Children and youth

Description:

Canadian children are reported missing more often than we would like to believe. According to data released by the RCMP, approximately 56,000 children were reported missing in 1996, an average of 153 children a day. A child not returning from school at the normal time, a child wandering off without telling the parent, or a child not being returned after a scheduled visit with a parent or family member - any missing child is of great concern to the searching parent(s) and to society as a whole.

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This article provides an overview of trends from 1974 to 1994 in the pregnancies among women aged 15 to 19.

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Providing effective treatment and rehabilitation of young offenders and ensuring the safety of Canadian communities are primary objectives of the youth justice system. Increasingly, this system has felt the pressure of public and media scrutiny. The recent parliamentary review and the media have focused on the most serious criminal events involving youths. The Youth Court Survey, through the collection and dissemination of youth court information, assists policy-makers and program managers as they struggle to redefine the nature of Canada's youth justice system. The Youth Court Survey provides data to monitor the current practice of the courts to deal with youths, aged 12 to 17 at the time of the offence, in the criminal justice system. This Juristat provides information on the nature and volume of cases processed by the youth courts of Canada, on accused characteristics, and on case outcomes during the 1995-96 fiscal year (April to March). National caseload trends are also included.

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This article examines characteristics associated with the use of bicycles and bicycle helmets by children and adults.

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Many studies have examined the influence of children's upbringing, and home and school experiences on their development. These studies, however, often suffer from several limitations. They either examine children in other countries, use local samples that are not representative of Canadian children in general, or examine a limited number of factors in a single area of development.

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This paper examines the distribution of literacy skills for Canadian youth aged 16 to 25, and the underlying factors that influence literacy, such as family background, level of schooling, employment experiences, age and sex.

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The 1995 School Leavers Follow-up Survey re-interview about two-thirds of the respondents involved in the 1991 School Leavers Survey. This article presents updated findings on the education, training and labour market experiences of youths during the first few years after leaving or graduating from high school. (Adapted from an article in Education Quarterly Review, Winter 1996.)

Description:

This article previews the findings of the 1995 School Leavers Follow-up Survey. The information will interest people in areas such as education or youth employment: policy makers, community advocates, teachers, counsellors, administrators, and young people themselves. Included is basic information about the education, training and labour market experiences of youth during the first few years after leaving or graduating from high school. A comprehensive report on school-work transitions among youth will follow later in 1997.

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A look at trends in transfer payments to families from 1980 to 1994. How have these transfers responded to changes in business cycles and how effective have they been in raising two-parent and lone-parent families above the low income cut-offs?

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Our aim in this paper is to resolve a paradox. Since the 1970s, there has been a downward secular trend in the average real and relative earnings of young adults under the age of 35. Despite the fact that most young children live in households headed by adults under 35, there has been no corresponding secular rise in the incidence of low income among children. Rather child poverty has followed the usual fluctuations of the business cycle.

We show that the relative stability in child poverty rates in the face of declining labour market earnings is a result of two factors. First, the decline in market income in young households with children has been offset by rising transfers. Since the 1970s, social transfers have replaced earnings as the main source of income among low income families with children.

Second, changes in the fertility behaviour and labour market characteristics of young adults have sharply reduced the risk of young children growing up in low income households. Today's young parents are better educated, working more hours, having fewer children, and postponing child-birth until later ages when earnings are higher. Although more children do find themselves in single parent families, this change has been swamped by other changes in family patterns and labour market behaviour that have reduced the risk of child poverty.

Thus, the upward pressure on low income among children stemming from the labour market has been offset by social transfers, on the one hand, and by changes in family formation and the labour market behaviour of young adults, on the other. Except for cyclical variations, the result has been relative stability in the incidence of low income among children over the 1980s and early 1990s. Whether these offsetting patterns will continue in the last half of the 1990s remains to be seen.

Description:

Cycle 11 collected data from persons 15 years and older and concentrated on help given or received during temporary difficult times or out of necessity due to long-term health or physical limitations in daily activities either inside or outside the household. The target population of the General Social Survey consisted of all individuals aged 15 and over living in a private household in one of the ten provinces.

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Series Description - The Nation Series (1996 Census of Population) is the first released series where basic data at a high level of geography are presented on variables collected by the 1996 Census.There are a total of 143 tables in the Nation Series which cover all census variables.The Complete Edition CDROM, Catalogue number 93F0020XCB96004 contains the cumulative set of all data tables from all Nation Series CDROMs.This comprehensive CDROM provides a full range of statistics on characteristics of the population which includes:Demographic information (100% data only for Age and Sex, Marital Status and Common-law Unions); Families (Number, Type and Structure); Structural Type of Dwelling and Household Size; Immigration and Citizenship; Languages; Aboriginal Origin, Ethnic Origin and Visible Minorities (Population Groups); Labour Market Activities and Household Activities (unpaid work); Place of Work and Mode of Transportation; Education; Mobility and Migration; Family, Dwellings and Household Information; as well as Individual and Family Income. Selected variables, such as occupation, are available to illustrate the analytical potential of the data based on cross-tabulations (i.e. sex by age and occupation).These data are national in coverage and provide information for Canada, provinces and territories and, in some tabulations, census metropolitan area levels. Some tables include comparisons with data from earlier censuses to provide an historical perspective.A variety of Nation Series data table extracts presenting social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population are available at the Statistics Canada Census Web site (www.statcan.gc.ca).

Description:

The objectives of this survey were:- to accurately describe the nature of child care needs in Canada;

- to find out what child care arrangements and options parents prefer;- to find out what influences child care needs, use patterns and preferences;- to examine how different child care patterns affect children, and parents, both on an individual basis and in relationship to each other;- to find out how parents feel about the affordability and quality of major child care options.

This is a personal computer version with the data residing in a relational database along with retrieval software.

Description: This infographic investigates sandwich caregiving in Canada in 2022, defined as providing care in the past 12 months to both children under 15 years old and care-dependent adults and youth over 15 years old with a long-term condition or disability. The infographic explores the prevalence of sandwich caregiving, the types of relationships involved, and the impacts of this type of caregiving.

Description: This Juristat article provides insight into the prevalence, characteristics and consequences of dating violence among teens aged 15 to 17 in Canada. Violence between dating partners can include criminal acts such as physical and sexual violence, as well as acts that may not reach the criminal threshold (e.g., emotional and psychological abuse) but which can nonetheless have negative consequences for victims. Teens’ attitudes towards violence and control in intimate relationships are also presented. Findings are based on self-reported data collected through the 2018 Survey of Safety in Public and Private Spaces and on police-reported data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey. Where possible, comparisons between genders, age groups and other populations of interest are presented.

Description: Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey and the Integrated Criminal Courts Survey, this Juristat article expands on previous analysis and explores the prevalence and nature of police-reported incidents of online child sexual exploitation in Canada between 2014 and 2022. This article examines the types of incidents reported to police, including both online sexual offences against children and child pornography offences, as well as characteristics of victims and accused persons.

An analysis of court data is presented, examining the types of charges processed in Canadian courts related to sexual offences against children that were likely facilitated online. Characteristics of adults and youth accused are also presented, along with the outcome of the charges laid against them.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This infographic highlights the prevalence and nature of cyber-related harms against young people.

Description: This infographic examines where youth aged 15 to 17 in Canada typically get their sexual health information, using data from the Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth (CHSCY) 2019.

Description: Sexual health education delivered in school, provided by parents, or provided by other formal sources has been associated with increased rates of condom use and improvements in many other sexual risk behaviours. Friends and the internet are other information sources, although quality and accuracy of information are not always as high. The objective of this study is to update Canadian information about sources of sex education self-reported by adolescents and the related resource of having an adult to talk with about puberty and sexual health. Data from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth were used to examine the sources typically used to obtain sexual health information by 15- to 17-year-olds, as well as the prevalence and characteristics of adolescents reporting not having an adult to talk with about sexual health and puberty.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This infographic presents findings on child care arrangements in 2023 about children aged 0 to 5. It looks at the use and types of child care arrangements that families use, the percent of children on a waitlist for child care, as well as parental expenses.

Description: This report presents a conceptual framework of Canada’s care economy. This framework is based on a review of Canadian and international research on the topic as well as consultations with key stakeholders and experts. The report summarizes relevant research on the care economy, delineates the scope and boundaries for the Canadian context, and proposes key definitions of paid and unpaid care work.

Description: This fact sheet presents a data ecosystem comprised of a set of data sources that, together, provide information on children eligible for instruction in the minority official language.

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Dr. J. Douglas Willms, and his staff at the Canadian Research Institute for Social Policy (CRISP) at the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton Campus), have developed a set of files for researchers interested in using Statistics Canada's National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) data sets. "The Files" consist of SPSS data and syntax, which are intended to assist researchers in conducting more efficient longitudinal analyses, using NLSCY data.

Description:

As part of the processing of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) cycle 4 data, historical revisions have been made to the data of the first 3 cycles, either to correct errors or to update the data. During processing, particular attention was given to the PERSRUK (Person Identifier) and the FIELDRUK (Household Identifier). The same level of attention has not been given to the other identifiers that are included in the data base, the CHILDID (Person identifier) and the _IDHD01 (Household identifier). These identifiers have been created for the public files and can also be found in the master files by default. The PERSRUK should be used to link records between files and the FIELDRUK to determine the household when using the master files.

Description:

The National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) is the first Canada-wide survey of children. Starting in 1994, it will gather information on a sample of children and their life experiences. It will follow these children over time. The survey will collect information on children and their families, education, health, development, behaviour, friends, activities, etc. This document describes the survey instruments of cycle 4.

Description:

The Youth in Transition Survey (YITS) is a longitudinal survey designed to provide policy-relevant information about school-work transitions and factors influencing pathways. YITS will provide vehicle for future research and analysis of major transitions in young people's lives, particularly those between education, training and work. Information obtained from, and research based on, the survey will help clarify the nature and causes of short and long-term challenges young people face in school-work transitions and support policy planning and decision making to help prevent or remedy these problems.

Objectives of the Youth in Transition Survey were developed after an extensive consultation with stakeholders with an interest in youth and school-work transitions. Content includes measurement of major transitions in young people's lives including virtually all formal educational experiences and most labour-market experiences. Factors influencing transitions are also included family background, school experiences, achievement, aspirations and expectations, and employment experiences.

The implementation plan encompasses a longitudinal survey for each of two age cohorts, to be surveyed every two years. Data from a cohort entering at age 15 will permit analysis of long-term school-work transition patterns. Data from a cohort entering at ages18-20 will provide more immediate, policy-relevant information on young adults in the labour market.

Cycle one for the cohort aged 15 will include information collected from youth, their parents, and school principals. The sample design is a school-based frame that allows the selection of schools, and then individuals within schools. This design will permit analysis of school effects, a research domain not currently addressed by other Statistics Canada surveys. Methods of data collection include a self-completed questionnaire for youth and school principals, a telephone interview with parents, and assessment of youth competency in reading, science and mathematics as using self-completed test booklets provided under the integration of YITS with the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). A pilot survey was conducted in April 1999 and the main survey took place in April-May 2000. Interviews were conducted with 30,000 students aged 15 from 1,000 schools in Canada. A telephone interview with parents of selected students took place in June 2000.

The sample design for the cohort aged 18-20 is similar to that of the Labour-Force survey. The method of data collection is computer-assisted telephone interviewing. The pilot survey was conducted in January 1999. In January-February 2000, 23, 000 youth participated in the main survey data collection.

Data from both cohorts is expected to be available in 2001. Following release of the first international report by the OECD/PISA project and the first national report, data will be publically available, permitting detailed exploration of content themes.

Description:

The National Longitudinal Survey of Children (NLSC) is the first Canada-wide survey of children. Starting in 1994, it will gather information on a sample of children and their life experiences. It will follow these children over time, collecting information on the children and their families, education, health, development, behaviour, friends, activities, etc.

Description: The objective of the Youth Court Survey (YCS) is to develop and maintain a database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in youth courts.

Description: The objective of the Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS) is to develop and maintain a national database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in youth courts and adult criminal courts. The survey is intended to be a census of pending and completed federal statute charges heard in provincial-territorial and superior courts in Canada. Appeal courts, federal courts (e.g., Tax Court of Canada) and the Supreme Court of Canada are not covered by the survey.

Description: The Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Youth monitors trends in correctional populations and provides a basis for calculating incarceration rates based on the Canadian population. This survey describes average counts of adults and youth under custody and under community supervision, who are under the responsibility of provincial/territorial correctional services.

Description: The purpose of the Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) survey is to provide important indicators as to the nature and case characteristics of youth in correctional services and are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of youth correctional services from the provinces and territories.