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  • 51. Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 99-010-X2011008
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, classifications, data quality and comparability to other sources. Additional information is included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the NHS.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 52. Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey Archived
    Table: 99-010-X2011028
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Description:

    This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 53. Visible Minority (15), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey Archived
    Table: 99-010-X2011029
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Description:

    This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 54. Detailed Mother Tongue (158), Generation Status (4), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Number of Non-Official Languages Spoken (5), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2011 National Household Survey Archived
    Table: 99-010-X2011034
    Geography: Province or territory
    Description:

    This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 55. National Household Survey Profile
    Profile of a community or region: 99-004-X
    Description:

    This profile presents information from the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) for various levels of geography, including provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, census divisions, census subdivisions and federal electoral districts. Data include the topics of: Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity; Aboriginal Peoples; Education and Labour; Mobility and Migration; Income and Housing.

    Data are available according to the 2011 NHS major release dates: May 8, 2013 - Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, and Aboriginal Peoples; June 26, 2013 - Education and Labour, and Mobility and Migration; August 14, 2013 - Income and Housing.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 56. Choice or Necessity: Do Immigrants and Their Children Choose Self-employment for the Same Reasons? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2012342
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Immigrants in major industrialized countries are disproportionately represented in self-employment as compared to the domestic-born. Using a generational cohort method and data from the 20% sample file of the 1981 Canadian Census and the 20% sample file of the 2006 Canadian Census, this study examines whether the effects of three important determinants of self-employment--expected earnings differentials between paid employment and self-employment, difficulties in the labour market, and ethnic enclaves--differ between immigrants and the Canadian-born, between children of immigrants and children of the Canadian-born, and between children of immigrants and their parents.

    Release date: 2012-04-17
  • 57. Bosses of Their Own: Are Children of Immigrants More Likely than Their Parents to Be Self-Employed? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2012341
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Self-employment has been regarded as an important pathway for many immigrants to engage in the labour market. However, little is known about self-employment among the children of immigrants. Using the 1981 and 2006 Canadian censuses of population and a generational cohort method of analysis, this paper compares the self-employment rates of immigrant parents and the children of immigrant parents when both were 25 to 44 years of age. The focus is on three questions: (1) Are children of immigrants likelier or less likely than immigrant parents to be self-employed?; (2) Are children of immigrants likelier or less likely than children of Canadian-born parents to be self-employed?; (3) Is the generational change in the self-employment rate from immigrant parents to the children of immigrants different from the generational change from Canadian-born parents to their children?

    Release date: 2012-04-16
  • 58. Recent evolution of immigrant-language transmission in Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X201100211453
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines the extent of transmission of immigrant languages between 1981 and 2006. It compares immigrant mothers having a non-official mother tongue and their children born in Canada using a cross-sectional approach. Then a longitudinal approach is used to compare immigrant mothers in 1981 with their second-generation daughters in 2006. The article is based on census data from 1981 and 2006.

    Release date: 2011-06-07
  • 59. Seeking Success in Canada and the United States: The Determinants of Labour Market Outcomes Among the Children of Immigrants Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2011331
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper reviews recent research on the determinants of the labour market outcomes of the children of immigrants in Canada and in the U.S. New research on outcomes in Canada is also presented. In the aggregate, and with no controls, the labour market outcomes of the second generation-the children of immigrants-are equal to, or better than, those of the third-and-higher generations-the children of domestic-born parents. However, the story is somewhat different after one has accounted for the superior educational levels and the residential locations of the second generation. In the U.S, the second generation's advantage in labour market outcomes disappears; in Canada, among second-generation members of a visible-minority group, the advantage turns marginally negative. Ethnic group/source region differences in outcomes loom large in both countries. The important determinants of the earnings gap between the second generation and the third-and-higher generations include educational attainment, which accounts for about half of the wage gap, residential location, ethnic background, the degree of "ethnic capital," and the educational and earnings mobility between immigrants and their children.

    Release date: 2011-03-03
  • 60. Preparing for Success in Canada and the United States: The Determinants of Educational Attainment Among the Children of Immigrants Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2011332
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper reviews the recent research on the determinants of the educational attainment among the children of immigrants born in Canada and the United States, also known as the second generation. The focus is on the gap in educational attainment between the second and third-and-higher generations (the children of domestic-born parents), as well as the intergenerational transmission of education between immigrants and their children.

    On average, the children of immigrants have educational levels significantly above those of their counterparts in Canada with Canadian-born parents. In the U.S., educational levels are roughly the same between these two groups. In both countries, conditional on the educational attainment of the parents and location of residence, the children of immigrants attain higher levels of education than the third-and-higher generations. Parental education and residential location are major determinants of the numerically positive gap in educational attainment between the children of immigrants and the children of Canadian-born or American-born parents. However, even after accounting for these and other demographic background variables, much of the positive gap between the second generation and the third-and-higher generations remains in Canada.

    In Canada, parental education is less important as a determinant of educational attainment for the children in immigrant families than for those with Canadian-born parents. Less educated immigrant parents are more likely to see their children attain higher levels of education than are their Canadian-born counterparts.

    Outcomes vary significantly by ethnic/source region group in both countries. In the U.S., some second-generation ethnic/source region groups, such as those with Mexican, Puerto Rican and other Central/South American backgrounds, have relatively low levels of education (unadjusted data with no controls). However, conditional on background characteristics, these second-generation groups achieve higher levels than their third-and-higher-generation counterparts. In contrast, in Canada, children of the larger and increasingly numerically important immigrant groups (Chinese, South Asians, Africans, etc.) register superior educational attainment levels to those of the third-and-higher generations. This result is partly related to the high levels of parental education and of group-level 'ethnic capital' among these immigrant groups.

    Release date: 2011-02-15
Data (78)

Data (78) (0 to 10 of 78 results)

  • 1. Mother tongue by generation status and number of languages known: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts
    Table: 98-10-0364-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Mother tongue (241), Number of languages known (11), Age (12), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Generation status (4)
    Description: Data on mother tongue by generation status, number of languages known, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-06-21
  • 2. All languages spoken at home by mother tongue, knowledge of official languages and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts
    Table: 98-10-0617-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Mother tongue (241), Knowledge of official languages (5), Generation status (4), Age (12), Gender (3), All languages spoken at home (11)
    Description: Data on all languages spoken at home by mother tongue, knowledge of official languages, generation status, age and gender for the population in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-06-21
  • 3. Visible minority by income and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts
    Table: 98-10-0331-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Income statistics (17), Generation status (4), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Age (15B), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Visible minority (15)
    Description: Data on visible minority by income, generation status, highest certificate, diploma or degree, age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and parts.
    Release date: 2023-05-10
  • 4. Religion by ethnic or cultural origins: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0341-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Ethnic or cultural origin (530), Religion (25), Age (15C), Gender (3), Single and multiple ethnic or cultural origin responses (3), Generation status (4)
    Description: Data on religion by ethnic or cultural origin, generation status, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and parts.
    Release date: 2023-05-10
  • 5. Highest level of education by census year, visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations
    Table: 98-10-0429-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (15), Statistics (2A), Gender (3a), Age (15A), Visible minority (15), Generation status (4), Census year (4)
    Description: Historical Census data (2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021) on highest certificate, diploma or degree of visible minority groups, including percentages.
    Release date: 2022-12-09
  • 6. Highest level of education by major field of study, visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0431-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3), Age (15A), Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 (63), Visible minority (15), Generation status (4), Statistics (2A)
    Description: Overview of educational characteristics of visible minority groups (with generation status), with percent distribution of highest certificate, diploma or degree.
    Release date: 2022-11-30
  • 7. Occupation (STEM and non-STEM) by visible minority, generation status, age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts
    Table: 98-10-0454-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Occupation - STEM and non-STEM - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (25A), Generation status (4), Age (15A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Visible minority (15)
    Description: Data on the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) variant of the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 version 1.0 by visible minority, generation status, age and gender.
    Release date: 2022-11-30
  • 8. Generation status by languages spoken at home and mother tongue: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0321-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Language spoken most often at home (241), Other language(s) spoken regularly at home (10), Generation status (4), Age (8D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Mother tongue (9)
    Description: Data on generation status by mother tongue, languages spoken at home, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and parts.
    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 9. Visible minority and population group by generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts
    Table: 98-10-0324-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Population group (87), Generation status (4), Age (15C), Statistics (3), Visible minority (15)
    Description: Data on visible minority and population group by generation status for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and parts.
    Release date: 2022-10-26
  • 10. Visible minority by mother tongue and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0325-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Mother tongue (234), Visible minority (15), Generation status (4), Age (15C), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Single and multiple mother tongue responses (3)
    Description: Data on visible minority by mother tongue, generation status, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and parts.
    Release date: 2022-10-26
Analysis (28)

Analysis (28) (0 to 10 of 28 results)

  • 1. Changing demographics of racialized people in Canada
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800001
    Description: In the past few decades, the number of racialized people in Canada has increased at a much faster rate than the population as a whole. This article uses data from the 2001 and 2021 censuses of population to examine population growth and changing demographics of racialized people. The study presents new data for 11 subgroups of the racialized population, their generational composition and changes in their share of people with a mixed racialized–White identity.
    Release date: 2023-08-23
  • 2. Poverty persists among some racialized Canadians from the first generation to the third generation or more
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202323537544
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2023-08-23
  • 3. Immigrant and second-generation entrepreneurs in Canada: An intergenerational comparison of business ownership
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900003
    Description:

    Entrepreneurship and businesses ownership are important aspects of the economic contribution of immigrants. Much is known regarding the high self-employment rates and other characteristics of immigrant entrepreneurs. However, very little is known about the based wage disparity, including gender-related biases in career advancement. Using new content developed in the 2016 General Social Survey (GSS Cycle 30): Canadians at Work and Home, this study investigates the possible existence and magnitude of gender-related biases in career advancement that may prevent women from advancing in their careers.

    Release date: 2021-09-22
  • 4. Toronto – A data Story on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-631-X2019002
    Geography: Census metropolitan area
    Description:

    This presentation on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada shows an overview of the evolution of ethnic, cultural, religious and linguistic diversity and its measurement in Canada, with a focus on one of the country’s largest metropolitan areas: Toronto. It also outlines the inherent challenges and opportunities embedded in the measurement of diversity and highlights some of the very real socio-economic disparities observed on the road to inclusiveness and integration.

    Release date: 2019-07-03
  • 5. Vancouver – A data Story on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-631-X2019004
    Geography: Census metropolitan area
    Description:

    This presentation on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada shows an overview of the evolution of ethnic, cultural, religious and linguistic diversity and its measurement in Canada, with a focus on one of the country’s largest metropolitan areas: Vancouver. It also outlines the inherent challenges and opportunities embedded in the measurement of diversity and highlights some of the very real socio-economic disparities observed on the road to inclusiveness and integration.

    Release date: 2019-05-10
  • 6. Montréal – A data story on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-631-X2019001
    Geography: Census metropolitan area
    Description:

    This presentation on Ethnocultural Diversity and Inclusion in Canada shows an overview of the evolution of ethnic, cultural, religious and linguistic diversity and its measurement in Canada, with a focus on one of the country’s largest metropolitan areas: Montréal.

    It also outlines the inherent challenges and opportunities embedded in the measurement of diversity and highlights some of the very real socio-economic disparities observed on the road to inclusiveness and integration.

    Release date: 2019-04-11
  • 7. Diversity of the Black population in Canada: An overview Archived
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2019002
    Description:

    The Black population in Canada is widely diverse and has a long and rich history. This publication outlines the demographic and diversity of this population. It contains a mix of tables, charts and maps, as well as short descriptive analysis of census data on some key topics related to the Black population, including gender, age structure, place of birth/generation status, immigration, ethnic origins, languages and geographical highlights.

    Release date: 2019-02-27
  • 8. Ethnic and cultural origins of Canadians: Portrait of a rich heritage
    Stats in brief: 98-200-X2016016
    Description:

    This Census in Brief article examines the ethnic and cultural origins of the Canadian population and provides an overview of its composition by generation status. It also covers the reporting of multiple ethnic origins.

    Release date: 2017-10-25
  • 9. Study: Patterns and determinants of immigrants’ sense of belonging to Canada and their source country 1980 to 2012 Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X201629215302
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2016-10-18
  • 10. Study: Diversity of young adults living with their parents 1981 to 2011 Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X201616714461
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2016-06-15
Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

  • 1. Ethnic or cultural origins: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census
    Notices and consultations: 98-20-00022020001
    Description:

    The 2019 Census Test included three different versions of a question on ethnic or cultural origins. This paper summarizes the results of the 2019 Census Test and, using these results, provides the rationale for modifying the question on ethnic or cultural origins.

    Release date: 2020-07-20
  • 2. Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 99-010-X2011008
    Description:

    This reference guide provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, classifications, data quality and comparability to other sources. Additional information is included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the NHS.

    Release date: 2013-05-08
  • 3. Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, 2006 Census Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-557-P2006003
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This guide focuses on the following demographic variables: Place of birth, Generation status, Citizenship and Immigration.

    Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

    Release date: 2008-01-09
  • 4. National Household Survey
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 5178
    Description: Complementing the data collected by the census, the National Household Survey (NHS) is designed to provide information about people in Canada by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. In October 2014, Statistics Canada will be conducting a voluntary test in selected locations to evaluate the processes, procedures and systems that will be used for the 2016 Census Program. This ensures that quality data are available in 2016 to support a wide variety of programs.
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