Crime and justice

Description:

The purpose of this report is to reduce the level of confusion arising from the use of crime data originating from two very different sources (i.e., the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey - UCR and the General Social Survey - GSS) and to inform discussions about which is the better measure of crime. It explains why the findings based on these data sources diverge and summarizes the major differences between the two surveys.

Description:

This Juristat examines data from the Adult Corrections Survey (ACS) and provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the adult prison population, operating costs, charge and offence information, sentencing data, and community supervision services. The findings reported here are provided in greater detail in the annual report Adult Correctional Services in Canada, 1995-96(Catalogue 85-211-XPB).

Description:

This juristat answers questions about the relative cost of justice services within the context of total government spending, and examines changes in spending patterns over time. In addition, financial profiles are provided for six major justice services: policing, courts, adult corrections, youth corrections, legal aid, and prosecutions. Some of the initiatives underway to give taxpayers more efficient and effective services are also discussed.

Description:

This Juristat deals with prostitution-related crime in Canada, that is, communicating, procuring and bawdy-house offences (see Prostitution in the Criminal Code). Incidents reported during the 1977-1995 period are examined, with a focus on recent years. A wide variety of data and other information sources dealing with street prostitution have been consulted to provide a multi-faceted look at these activities.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to provide a picture of the most recent sentencing trends in Canadian adult provincial courts. Several issues can be explored using the aggregate statistics found in this data base. First, what percentage of all convictions result in a sentence of imprisonment? Many commissions of inquiry as well as the federal government have noted the need to develop more alternatives to imprisonment, in order to reduce Canada's reliance on incarceration as a sanction. Second, what kinds of sanctions are associated with various offences? Third, are sentences proportional in their severity to the seriousness of the crimes for which they are imposed? The principle of proportionality in the use of punishment lies at the heart of the sentencing system in Canada. The recently enacted sentencing reform Bill, declared that "A sentence must be proportionate to the gravity of the offence and the degree of responsibility of the offender". Fourth, what kinds of offences attract non-custodial sanctions such as probation and fines?

Description:

The intent of this Juristat is to present police and court data on criminal harassment that are currently available from Statistics Canada's Revised Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey and Adult Criminal Court Survey (ACCS). As the legislation is relatively new, this report is a first attempt at producing a detailed analysis of criminal harassment data. The statistics in this report provide only a partial picture of criminal harassment in Canada and are not nationally representative. As such, the analysis will focus on the nature of incidents rather than the extent. Please refer to the Methodology section for more details on the data sources.

Description:

Police-reported violent crime in Canada increased steadily from the early 1970s through to the early 1990s. Homicides, in particular, tend to be widely covered in the media, especially those of a brutal nature or those targeting the more vulnerable members of society. The 1993 General Social Survey indicated a growing concern among Canadians about threats of attack or violence. Yet the homicide rate has gradually been declining since the mid 1970s.

Description:

In every province and territory, abused women and their children can find refuge in a variety of facilities that provide residential services. In 1994-95, transition homes and similar institutions recorded more than 85,000 admissions. Most of the women admitted were escaping physical abuse by a current or previous spouse or common-law partner.

Description:

Data from the 1993 Violence Against Women Survey on the incidence and nature of work-related sexual harassment.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to collect education related financial data on all reform and correctional institutions in Canada. These data are used to supplement data collected from the Provincial Public Accounts on provincial expenditures on education.

Description: This table contains 80 series, with data for years 1998 - 2000 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada); Estimates (2 items: Number;Percent); Resident (2 items: Women;Children); Reason for admission (3 items: Abuse;Non-abuse;Reason unknown); Type of facility (8 items: Total admissions;Transition house;Second stage housing;Safe home network; ...).

Description: This table contains 146 series, with data for years 1998 - 2000 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada;Newfoundland and Labrador;Prince Edward Island;Nova Scotia; ...); Estimates (2 items: Number;Percent); Resident (2 items: Women;Children); Reason for admission (3 items: Abuse;Non-abuse;Reason unknown).

Description: Admissions of women and children to shelters, by type of shelter, five years of data.

Description: Women residing in shelters, by type of shelter and reasons of abuse, five years of data

Description: Abused women residing in shelters with or without their children, by type of shelter, five years of data.

Description: Women residing in shelters because of spousal abuse, five years of data

Description:

This free publication is based on data from the Victim Services Survey and provides national and provincial/territorial profiles of victim service agencies that responded to the survey, as well as information on the clients they served. The Victim Services Survey was conducted by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics and was funded by Justice Canada's Policy Centre for Victim Issues. Victim service agencies surveyed include system-based, police-based and court-based agencies, sexual assault centres, other selected community-based agencies, and criminal injuries compensation and other financial benefit programs for victims of crime. It should be noted that data on transition homes and shelters for abused women and their children are collected through Statistics Canada's Transition Home Survey.

Description: This table contains 426 series, with data for years 1978/1979 - 2010/2011 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Provinces and territories;Newfoundland and Labrador;Prince Edward Island;Nova Scotia; ...); Custodial and community admissions (29 items: Total custodial admissions;Sentenced, custodial admissions;Remand, custodial admissions;Other statuses, custodial admissions; ...).

Description: This table contains 47 series, with data for years 1978/1979 - 2008/2009 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (6 items: Federal jurisdiction;Atlantic Region;Quebec Region;Ontario Region; ...); Custodial and community admissions (22 items: Total custodial admissions;Warrant of committal, custodial admissions;Revocation of conditional release, custodial admissions;Other statuses, custodial admissions; ...).

Description: This table contains 644 series, with data for years 1974 - 1985 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (23 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; ...), Type of traffic offence (14 items: Criminal negligence causing death (section 203 Criminal Code); Criminal negligence causing bodily harm (section 204 Criminal Code); Criminal negligence operating motor vehicle (section 233(1) Criminal Code); Fail to stop or remain at scene of accident (section 233(2) Criminal Code); ...), Unit of measure (2 items: Number of reported offences (actual); Rate per 100,000 population based on census population projection figures for the reporting year).

Description: As the sixteenth goal outlined in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Canada and other UN member states have committed to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels by 2030. This 2024 infographic provides an overview of indicators underlying the sixteenth Sustainable Development Goal in support of peace, justice and strong institutions, and the statistics and data sources used to monitor and report on this goal in Canada.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This article presents results from the Survey of Sexual Misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces. Namely, the prevalence of general sexualized behaviour in the workplace; discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity; personal experiences of discrimination or sexualized behaviour; the prevalence of sexual assault; and knowledge of policies on sexual misconduct and perceptions of responses to sexual misconduct are examined. Where possible, results are analyzed by gender, environmental command, type of service, age, and rank.

Description: This article presents results from the first Survey of Sexual Misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces. Namely, the prevalence of general sexualized behaviour in the workplace; discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity; personal experiences of discrimination or sexualized behaviour; the prevalence of sexual assault; and knowledge of policies on sexual misconduct and perceptions of responses to sexual misconduct are examined. Where possible, results are analyzed by sex, environmental command, type of service, age, rank, and number of years of service.

Description: Human trafficking involves the recruitment, transportation or harbouring of a person and includes controlling or influencing their movements with the goal of exploiting, or facilitating the exploitation of, a person. Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey, this Juristat Bulletin—Quick Fact examines trends in police-reported incidents of human trafficking in Canada and further highlights victim and accused characteristics. Court outcomes of cases related to human trafficking are also examined using data from the Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS).

Description: This publication features short, informative articles focusing on specific justice-related issues. For more in-depth articles on justice in Canada, see also Juristat, Catalogue no. 85-002-X.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Using police-reported data from the 2022 Homicide Survey, this infographic is a visual representation of some of these data. Findings include results at the national, provincial and territorial levels. Also included are findings related to the characteristics of victims as well as the prevalence of gang-related and firearm-related homicides.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This Juristat article expands on previous analysis of gender-related homicides in Canada by analyzing court case characteristics and outcomes of gender-related homicides of women and girls over a 13-year period (2009 to 2021). Using linked data from the Homicide Survey, the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, and the Integrated Criminal Courts Survey, it examines multiple stages of the court process (i.e., charge, conviction, sentencing) to determine if court outcomes of gender-related homicides differ from non-gender-related homicides of women and girls or those with a male victim. In addition, potentially near-lethal forms of gender-related violence, namely attempted murder and aggravated assaults, are explored to broaden the scope of the analysis.

Description: The goals of this survey were to enhance our understanding of hate crime in Canada and to assess the feasibility of collecting national police-reported hate crime statistics.

Description: The primary objective of the Civil Court Survey is to develop and maintain a national civil court database of statistical information on court events and cases. It is intended to collect comparable, national level baseline data on civil court activity in Canada.

Description: The purpose of this is to collect data on residential services for abused and at-risk youth (aged 16 to 29) during the previous 12 months, as well as to provide a one-day "snapshot" of the clientele being served on a specific date.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to collect national-level data on the prevalence and types of fraud experienced by certain business sectors. These data are required to respond to the need for better information on the nature and extent of fraud in Canada in order to improve policy and public education with respect to this issue. The survey also collects information on fraud detection and prevention and actions taken in response to incidents of fraud, including use of the criminal justice system.

Description: The purpose of the Survey on Sexual Misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces (SSMCAF) is to collect information about the prevalence and nature of inappropriate sexual behaviour within the military, the reporting of inappropriate sexual behaviour to authorities, military members' perception of the Canadian Armed Forces' (CAF) response to this issue and CAF's progress in addressing sexual misconduct in the ranks.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to collect data on the impact of cybercrime to Canadian businesses and their activities to mitigate the effects. The survey includes information on investment in cyber security measures, cyber security training, the volume of cyber security incidents, and the costs associated with responding to these incidents.

Description: The National Fire Information Database (NFID) is a pilot project with the objective of gathering ten years of microdata information on fire incidents and fire losses from provincial/territorial Fire Marshals and Fire Commissioners Offices across Canada, standardizing the data, and creating a centralized national system for the collection of fire statistics.

Description: The objective of the Canadian Correctional Services Survey (CCSS) is to collect detailed information on each person who is supervised by a correctional services program in Canada for all or part of a fiscal year, including both adults and youth.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to collect information on Canadians' experiences related to their safety in public and private spaces. Questions are asked about these personal experiences at home, in the workplace, in public spaces and online.

Description: The purpose of the Canadian Victim Services Indicators (CVSI) project is to collect aggregate statistics from victim services directorates with provincial and territorial governments to provide information on the characteristics of victims accessing services, the types of services utilized, and case load demands in order to better develop programs and services for victims of violence.