Other content related to Income, pensions, spending and wealth
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- 1. The financial well-being of the self-employed ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X201100411535Geography: CanadaDescription:
About 1 in 6 Canadian workers is self-employed. Does taking on the responsibility of a business result in greater earning potential? More wealth? Affect spending patterns? This paper uses a variety of data sources to examine how the self-employed differ from paid employees in income level and dispersion, wealth, retirement preparation and spending.
Release date: 2011-09-23 - 2. The financial knowledge of Canadians ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X201100111413Geography: CanadaDescription:
Many things influence how Canadians navigate their way through the many financial options and services available. One of the factors affecting the finances of individuals is their level of financial knowledge. This article uses the objective assessment (quiz) of financial knowledge that was asked as part of the Canadian Financial Capability Survey (CFCS) in 2009. It explores, for the first time in a national Canadian context, how personal financial knowledge is related to someone's socio-demographic characteristics and other financial behaviours such as having a budget or having investments.
Release date: 2011-03-08 - 3. Economic well-being ArchivedArticles and reports: 89-503-X201000111388Geography: CanadaDescription:
The economic well-being chapter of Women in Canada examines several factors related to well-being of women and compares it to that for men. More specifically, it examines total income and earnings, assets, debts and net worth by family type and age. Information on pension coverage, RRSP contributions, incidence of low income and dual earners is included.
Release date: 2010-12-16 - 4. Retiring together, or not ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200810413208Geography: CanadaDescription:
Throughout much of the last century, older couples faced only one retirement decision -- the husband's. However, the dramatic rise and sustained participation of women in the paid labour force since the 1970s transformed the retirement transitions of married couples; increasingly, couples had to make two decisions and balance the preferences and constraints of partners who both made substantial contributions to household income. This article looks at the extent to which spouses synchronize the timing of their retirements, the factors associated with taking one or another pathway into retirement and changes in patterns of retirement through the 1990s.
Release date: 2008-06-18 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2008306Geography: CanadaDescription:
Past research has shown that the Canadian pension system is relatively effective in helping seniors to stay out of poverty. However, the extent to which the pension system enables individuals and families to maintain living standards achieved during their working years after retirement (income security) is less well understood. To help fill this knowledge gap, we employ 20-year longitudinal data to track individuals as they move from age 55 through their retirement years. We use various measures of an individual's family income to study four main issues: change in income levels through retirement; the role that various income sources play in this change; variation in replacement rates through time and between poorer and richer individuals; and, finally, the degree of long-term stability in individual incomes. For workers with average incomes, family income falls after age 60, declines until age 68, and then stabilizes at approximately 80% of the income level they had at age 55. In contrast, low income individuals (those in the bottom income quintile) experience little change in income as they move from age 55 through the retirement years, largely because of the income maintenance effects of the public pension system. They experience high levels of individual income instability in their late 50s and early 60s, but income instability falls dramatically after retirement. Individuals in the top quintile experience substantially larger income declines in retirement so that income inequality within a cohort declines as the cohort ages. More recent groups of retirees are experiencing higher income levels than earlier cohorts, largely because of higher private pensions. Replacement rates have changed little among cohorts, however. Whether recent gains in income levels will persist in future cohorts is unknown since pension coverage has been falling among younger workers.
Release date: 2008-03-10 - 6. Pensions and retirement savings of families ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200711113197Geography: CanadaDescription:
Prime-aged couples experienced a moderate decline in RPP coverage over the last two decades, as the substantial growth in wives labour market participation and the slight increase in their RPP coverage only partially offset a substantial decline in husbands coverage. On average, retirement savings of families rose over the last two decades, but the distribution became more unequal. To a large extent, the uneven growth in retirement savings mirrors the sharp increase in family earnings inequality since the early 1980s.
Release date: 2007-12-19 - 7. Payday loans ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200710413185Geography: CanadaDescription:
Payday loans are part of the growing alternative consumer credit market in Canada. These loans are for relatively small amounts ($100 to $1,000) and are short-term, with repayment usually made on or before the next payday. Although the convenience of payday loans makes them attractive, concerns have been raised about questionable practices within the industry, including high borrowing costs, insufficient disclosure of contract terms, and unfair collection practices. Who uses payday loans and why?
Release date: 2007-06-19 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2006286Geography: CanadaDescription:
We analyze the degree to which Canadian families are covered by private pension plans and document how their savings for retirement (made through contributions to tax-assisted retirement savings programs) have evolved over the last two decades. We find that two-parent families, lone-parent families and other individuals located in the bottom quintile of the earnings distribution are not better prepared for retirement than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. On the other hand, those located in the top quintile are better prepared than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. As a result, Canadian families' preparedness for retirement, which was fairly unequal in the mid-1980s, has become even more unequal over the last two decades. This finding has important implications for the future. Recent research has shown that the maturation of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans (C/QPPs) has led to a substantial reduction in income inequality among the elderly between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s. In the absence of offsetting trends, the growing inequality in Canadian families preparedness for retirement implies that that the distribution of family income among seniors should become more unequal in the years to come.
Release date: 2006-09-26 - 9. Property taxes ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200310713094Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the burden of property tax by province and household income and how property tax increases the inequality of family income.
Release date: 2003-09-17 - 10. Income in manufacturing regions ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X201010713254Geography: CanadaDescription:
The loss of manufacturing jobs can affect other sectors of the economy, particularly when local employment is heavily concentrated in manufacturing. This article covers income, low-income incidence and Employment Insurance use, in regions with varying concentrations of manufacturing employment. The article focuses on the period from 2000 the most recent peak in manufacturing employment to 2007 the last full year of economic growth.
Release date: 2000-12-11
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- 1. The financial well-being of the self-employed ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X201100411535Geography: CanadaDescription:
About 1 in 6 Canadian workers is self-employed. Does taking on the responsibility of a business result in greater earning potential? More wealth? Affect spending patterns? This paper uses a variety of data sources to examine how the self-employed differ from paid employees in income level and dispersion, wealth, retirement preparation and spending.
Release date: 2011-09-23 - 2. The financial knowledge of Canadians ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X201100111413Geography: CanadaDescription:
Many things influence how Canadians navigate their way through the many financial options and services available. One of the factors affecting the finances of individuals is their level of financial knowledge. This article uses the objective assessment (quiz) of financial knowledge that was asked as part of the Canadian Financial Capability Survey (CFCS) in 2009. It explores, for the first time in a national Canadian context, how personal financial knowledge is related to someone's socio-demographic characteristics and other financial behaviours such as having a budget or having investments.
Release date: 2011-03-08 - 3. Economic well-being ArchivedArticles and reports: 89-503-X201000111388Geography: CanadaDescription:
The economic well-being chapter of Women in Canada examines several factors related to well-being of women and compares it to that for men. More specifically, it examines total income and earnings, assets, debts and net worth by family type and age. Information on pension coverage, RRSP contributions, incidence of low income and dual earners is included.
Release date: 2010-12-16 - 4. Retiring together, or not ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200810413208Geography: CanadaDescription:
Throughout much of the last century, older couples faced only one retirement decision -- the husband's. However, the dramatic rise and sustained participation of women in the paid labour force since the 1970s transformed the retirement transitions of married couples; increasingly, couples had to make two decisions and balance the preferences and constraints of partners who both made substantial contributions to household income. This article looks at the extent to which spouses synchronize the timing of their retirements, the factors associated with taking one or another pathway into retirement and changes in patterns of retirement through the 1990s.
Release date: 2008-06-18 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2008306Geography: CanadaDescription:
Past research has shown that the Canadian pension system is relatively effective in helping seniors to stay out of poverty. However, the extent to which the pension system enables individuals and families to maintain living standards achieved during their working years after retirement (income security) is less well understood. To help fill this knowledge gap, we employ 20-year longitudinal data to track individuals as they move from age 55 through their retirement years. We use various measures of an individual's family income to study four main issues: change in income levels through retirement; the role that various income sources play in this change; variation in replacement rates through time and between poorer and richer individuals; and, finally, the degree of long-term stability in individual incomes. For workers with average incomes, family income falls after age 60, declines until age 68, and then stabilizes at approximately 80% of the income level they had at age 55. In contrast, low income individuals (those in the bottom income quintile) experience little change in income as they move from age 55 through the retirement years, largely because of the income maintenance effects of the public pension system. They experience high levels of individual income instability in their late 50s and early 60s, but income instability falls dramatically after retirement. Individuals in the top quintile experience substantially larger income declines in retirement so that income inequality within a cohort declines as the cohort ages. More recent groups of retirees are experiencing higher income levels than earlier cohorts, largely because of higher private pensions. Replacement rates have changed little among cohorts, however. Whether recent gains in income levels will persist in future cohorts is unknown since pension coverage has been falling among younger workers.
Release date: 2008-03-10 - 6. Pensions and retirement savings of families ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200711113197Geography: CanadaDescription:
Prime-aged couples experienced a moderate decline in RPP coverage over the last two decades, as the substantial growth in wives labour market participation and the slight increase in their RPP coverage only partially offset a substantial decline in husbands coverage. On average, retirement savings of families rose over the last two decades, but the distribution became more unequal. To a large extent, the uneven growth in retirement savings mirrors the sharp increase in family earnings inequality since the early 1980s.
Release date: 2007-12-19 - 7. Payday loans ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200710413185Geography: CanadaDescription:
Payday loans are part of the growing alternative consumer credit market in Canada. These loans are for relatively small amounts ($100 to $1,000) and are short-term, with repayment usually made on or before the next payday. Although the convenience of payday loans makes them attractive, concerns have been raised about questionable practices within the industry, including high borrowing costs, insufficient disclosure of contract terms, and unfair collection practices. Who uses payday loans and why?
Release date: 2007-06-19 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2006286Geography: CanadaDescription:
We analyze the degree to which Canadian families are covered by private pension plans and document how their savings for retirement (made through contributions to tax-assisted retirement savings programs) have evolved over the last two decades. We find that two-parent families, lone-parent families and other individuals located in the bottom quintile of the earnings distribution are not better prepared for retirement than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. On the other hand, those located in the top quintile are better prepared than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. As a result, Canadian families' preparedness for retirement, which was fairly unequal in the mid-1980s, has become even more unequal over the last two decades. This finding has important implications for the future. Recent research has shown that the maturation of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans (C/QPPs) has led to a substantial reduction in income inequality among the elderly between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s. In the absence of offsetting trends, the growing inequality in Canadian families preparedness for retirement implies that that the distribution of family income among seniors should become more unequal in the years to come.
Release date: 2006-09-26 - 9. Property taxes ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200310713094Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the burden of property tax by province and household income and how property tax increases the inequality of family income.
Release date: 2003-09-17 - 10. Income in manufacturing regions ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X201010713254Geography: CanadaDescription:
The loss of manufacturing jobs can affect other sectors of the economy, particularly when local employment is heavily concentrated in manufacturing. This article covers income, low-income incidence and Employment Insurance use, in regions with varying concentrations of manufacturing employment. The article focuses on the period from 2000 the most recent peak in manufacturing employment to 2007 the last full year of economic growth.
Release date: 2000-12-11
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