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- Articles and reports: 81-003-X20010046386Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article estimates the cost for Canadian students studying in a master's program for one full year at a Canadian university, by province, field of study and gender. It uses the National Graduates Survey and supplemental information on tuition, incidental fees, books, room and board, and lost income.
Release date: 2002-10-29 - 2. Student loans: borrowing and burden ArchivedArticles and reports: 81-003-X20010046387Geography: CanadaDescription:
This analysis addresses issues around student borrowing and debt loads, using data from the Canadian Student Loan Program.
Release date: 2002-10-29 - Journals and periodicals: 81-592-XDescription:
This Pan-Canadian Education Research Agenda (PCERA) 2001 symposium synthesis report was written by Dr. Yvonne Hébert of the University of Calgary. This synthesis report offers a critical review of the research presented at the third PCERA symposium held at Laval University in Québec on May 22 and 23, 2001. The symposium, which was held in conjunction with the Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE) and the Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education (CSSHE) during the annual Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities, explored research and policy issues related to the role of teacher education/educator training, teacher/educator supply and demand, teacher/educator professional development, indicators of success, and leadership.
This report addresses the major policy issues that were discussed at the event and offers recommendations for future research.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Journals and periodicals: 81-593-XDescription:
This Pan-Canadian Education Research Agenda (PCERA) 2001 symposium report documents the proceedings of a symposium held at Laval University in Québec on May 22 and 23, 2001. The symposium, which was held in conjunction with the Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE) and the Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education (CSSHE) during the Annual Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities, explored research and policy issues related to the role of teacher education/educator training, teacher/educator supply and demand, teacher/educator professional development, indicators of success, and leadership.
This report includes summaries of speeches, discussions and research presentations, as well as research paper abstracts and the researchers' biographies. According to the report, new teachers and educators will need more support and resources to succeed. Professional growth plans and other professional development strategies for teachers and educators should be investigated to effectively promote lifelong learning. The report suggests that partnerships between universities and schools could strengthen teacher training programs.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002191Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study assesses how geographic distance between home and school affects the probability of attending university shortly after high school graduation. Students that grow up near a university can save on costs by staying home to attend the local university and thus may be more likely to attend. Using the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, a database of Canadian university postal codes and a special postal code conversion file that calculates the geographic co-ordinates of postal codes, it was possible to estimate the straight-line distances between the homes of high school students prior to graduating and the nearest university. After controlling for family income, parental education and other factors associated with university participation, students living 'out-of-commuting distance' are far less likely to attend than are students living 'within commuting distance.' Distance also plays a role in the relationship between university participation and its other correlates, such as family income and sex.
Release date: 2002-06-24 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002164Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper reports the results of an empirical analysis of the early career outcomes of recent Canadian Bachelor's level graduates by discipline based on three waves of the National Graduates Surveys, which comprise large, representative databases of individuals who successfully completed their programmes at Canadian universities in 1982, 1986, and 1990, with information gathered during interviews conducted two and five years after graduation for each group of graduates (1984/87, 1988/92, 1990/95).
The outcomes analysed, all broken down by sex and discipline, include: the distribution of graduates by field and the percentage of female graduates; the percentage of graduates who subsequently completed another educational programme; the overall evaluation of the choice of major (would they choose it again?); unemployment rates, the percentage of workers in part-time jobs, in temporary jobs, self-employed; the job-education skill and credentials matches; earnings levels and rates of growth; and job satisfaction (earnings, overall).
Many of the outcomes conform to expectations, typically reflecting the different orientations of the various disciplines with respect to direct career preparedness, with the professions and other applied disciplines generally characterised by lower unemployment rates, closer skill and qualification matches, higher earnings, and so on. On the other hand, while the "applied" fields also tend to perform well in terms of the "softer", more subjective measures regarding job satisfaction and the overall evaluation of the chosen programme (would the graduate choose the same major again?), the findings also indicate that graduates' assessments of their post-graduation experiences and overall evaluations of the programmes from which they graduated are based on more than simply adding up standard measures of labour market "success", with the job satisfaction scores and - perhaps most interestingly - the overall programme evaluations often departing from what the objective measures (unemployment rates, earnings levels, etc.) might have predicted. Some implications of the findings are discussed and avenues for future research are suggested.
Release date: 2002-03-21 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002183Geography: CanadaDescription:
Changes in the labour market such as an increase in the incidence of part-time, part-year work, multiple job holding and self-employment have often been conjectured as demand-driven shifts - that is, that they have resulted from a lack of more traditional job opportunities rather than in response to workers' changing preferences. Yet while the issue of non-standard work is an interesting and important one, there is relatively little existing empirical evidence on the topic.
The general purpose of this paper is to report the results of an empirical analysis that exploits the self-employment status indicator available in the National Graduates Survey (and Follow-Up) databases. It documents and analyses the patterns of self-employment amongst several cohorts of Canadian post-secondary graduates in the first five years following graduation. More specifically, it provides solid empirical documentation of the incidence of self-employment (levels, patterns, trends) amongst recent college and university graduates, overall, and broken down by degree level, sex and year of graduation. This paper also addresses the issue of whether self-employment tends to be the preferred employment option (for those who enter it), or the result of a lack of suitable "conventional" employment opportunities, or some combination of the two.
There are two over-arching conclusions to be drawn from the analysis. First, the incidence of self-employment was relatively stable for the first three cohorts of graduates covered in the analysis. The overall rates ranged from 6.5 to 11.1 percent amongst male graduates and from 3.2 to 6.7 percent for females. The rates tended to be higher for some (but not all) graduates of the most recent cohort (graduates of 1995). Second, the evidence generally points to self-employment representing a relatively attractive job status on average: For every cohort the rates of self-employment rise from the first interview following graduation (after two years) to the second (after five years), an interval over which job opportunities generally improve significantly for graduates; Simple point-in-time (cross-sectional) comparisons of earnings, the job-education skill match, and job satisfaction levels suggest that although the results are somewhat mixed, there is little evidence that the self-employment status is generally characterized by less favourable outcomes, and is perhaps particularly marked by generally higher (not lower) overall levels of job satisfaction;Finally, both the conventional cross-sectional earnings model and the difference equations which control for various fixed effects with which job status might be correlated, further point to self-employment being a higher-paying (and therefore more attractive) job status than the conventional paid worker status.
Release date: 2002-03-21
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- Articles and reports: 81-003-X20010046386Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article estimates the cost for Canadian students studying in a master's program for one full year at a Canadian university, by province, field of study and gender. It uses the National Graduates Survey and supplemental information on tuition, incidental fees, books, room and board, and lost income.
Release date: 2002-10-29 - 2. Student loans: borrowing and burden ArchivedArticles and reports: 81-003-X20010046387Geography: CanadaDescription:
This analysis addresses issues around student borrowing and debt loads, using data from the Canadian Student Loan Program.
Release date: 2002-10-29 - Journals and periodicals: 81-592-XDescription:
This Pan-Canadian Education Research Agenda (PCERA) 2001 symposium synthesis report was written by Dr. Yvonne Hébert of the University of Calgary. This synthesis report offers a critical review of the research presented at the third PCERA symposium held at Laval University in Québec on May 22 and 23, 2001. The symposium, which was held in conjunction with the Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE) and the Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education (CSSHE) during the annual Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities, explored research and policy issues related to the role of teacher education/educator training, teacher/educator supply and demand, teacher/educator professional development, indicators of success, and leadership.
This report addresses the major policy issues that were discussed at the event and offers recommendations for future research.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Journals and periodicals: 81-593-XDescription:
This Pan-Canadian Education Research Agenda (PCERA) 2001 symposium report documents the proceedings of a symposium held at Laval University in Québec on May 22 and 23, 2001. The symposium, which was held in conjunction with the Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE) and the Canadian Society for the Study of Higher Education (CSSHE) during the Annual Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities, explored research and policy issues related to the role of teacher education/educator training, teacher/educator supply and demand, teacher/educator professional development, indicators of success, and leadership.
This report includes summaries of speeches, discussions and research presentations, as well as research paper abstracts and the researchers' biographies. According to the report, new teachers and educators will need more support and resources to succeed. Professional growth plans and other professional development strategies for teachers and educators should be investigated to effectively promote lifelong learning. The report suggests that partnerships between universities and schools could strengthen teacher training programs.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002191Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study assesses how geographic distance between home and school affects the probability of attending university shortly after high school graduation. Students that grow up near a university can save on costs by staying home to attend the local university and thus may be more likely to attend. Using the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, a database of Canadian university postal codes and a special postal code conversion file that calculates the geographic co-ordinates of postal codes, it was possible to estimate the straight-line distances between the homes of high school students prior to graduating and the nearest university. After controlling for family income, parental education and other factors associated with university participation, students living 'out-of-commuting distance' are far less likely to attend than are students living 'within commuting distance.' Distance also plays a role in the relationship between university participation and its other correlates, such as family income and sex.
Release date: 2002-06-24 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002164Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper reports the results of an empirical analysis of the early career outcomes of recent Canadian Bachelor's level graduates by discipline based on three waves of the National Graduates Surveys, which comprise large, representative databases of individuals who successfully completed their programmes at Canadian universities in 1982, 1986, and 1990, with information gathered during interviews conducted two and five years after graduation for each group of graduates (1984/87, 1988/92, 1990/95).
The outcomes analysed, all broken down by sex and discipline, include: the distribution of graduates by field and the percentage of female graduates; the percentage of graduates who subsequently completed another educational programme; the overall evaluation of the choice of major (would they choose it again?); unemployment rates, the percentage of workers in part-time jobs, in temporary jobs, self-employed; the job-education skill and credentials matches; earnings levels and rates of growth; and job satisfaction (earnings, overall).
Many of the outcomes conform to expectations, typically reflecting the different orientations of the various disciplines with respect to direct career preparedness, with the professions and other applied disciplines generally characterised by lower unemployment rates, closer skill and qualification matches, higher earnings, and so on. On the other hand, while the "applied" fields also tend to perform well in terms of the "softer", more subjective measures regarding job satisfaction and the overall evaluation of the chosen programme (would the graduate choose the same major again?), the findings also indicate that graduates' assessments of their post-graduation experiences and overall evaluations of the programmes from which they graduated are based on more than simply adding up standard measures of labour market "success", with the job satisfaction scores and - perhaps most interestingly - the overall programme evaluations often departing from what the objective measures (unemployment rates, earnings levels, etc.) might have predicted. Some implications of the findings are discussed and avenues for future research are suggested.
Release date: 2002-03-21 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2002183Geography: CanadaDescription:
Changes in the labour market such as an increase in the incidence of part-time, part-year work, multiple job holding and self-employment have often been conjectured as demand-driven shifts - that is, that they have resulted from a lack of more traditional job opportunities rather than in response to workers' changing preferences. Yet while the issue of non-standard work is an interesting and important one, there is relatively little existing empirical evidence on the topic.
The general purpose of this paper is to report the results of an empirical analysis that exploits the self-employment status indicator available in the National Graduates Survey (and Follow-Up) databases. It documents and analyses the patterns of self-employment amongst several cohorts of Canadian post-secondary graduates in the first five years following graduation. More specifically, it provides solid empirical documentation of the incidence of self-employment (levels, patterns, trends) amongst recent college and university graduates, overall, and broken down by degree level, sex and year of graduation. This paper also addresses the issue of whether self-employment tends to be the preferred employment option (for those who enter it), or the result of a lack of suitable "conventional" employment opportunities, or some combination of the two.
There are two over-arching conclusions to be drawn from the analysis. First, the incidence of self-employment was relatively stable for the first three cohorts of graduates covered in the analysis. The overall rates ranged from 6.5 to 11.1 percent amongst male graduates and from 3.2 to 6.7 percent for females. The rates tended to be higher for some (but not all) graduates of the most recent cohort (graduates of 1995). Second, the evidence generally points to self-employment representing a relatively attractive job status on average: For every cohort the rates of self-employment rise from the first interview following graduation (after two years) to the second (after five years), an interval over which job opportunities generally improve significantly for graduates; Simple point-in-time (cross-sectional) comparisons of earnings, the job-education skill match, and job satisfaction levels suggest that although the results are somewhat mixed, there is little evidence that the self-employment status is generally characterized by less favourable outcomes, and is perhaps particularly marked by generally higher (not lower) overall levels of job satisfaction;Finally, both the conventional cross-sectional earnings model and the difference equations which control for various fixed effects with which job status might be correlated, further point to self-employment being a higher-paying (and therefore more attractive) job status than the conventional paid worker status.
Release date: 2002-03-21
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