into the summer months. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available in CANSIM on October 6, 2017.

This Canadian Megatrends article takes a look at Canada’s exports over time, and the role they played in the country’s economic growth.

This study examines the role that retailers in shopping centres played in the CMA of Vancouver in 2016. The Canadian retail sector has undergone a major transformation in the past ten years with the development of online shopping. Many store based retailers have adopted an omni channel distribution strategy, creating their own e-commerce retail sites, while maintaining a physical store front presence. As one part of this strategy, many store based retailers are continuing to maintain their store fronts at shopping centres. In addition, shopping mall owners are trying to encourage more foot traffic at their malls by rebranding the shopping experience by offering entertainment services and additional food options. As a consequence, information on the sales of retailers located at shopping centres is becoming more important for both shopping centres developers and urban planners.

The papers published in the Analysis in Brief analytical series shed light on current economic issues. Aimed at a general audience, they cover a wide range of topics including National Accounts, business enterprises, trade, transportation, agriculture, the environment, manufacturing, science and technology, services, etc.

Gasoline and fuel oil, products whose price movements closely reflect underlying changes in the price of crude oil, have a greater influence on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the Atlantic Provinces compared with the rest of Canada. This paper explores how the higher basket shares for gasoline and fuel oil in Atlantic Canada help shed light on why these oil-linked products have a greater influence on the rate of inflation in this region.

Trade patterns with the U.S. on a regional basis highlight the integration of industries between the two countries; proximity, transport infrastructure and government policy have all contributed to these interdependencies. Indeed, for the year 2016, 11 of Canada’s top 20 trading partners were U.S. states.

This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the second half of 2016 and early 2017. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available in CANSIM on April 7, 2017.

The Canadian Export Classification is a structured, hierarchical classification system based on the Harmonized Description and Coding System. The HS nomenclature is divided into 21 Sections, which in general, group goods produced in the same sector of the economy.

Beginning in November 2014, International Trade in goods data will be provided on a Balance of Payments (BOP) basis for additional country detail. In publishing this data, BOP-based exports to and imports from 27 countries, referred to as Canada’s Principal Trading Partners (PTPs), will be highlighted for the first time. BOP-based trade in goods data will be available for countries such as China and Mexico, Brazil and India, South Korea, and our largest European Union trading partners, in response to substantial demand for information on these countries in recent years. Until now, Canada’s geographical trading patterns have been examined almost exclusively through analysis of Customs-based trade data. Moreover, BOP trade in goods data for these countries will be available alongside the now quarterly Trade in Services data as well as annual Foreign Direct Investment data for many of these Principal Trading Partners, facilitating country-level international trade and investment analysis using fully comparable data. The objective of this article is to introduce these new measures. This note will first walk users through the key BOP concepts, most importantly the concept of change in ownership. This will serve to familiarize analysts with the Balance of Payments framework for analyzing country-level data, in contrast to Customs-based trade data. Second, some preliminary analysis will be reviewed to illustrate the concepts, with provisional estimates for BOP-based trade with China serving as the principal example. Lastly, we will outline the expansion of quarterly trade in services to generate new estimates of trade for the PTPs and discuss future work in trade statistics.

Canadian international merchandise trade data are released monthly and may be revised in subsequent releases as new information becomes available. These data are released approximately 35 days following the close of the reference period and represent one of the timeliest economic indicators produced by Statistics Canada. Given their timeliness, some of the data are not received in time and need to be estimated or modelled. This is the case for imports and exports of crude petroleum and natural gas. More specifically, at the time of release, energy trade data are based on an incomplete set of information and are revised as Statistics Canada and National Energy Board information becomes available in the subsequent months. Due to the increasing importance of energy imports and exports and the timeliness of the data, the revisions to energy prices and volumes are having an increasingly significant impact on the monthly revision to Canada’s trade balance. This note explains how the estimates in the initial release are made when data sources are not yet available, and how the original data are adjusted in subsequent releases.

This is an update of the 2009 article Revisions to international merchandise trade statistics, accounting for changes resulting from increased timeliness in the release of merchandise trade statistics.

This paper presents the background, methodological change and implementation of the revised real import and export adjustments that account for exchange rate fluctuations.

Statistics Canada produces monthly import and export merchandise trade price indexes. For the majority of these prices, Statistics Canada uses a variety of proxy measures to derive the price index in lieu of collecting observed import and export prices. The ability of these proxy measures to reflect international trade price movements during times of exchange rate volatility is limited. For this reason, the constant dollar trade estimates derived using these proxy price indexes have been refined with constant dollar adjustments following the appreciation of the Canadian exchange rate beginning at the end of 2002. This paper explains the rational and methodology behind these adjustments, as well as the impact on published trade and GDP estimates.

The Canadian Export Classification, incorporates amendments to the Nomenclature of the Harmonized Commodity and Coding System.

This guide discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. This guide has been restructured and simplified to better meet the needs of data users. This version replaces Culture Goods Trade Estimates: Methodology and Technical Notes, Catalogue no. 81-595-MIE2004020.

This activity looks at how Canada's grape industry has transformed itself in the wake of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement.

This article discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. It defines the products that are included in culture trade and explains how appropriate products are selected from the relevant classification standards.

This version has been replaced by Culture Goods Trade Data User Guide, Catalogue No. 81-595-MIE2006040.