Crime and justice
Subject
- Limit subject index to Community safety
- Limit subject index to Correctional services
- Limit subject index to Courts
- Limit subject index to Crimes and offences
- Limit subject index to Police services
- Limit subject index to Victimization
- Limit subject index to Family violence
- Limit subject index to Transition homes
- Limit subject index to Victim services
- Limit subject index to Victimization of children and youth
- Limit subject index to Victimization of seniors
- Limit subject index to Victimization of women
- Limit subject index to Other content related to Victimization
- Limit subject index to Other content related to Crime and justice
Results
All (1,010)
All (1,010) (810 to 820 of 1,010 results)
- Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016235Description:
This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.
Police records collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) through the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program are the leading source of national crime statistics. Recently, audits to correct UCR records have raised concerns as to how to handle the errors discovered in these files. Concerns centre around the methodology used to detect errors and the procedures used to correct errors once they have been discovered. This paper explores these concerns, focusing on sampling methodology, establishment of a statistical-adjustment factor, and alternative solutions. The paper distinguishes the difference between sample adjustment and sample estimates of an agency's data, and recommends sample adjustment as the most accurate way of dealing with errors.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016295Description:
This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.
In order to compensate for unreported, missing, unreasonable, or unusable data, the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program conducts data estimations and imputations using a variety of statistical methods. This paper illustrates how offence and arrest data are estimated using a variety of different approaches. The paper also points out the strengths and the shortcomings of each approach.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 85-552-XGeography: Province or territoryDescription:
This report presents a description of the organization and operation of provincial and territorial maintenance enforcement programs. It describes the relevant provincial legislation, highlights latest developments, provides a general description of each program, describes how each manages cases, intake/withdrawal procedures, tracing, monitoring, payment processing and enforcement practices. As such, the reader will be able to identify the variations and similarities between the various programs. All of the maintenance enforcement programs rely upon several federal acts to collect, trace and enforce support payments. Therefore, a review of the relevant federal legislation is presented first, followed by a description of each provincial and territorial maintenance enforcement program.
Release date: 2002-08-01 - 814. Crime statistics in Canada, 2001 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20020068415Geography: CanadaDescription:
This report is an examination of the annual police-reported crime in Canada. Data are presented within the context of both short and long term trends. The analysis focuses on trends in violent crime, property crime, other Criminal Code offences, impaired driving offences, drug offences and youth crime. Crime rates are examined at the national and provincial/territorial levels, as well as for major metropolitan areas. The trend in Canada's crime rate is put into perspective by comparing it with crime trends in some other industrialized countries. This is an annual periodical of great interest to those who work within the criminal justice system or anyone who is interested in crime in Canada.
Release date: 2002-07-17 - 815. National trends in intimate partner homicides, 1974-2000 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20020058413Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using data from the Homicide Survey and a combination of other statistical data sources this Juristat will examine spousal homicide trends over the period 1974-2000. In 1991 changes were made to the Homicide Survey providing more detailed breakdowns of the relationship between victims and offenders permitting comparisons of married, common-law, separated and divorced couples as well as boyfriends and girlfriends. This allows trends in other intimate partner homicides (e.g. boyfriends and girlfriends) to be examined from 1991-2000. These trends in spousal homicide will be assessed within the context of other factors, including improvements to women’s economic and social well-being (e.g. average annual income, delayed marriage and child-rearing), growth in the availability of emergency services for battered women, trends in spousal victims’ use of social services, trends in reporting spousal violence to the police, and the evolution of charging and prosecution policies.
Release date: 2002-06-26 - 816. Spousal violence ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-224-X20020006455Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 1999 General Social Survey was the first attempt by Statistics Canada to measure spousal violence in a comprehensive way on a traditional victimization survey. Both women and men were asked a module of 10 questions concerning violence by their current or previous spouses and common-law partners. The nature of the violence under study ranged in severity from threats to sexual assault and concerned acts that happened in the 12-month and 5-year periods preceding the survey interview.
Release date: 2002-06-26 - 817. Family violence against older adults ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-224-X20020006456Geography: CanadaDescription:
Persons aged 65 years and older constitute one of the fastest growing segments of the Canadian population. In 2000, there were an estimated 3.8 million older men and women representing 13% of the country's total population, up from 9% just 20 years earlier. Declining fertility rates and increased longevity, due primarily to improved health care, have contributed to this rapid growth. And as the baby-boom generation (those born between 1946 and 1965) begins to reach the age of 65 early in the next decade, the absolute number of older adults, as well as their share of the total population, is expected to grow even more quickly. Indeed, by 2021, population projections estimate that older Canadians will number close to 6.7 million or about one-fifth of the total population (George et al. 2001).
Release date: 2002-06-26 - 818. Violence against children and youth ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-224-X20020006457Geography: CanadaDescription:
Over the past two decades, the negative consequences of child maltreatment have been extensively studied. Sexual and physical assault, emotional abuse and neglect can have a tremendous impact on the lives of victims and lead to physical health complications, long-term mental health issues, and problems with relationships or social functioning (Latimer 1998). Increasingly, exposure to spousal violence is being recognized as harmful and as putting children at risk for long-term negative effects.
Release date: 2002-06-26 - 819. Highlights of the Conditional Sentencing Special Study ArchivedStats in brief: 85F0027X2002001Geography: CanadaDescription:
The Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics conducted a special study on conditional sentencing in 2001 to improve the level and quality of information available on this disposition and to assess the influence of the new sanction on correctional services caseloads. The purpose of this bulletin is to provide a preliminary examination of the results of the special study, as well as the most current data from the Adult Correctional Services Survey and the Adult Criminal Court Survey.
Release date: 2002-06-04 - 820. Home Invasions ArchivedStats in brief: 85F0027X2002002Geography: CanadaDescription:
This bulletin examines 'home invasions'. Recent high-profile incidents of 'home invasion' have received significant exposure in the media, particularly those where the elderly have been targeted. The impact of 'home invasions' extends beyond the violence of the crime itself to a long-term loss of the victim's sense of safety at home.
Release date: 2002-06-04
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Data (267)
Data (267) (200 to 210 of 267 results)
- Table: 35-10-0099-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: AnnualDescription: Legal aid service appeals by criminal and civil matters, five years of data.Release date: 2016-04-20
- Table: 35-10-0100-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: AnnualDescription: Incoming civil legal aid dossiers processed under the interprovincial reciprocity agreement, five years of data.Release date: 2016-04-20
- Table: 35-10-0101-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: AnnualDescription: Outgoing civil legal aid dossiers processed under the interprovincial reciprocity agreement, five years of data.Release date: 2016-04-20
- Table: 35-10-0011-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: AnnualDescription: Youth custody and community services, admissions to correctional services by most serious offence, five years of data.Release date: 2016-04-07
- Table: 35-10-0158-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at enforcing the law, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
- Table: 35-10-0159-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at responding quickly to calls, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
- Table: 35-10-0160-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at being approachable and easy to talk to, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
- Table: 35-10-0161-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at supplying information to the public on ways to prevent crime, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
- Table: 35-10-0162-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at ensuring neighbourhood safety, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
- Table: 35-10-0163-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: Every 5 yearsDescription: Proportion of the population who believe their local police are doing a good job or an average or poor job at treating people fairly, by sex, population aged 15 and over.Release date: 2016-01-27
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Analysis (693)
Analysis (693) (650 to 660 of 693 results)
- 651. Alternative Measures in Canada ArchivedJournals and periodicals: 85-545-XGeography: CanadaDescription:
The report, which represents the first phase of a special study commissioned by the National Justice Statistics Initiative, is intended as a reference document on administrative and operational policies with respect to alternative measures for both youth and adults in Canada. The study focussed on the collection of national descriptive information on the organization and delivery of youth and adult alternative measures established pursuant to the Young Offenders Act (Canada) (1984) and the Sentencing Reform Act (1996).
Topics covered include the philosophy of the alternative measures, responsibility for program delivery, referral agent, the role of the police, the Crown, and the victim, the right to legal counsel. Eligibility criteria, a flowchart outlining the alternative measures process, a description of the alternative measures agreement, the range of alternative measures, the supervision of and completion of the agreement, and information regarding record keeping requirements. Where available, appendices have been attached that provide samples of forms currently in use in the jurisdiction as well as any currently available alternative measures data. It is important to note that data contained in the jurisdictional appendices are provided as a sample only. No analysis has been performed on the data nor have any inter-jurisdictional comparisons been made as there has been no attempt to ensure standard definition or time frames for the data.
Release date: 1999-04-27 - 652. Female inmates, Aboriginal inmates, and inmates serving life sentences: A one day snapshot ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990058300Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Juristat profiles three populations of inmates: women, Aboriginal people and individuals serving life sentences. These data are based on a census of adult inmates on register in all adult correctional facilities as of midnight October 5th, 1996. Data were obtained through administrative records.
While the general population in Canada was made up almost equally of men and women, women comprised only 5% of prisoners in correctional facilities on October 5, 1996. Female inmates tended to be in their early 30s, single, with grade 9 education or less, and unemployed at the time of admission. They were considered at lower risk to re-offend than men.
Aboriginal people were over-represented in the prison system. Although they comprised only 2% of the general adult population, they accounted for 17% of the prison population. They were younger on average than non-Aboriginal inmates, had less education and were more likely to have been unemployed. They were also considered at higher risk to re-offend, and they had a higher set of needs than non-Aboriginal inmates (including, substance abuse, employment, personal needs and family/marital needs).
The data also showed that as of midnight October 5th, 1996, inmates serving a life sentence comprised nearly one-fifth (18%) of the nearly 13,900 inmates in federal prisons. A person can be given a life sentence if they have been convicted of offences such as first degree or second-degree murder. Parole eligibility varies from minimum ten years served to minimum 25 years served.
Individuals serving life sentences tended to be older and less educated than others in the prison population. The median age for lifers on snapshot day was 39, compared with 33 for other inmates. More than one-half (56%) of lifers had a grade 9 education or less, compared with 44% of other inmates.
In addition, a majority (84%) of inmates serving life sentences were considered at high risk to re-offend, a much higher proportion than the 53% of other inmates. Not surprisingly, lifers also had a higher set of needs, that is, problem areas requiring intervention, such as personal and emotional issues, marital and family problems, attitude and problems functioning in the community.
For more information or to enquire about the concepts, methods or data quality of this release, or to order a copy of the Juristat, contact Information and Client Services (613-951-9023 or 1-800-387-2231), Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics.
Release date: 1999-04-22 - 653. Adult correctional services in Canada, 1997-98 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990048299Geography: CanadaDescription:
This series of reports provides detailed statistics and analysis on a variety of topics and issues concerning Canada's justice system. Annual Juristats are produced on areas such as: crime, homicide, youth and adult courts, and corrections. Additional Juristats are also produced each year on current topics of interest to the justice community. This is a unique periodical, of great interest to those who have to plan, establish, administer and evaluate justice programs and projects, or anyone who has an interest in Canada's justice system.
Release date: 1999-04-06 - 654. Sex offenders ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990038298Geography: CanadaDescription:
Over the past twenty years, there has been growing public awareness and concern about the occurrence of sexual offending and the personal and societal costs associated with these acts. There has been a gradual reduction in the stigma associated with being a victim of these crimes and, as supports for victims have developed, there has been an apparent increased willingness of victims to report these crimes to police, often long after the abuse has occurred. In many cases, the perpetrators of these crimes are in trusted positions of authority and the victims are dependent children. This Juristat presents statistical data on the prevalence of sexual offences reported to the police and the characteristics of the offenders and victims involved. It also highlights some of the salient issues associated with the response of the justice system and the public to offenders and their victims. Data sources include statistics collected by the police, courts and correctional institutions. These official sources probably represent only a small portion of all sexual offences and offenders, since results from victimization surveys suggest that as many as 90% of all sexual offences are not reported to the police. Data concerning victims of sexual offences, including information available from victimization surveys, are presented in the final section of this report.
Release date: 1999-03-29 - 655. Youth court statistics, 1997-98 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990028297Geography: CanadaDescription:
Providing effective treatment and rehabilitation of young offenders, and ensuring the safety of Canadian communities are primary objectives of the youth justice system. The Young Offenders Act, proclaimed in 1984, introduced rights for adolescents previously guaranteed for adults only; recognized the special needs of youths due to varying levels of maturity; the necessity for youths to accept responsibility for unlawful action; and the right of society to protection from illegal behaviour. In response to concerns about the effectiveness of the law, the current Young Offenders Act will soon be replaced by new legislation. The Youth Court Survey, through the collection and dissemination of youth court information, continues to assist policy-makers and program managers as they redefine the nature of Canada’s youth justice system. The Youth Court Survey captures the court process and response to youth crime rather the prevalence of criminal activity.
Release date: 1999-03-25 - Journals and periodicals: 85-601-XGeography: CanadaDescription:
This study describes people who were incarcerated in federal and provincial/territorial adult facilities at midnight on October 5, 1996. A census was used to gather data on facilities, inmates and security issues.
Release date: 1999-03-17 - 657. Illicit drugs and crime in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990018296Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This issue of Juristat focuses principally on criminal drug offences reported by Canadian police services. It sketches a statistical profile of drug crimes and drug offenders, while examining the various types of offences and drugs involved. The report also examines national trends as well as provincial/territorial comparisons. Other information sources are used to describe the attitudes of Canadians toward the drug problem and the reaction of the courts to those appearing on drug charges.
Release date: 1999-03-09 - 658. Private security and public policing ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19990014411Geography: CanadaDescription:
Both police officers and private security personnel play a key role in society; however, the line between the two professions is becoming less clearly defined as the use of private security increases. This article discusses the differences between public and private security. It includes information on roles and responsibilities, as well as minimum requirements and training. (Adapted from an article in Juristat published in November 1998.)
Release date: 1999-03-03 - 659. Police Personnel and Expenditures in Canada ArchivedJournals and periodicals: 85F0019XGeography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan areaDescription:
This report has two components. The first is an analytical component which examines trends in police personnel and expenditures at the national, provincial and census metropolitan area (CMA) levels, including data by rank and gender. Appropriate context is also included in terms of recent developments in the police community such as community policing and private security.
The second component is a tabular component which summarizes crime, personnel and expenditure statistics for all municipal police departments in Canada. Key ratios such as per officer strengths, per capita costs, clearance rates, and violent and property crime rates are included for each force.
Justice issues addressed: Policing accounts for approximately 60% of all justice expenditures. While crime remains high on the list of public concerns, governments have been forced to make cuts to most public sector areas, including policing. The analysis of trends in key ratios such as per capita costs, population per officer, police to civilian ratios, and the number of offences per officer can help shed some light on how the police community has responded to this changing environment.
Release date: 1999-02-09 - 660. Adult criminal court statistics, 1997-1998 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19980148295Geography: CanadaDescription:
During 1997-98, adult criminal courts in the nine participating jurisdictions disposed of 411,576 cases, involving 864,837 charges.
Release date: 1998-12-17
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Reference (46)
Reference (46) (10 to 20 of 46 results)
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3306Description: The purpose of the Adult Correctional Services (ACS) survey is to provide important indicators as to the nature and characteristics in correctional case-flow that are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of adult correctional services from both the provincial/territorial and federal correctional systems.
- 12. Legal Aid SurveySurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3308Description: The survey provides the justice community, academics and the public with information on revenues, expenditures, personnel, and caseload statistics associated with the delivery and administration of legal aid in Canada.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3309Description: The objective of the Youth Court Survey (YCS) is to develop and maintain a database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in youth courts.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3310Description: The objective of this survey is to provide information on the human resources and costs associated with the operation of Canadian courts.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3312Description: The objective of the Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS) is to develop and maintain a national database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in youth courts and adult criminal courts. The survey is intended to be a census of pending and completed federal statute charges heard in provincial-territorial and superior courts in Canada. Appeal courts, federal courts (e.g., Tax Court of Canada) and the Supreme Court of Canada are not covered by the survey.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3313Description: The Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Youth monitors trends in correctional populations and provides a basis for calculating incarceration rates based on the Canadian population. This survey describes average counts of adults and youth under custody and under community supervision, who are under the responsibility of provincial/territorial correctional services.
- 17. Homicide SurveySurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3315Description: This survey collects detailed data on homicide in Canada. The survey has collected police-reported data on the characteristics of all murder incidents, victims and accused persons since 1961 and all homicides (including murder, manslaughter and infanticide) since 1974.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3322Description: The primary objective of this survey is to provide information on the human resources and costs associated with the delivery of criminal prosecutions services in Canada.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3323Description: The purpose of the Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) survey is to provide important indicators as to the nature and case characteristics of youth in correctional services and are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of youth correctional services from the provinces and territories.
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 3324Description: This survey collects statistical and descriptive information on child and spousal support payments from provincial and territorial maintenance enforcement programs.
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