Labour productivity
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Selected geographical area: Canada
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$59.10 per hour-2.2%
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0.4%
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- 41. The Output Gap Between Canada and the United States: The Role of Productivity (1994-2002) ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-624-M2005009Geography: CanadaDescription:
The difference in the output gap (GDP per capita) between Canada and the United States is broken down into two components - differences in productivity (GDP per hour worked) and differences in effort (hours worked per capita) for the period 1994 to 2002. The paper shows that, on average, the majority of the output gap is accounted for by differences in hours worked rather than differences in productivity. Since 1994, the output gap has narrowed slightly, primarily because of an increase in hours worked in Canada relative to the United States.
Release date: 2005-01-13 - Articles and reports: 11F0027M2004021Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper proposes a method for measuring the impact of plant turnover on productivity growth and outlines how this contribution has changed in Canada as a result of substantial trade liberalization in the 1990s.
Release date: 2004-07-22 - Articles and reports: 11F0027M2003018Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study compares Canada and Australia with respect to living standards; labour productivity and utilization; and underlying sources of labour productivity growth.
Release date: 2003-12-09 - 44. Productivity and prosperity in the information age ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200310613093Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article describes productivity trends since 1981, the role of different industries and information technology (IT) in the recent acceleration, and the implications for Canada's prosperity.
Release date: 2003-09-17 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X20030086616Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the influence of the expansion of the unincorporated self-employed on growth in labour productivity in the business sector and compares Canadian and U.S. experiences over the 1987 to 1998 reference period.
Release date: 2003-08-28 - 46. The Impact of Self-employment on Labour-productivity Growth: A Canada and United States Comparison ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2003016Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the influence of the dramatic expansion of self-employment on the Canadian business sector's growth in labour productivity. It compares Canadian and American experiences in this area from 1987 to 1998.
Release date: 2003-08-28 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2003193Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper outlines the size of the turnover in plants that have entered and exited the Canadian manufacturing sector during the three periods: 1973-1979, 1979-1988 and 1988-1997. It also examines the contribution of plant turnover to labour productivity growth in the manufacturing sector over the three periods. Plant turnover makes a significant contribution to productivity growth as more productive entrants replace exiting plants that are less productive. A disproportionately large fraction of the contribution of plant turnover to productivity growth is due to multi-plant or foreign-controlled firms closing down and opening up new plants. The plants opened up by multi-plant or foreign-controlled firms are typically much more productive than those opened by single-plant or domestic-controlled.
Release date: 2003-04-02 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016271Description:
This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.
This paper proposes a method for short-term estimation of labour input indicators using administrative data from the Social Security Database (SSD). The rationale for developing this methodology originated from the need for national statistical offices to meet the standard quality criteria in the Regulation no. 1165/98 of the European Community concerning short-term business statistics. Information requested in the Regulation involves such a detailed disaggregation that it would be impossible to meet all the requirements through direct data collection. Administrative data, because of their timeliness and detailed coverage, represent a valuable source for obtaining estimates of business population aggregates that meet such quality requirements.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - 49. Differences in Interprovincial Productivity Levels ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2001180Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This study examines provincial differences in productivity (GDP per job) using decomposition and regression analysis. In the first stage of the study, the relative size of productivity differences across provinces is examined. Then, these differences are decomposed into two components - the first is the portion of the difference that arises from industry-mix, and the second is due to "real" productivity differences at the industry level. The paper also examines the contributions of the "new" and "old" economy sectors to differences in provincial productivity. Finally, regression analysis is performed in order to determine the statistical significance of interprovincial productivity differences. The paper finds that British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario and Quebec do not differ significantly from another in terms of GDP per job after differences in industry mix are considered. Manitoba and the Atlantic Provinces lag behind the others. Most of the difference in the latter two cases stems from "real" differences at the industry level rather than from the effect of differences in industry mix. The Natural Resources sector plays an important role in bolstering the performance of Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Release date: 2001-12-06 - Articles and reports: 15-204-X19990005492Description:
This chapter explores whether the Canadian economy is restructuring toward higher productivity industries, and whether, at the industry level, productivity growth is passed on to consumers in the form of lower prices or to workers in the form of higher wages.
Release date: 2001-02-14
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- Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011071Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper asks how the performance of self-employed unincorporated businesses affects the size of the gap in labour productivity between Canada and the United States. To do so, the business sector in each country is divided into unincorporated and corporate businesses, and estimates of labour productivity are generated for each sector.
The productivity performance of the unincorporated sector relative to the corporate sector is much lower in Canada than in the United States. As a result, when the unincorporated sector is removed from the estimates for the business sector in each country and only the corporate sectors for the two countries are compared, the gap in the level of productivity between Canada and the United States is reduced.
The unincorporated sector consists of both sole proprietorships and partnerships. This paper also investigates the impact of just sole proprietorships on the Canada-United States productivity gap. Sole proprietorships in the two countries more closely resemble one another than do partnerships, as U.S. partnerships are much larger than their Canadian counterparts.
When sole proprietorships are removed from the business-sector estimates of each country (allowing a comparison of sole proprietorships to the rest of the business sector, which consists of partnerships and the corporate sector), the gap in labour productivity between Canada and the United States also declines but by only about half as much as when both sole proprietorships and partnerships are removed.
The lower productivity of the unincorporated sector (both sole proprietorships and partnerships) accounted for almost the entire productivity gap between Canada and the United States in 1998. Since then, the productivity of the corporate sector in Canada has fallen relative to that of the corporate sector in the United States and the unincorporated sector no longer accounts for the entire gap.
Release date: 2011-07-28 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X201100111401Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 2008-2009 recession was less severe for both output and jobs than the two previous recessions. While the disruption of global financial markets did lead to a record drop in exports and severe cuts in business investment, household demand did not recede as much as in previous downturns and led the recovery. Canada is the only G7 nation to have returned to its pre-recession level, led by private domestic demand.
Release date: 2011-01-13 - 23. Slowdowns during periods of economic growth ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X201001211393Geography: CanadaDescription:
Output and employment growth regularly slows, as occurred over the summer of 2010. This paper looks at slowdowns over the last three decades, and finds they occur in response to a wide range of cyclical and irregular factors. However, they rarely if ever turn into recessions.
Release date: 2010-12-09 - 24. Productivity Trends of Unincorporated Enterprises in the Canadian Economy, 1987 to 2005 ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2010028Description:
This study uses new GDP estimates for the unincorporated sector in order to examine labour productivity in the unincorporated sector and to compare it to that in the corporate sector over the period 1987 to 2005. The level of nominal GDP per hour worked is significantly lower for unincorporated enterprises ($23.20 in 2005) than it is for corporations ($43.40 in 2005). In 2005, GDP per hour worked in the unincorporated sector was just 53% of GDP per hour worked in the corporate sector.
Release date: 2010-10-18 - 25. The accelerated pace of the 2008-2009 downturn ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X201000511164Geography: CanadaDescription:
Financial and commodity markets saw declines late in 2008 that set records for both speed and severity. This paper explores some of the reasons for these rapid declines and their implications for output and employment.
Release date: 2010-05-13 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X201000111075Geography: CanadaDescription:
Since 1980, labour productivity has risen during recessions in Canada and the US, with the exception of Canada during 2008-2009. A detailed examination of each cyclical downturn since 1980 shows that employers have moved faster to cut labour inputs during recessions, especially in the US.
Release date: 2010-01-14 - 27. Revisions to Canada and United States Annual Estimates of Labour Productivity in the Business Sector, 2004 to 2007 ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2009023Description:
This paper examines the impact of the revisions to labour productivity estimates and related variables covering the revision cycle of the National Accounts from 2004 to 2007 for Canada and from 2005 to 2007 for the United States.
Release date: 2009-03-11 - Articles and reports: 15-206-X2008022Description:
Many historical comparisons of international productivity use measures of labour productivity (output per worker). Differences in labour productivity can be caused by differences in technical efficiency or differences in capital intensity. Moving to measures of total factor productivity allows international comparisons to ascertain whether differences in labour productivity arise from differences in efficiency or differences in factors utilized in the production process.
This paper examines differences in output per worker in the manufacturing sectors of Canada and the United States in 1929 and the extent to which it arises from efficiency differences. It makes corrections for differences in capital and materials intensity per worker in order to derive a measure of total factor efficiency of Canada relative to the United States, using detailed industry data. It finds that while output per worker in Canada was only about 75% of the United States productivity level, the total factor productivity measure of Canada was about the same as the United States level - that is, there was very little difference in technical efficiency in the two countries. Canada's lower output per worker was the result of the use of less capital and materials per worker than the United States.
Release date: 2008-12-23 - 29. Revisions to Canada and United States Annual Estimates of Labour Productivity in the Business Sector, 2003 to 2006 ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2007010Description:
This paper examines the impact of the revisions to labour productivity estimates and related variables covering the revision cycle of the National Accounts from 2003 to 2006 for Canada and from 2004 to 2006 for the United States.
Release date: 2007-11-27 - 30. Productivity Performance in Canada, 1961 to 2005 ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2007011Description:
This study examines Canadian productivity performance over the period 1961 to 2005. It investigates labour productivity growth and the sources of improvements therein-multifactor productivity growth, capital intensity, and skill upgrading. It also examines the contribution that productivity growth has made to economic growth, and to improvement on living standards. Finally, this study investigates the share of income going to labour, and the real hourly compensation of workers. This publication makes use of the new KLEMS database released on June 25, 2007 (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/13-605-x/13-605-x2007005-eng.htm).
Release date: 2007-09-13
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