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This release provides data on the research and development activities of the private non-profit sector. Although the contribution of this sector to the national research and development effort is small in dollar terms, (approximately 0.6% of the total research and development performed in Canada for 2001) its impact, particularly in the university and hospital sectors, is significant.

This paper compares six definitions of the word 'rural' from databases at Statistics Canada. Each definition emphasizes different criteria (population size, density, context) and has different associated thresholds. The size of the territorial units (building blocks) from which each definition is constructed also varies.

Businesses today are involved in a variety of practices aimed at preventing or reducing environmental degradation generated from their production activity. During the 1990s, the environmental regulation context changed. Increasingly, governments have relied on voluntary initiatives undertaken by businesses to reduce pollutants and waste, as opposed to regulations. However, at the same time, the federal authorities have undertaken to revise the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), in order to increase federal power for environmental regulation but with strong emphasis put on promoting pollution prevention. Consequently, businesses today are looking at alternative ways to limit impacts from their operations on the environment.

Environmental Management and Technologies in the Business Sector presents a profile of business demand for environmental processes and technologies, pollution prevention methods and environmental practices, such as environmental management systems and voluntary actions. What types of treatment processes are the most popular ones for reducing gas emissions, liquid, solid and hazardous waste, noise, radiation and vibration, for saving energy or for site reclamation? What is the market for environmental processes and technologies? What pollution prevention methods are used more frequently? What additional environmental practices have businesses adopted (for instance, are voluntary programs more popular than eco-labelling?)?

This paper is based on results from the Survey of Environmental Protection Expenditures. For the first time, the survey asked detailed questions on the type of environmental process or technology used and the adoption of environmental practices. The paper is a complement to both 1996-1997 and 1998 Environmental Protection Expenditures in the Business Sector reports (Catalogue no. 16F0006XIE).

Cyber-crime is a global problem that in many instances transcends national borders. Historically, compiling meaningful statistics about this activity has been difficult because of the reluctance on the part of victims to report these offences to police. However, because of the financial losses sustained, an increasing number of these crimes are being reported to police. As a result, federal, provincial and territorial governments, as well as the police community, are interested in analyzing national trends on cyber-crime and their impact on Canadians.

In response to this need for information, the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics (CCJS) conducted a Special Study to examine the issues and data sources related to cyber-crime and to investigate the feasibility of collecting quantitative data from police services in Canada. This report examines definitions of cyber-crime, current legislation in Canada and other countries, existing data sources, summarizes results from consultations with selected police forces, and presents options for collecting cyber-crime data from police agencies.

This paper examines the characteristics of men 55 and over who are no longer active in the labour market, and the "voluntary" or "involuntary" reasons for inactivity.

This article looks at how people feel about their neighbourhood.

This article explores the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the underweight population.

This article examines the extent to which Canadian families are financially vulnerable to adverse events, such as a sudden loss of income or unexpected bills.

This article focusses on the change in unmet health care needs reported by Canadians from 1998 to 2001, using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and the National Population Health Survey.

This article addresses overqualification, which concerns both workers and employers because people who hold jobs that make few demands on their skills have lower earnings and lower levels of productivity.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples), and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (by 1996 representation order).

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations .

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 95F0313XIE2001004.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (by 1996 representation order).

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 95F0314XIE2001004.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (by 1996 representation order).

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 95F0315XIE2001004.

This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.

This table is part of the topic "Families and Household Living Arrangements," which presents data on census families, including the number of families, family size and family structure. The 2001 Census data also include persons living in families, with relatives and with non-relatives and living alone.

Family structure refers to the classification of census families into families of married couples and common-law couples (including same-sex couples) and lone-parent families.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This topic provides information on families and households in Canada. The 2001 Census data show that the diversification of family and household settings continues, and that the trends have an impact on all Canadians, including children, young adults and seniors. Several indicators are used to highlight provincial and territorial differences.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

This article examines trends in audiences, income sources, program delivery and expenses for Canada's non-profit theatre, music, dance and opera companies.

Using data from the 1976-1999 Canadian Labour Force Survey, we examine the stability of currently held jobs in a manner similar to Diebold, Neumark and Polsky (1997) and Neumark, Polsky and Hansen (1999) who analyzed data from the U.S. Current Population Survey. We find that although the current distribution of in-progress job tenures is filling up with more long jobs, and more shorter jobs - suggesting a polarization of job tenure, the stability of currently held jobs has remained quite stable over the period. A closer look reveals two phases in the Canadian data. The period 1977 to 1993 was characterized by declining job stability. Examining the data by current job tenure, we see a declining stability of short jobs - those less than one year in length were less likely to last one more year in at the end of the 1980s (and beginning of the 1990s) than in the late 1970s. At the same time jobs between one and two years long tended to become more stable - becoming more likely to last one more year by 1993. The second phase - 1993-1999 - was characterized by a reversal of these trends such that by the end of the period, jobs of all lengths were equally as stable as in the late 1970s. Declines across the 1980s in job stability were concentrated in low education, older and younger groups but job stability grew most for these same groups in the 1990s.

Following U.S. methods allows us to undertake an international comparison. We find that while job stability changes were similar in the two countries between 1987 and 1991, job stability rose relative to the United States between 1991 and 1995. We speculate that this difference is due to a relatively deeper recession in Canada in the early 1990s, and a relatively slow recovery in the mid 1990s.

This study provides a financial profile of Canadian food industry corporations that were acquired during the period 1996 to 1998.

This Juristat presents and analyzes information on young offender admissions to custody and community services, with breakdowns by custody (remand, secure, and open) and probation, and key case characteristics such as age, sex, Aboriginal/non-Aboriginal status, and most serious offence. In addition, it includes data pertaining to releases from remand, secure custody, and open custody by sex and time served. These breakdowns are presented and analyzed at the national and provincial/territorial level.

Alternative measures refer to formalized programs across Canada through which persons who would otherwise proceed to court are dealt with via non-judicial sanctions. An analysis on alternative measures includes data pertaining to the participation and agreement by the youth to enter these community-based alternatives. The key case characteristics of this survey are similar to those collected by the Youth Custody and Community Services survey.

The Youth Key Indicators describe average daily counts (caseload), which measure the volume of offenders held in custody or on probation on an average day. This information also provides an examination of youth incarceration and probation rates in Canada.

Data summarized in this Juristat are primarily drawn from three perspectives: 1) The Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) survey. The scope of the survey is to collect and analyze information on the application of dispositions under the Young Offenders Act from provincial and territorial agencies responsible for youth corrections and programs. 2) The Alternative Measures survey, which collects and analyzes data on the number of agreements achieved and completed. And, 3) The Youth Key Indicator Report that measures the average counts of youth in custody (remand, secure and open) and on probation.

The Population Health Model (POHEM) is a policy analysis tool that helps answer "what-if" questions about the health and economic burden of specific diseases and the cost-effectiveness of administering new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. This simulation model is particularly pertinent in an era of fiscal restraint, when new therapies are generally expensive and difficult policy decisions are being made. More important, it provides a base for a broader framework to inform policy decisions using comprehensive disease data and risk factors. Our "base case" models comprehensively estimate the lifetime costs of treating breast, lung and colorectal cancer in Canada. Our cancer models have shown the large financial burden of diagnostic work-up and initial therapy, as well as the high costs of hospitalizing those dying of cancer. Our core cancer models (lung, breast and colorectal cancer) have been used to evaluate the impact of new practice patterns. We have used these models to evaluate new chemotherapy regimens as therapeutic options for advanced lung cancer; the health and financial impact of reducing the hospital length of stay for initial breast cancer surgery; and the potential impact of population-based screening for colorectal cancer. To date, the most interesting intervention we have studied has been the use of tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer among high risk women.

This paper focusses on recent market concentration among the various telecommunications products and markets. It also touches on issues such as price behaviour and the market structure of telecommunications services.

Rural areas have a higher incidence of part-time employment. The average annual rate of part-time job growth in rural Canada was higher between 1987 and 1997 than between 1997 and 1999. The predominantly rural provinces have the highest incidence of part-time employment in their rural areas. The majority of part-time employment growth in rural areas is occurring in mainly urban provinces.

Women who reported moderate drinking, that is, two to nine drinks in the past week, had significantly lower odds of receiving a new diagnosis of or dying from heart disease between 1994-95 and 1998-99, compared with women who reported lifetime abstinence from alcohol. No such protective association emerged for men over this period.

Hospital characteristics that may indicate restructuring, such as a recent administrative merger or a decrease in average length of stay, were not associated with 30-day re-admissions of pneumonia or acute myocardial infarction patients. Patients with two or more related hospital admissions in the previous year were at increased risk of re-admission.

This paper compares six definitions of the word 'rural' from databases at Statistics Canada. Each definition emphasizes different criteria (population size, density, context) and has different associated thresholds. The size of the territorial units (building blocks) from which each definition is constructed also varies.

This practical and informative guide for the construction industry will assist in navigating through numerous Statistics Canada products and services.

This guide presents information of interest to users of data from the Survey of Household Spending. Data are collected via paper questionnaires and personal interviews conducted in January, February and March after the reference year. Information is gathered about the spending habits, dwelling characteristics and household equipment of Canadian households during the reference year. The survey covers private households in the 10 provinces and the 3 territories. (The territories are surveyed every second year, starting in 2001.) This guide includes definitions of survey terms and variables, as well as descriptions of survey methodology and data quality. There is also a section describing the various statistics that can be created using expenditure data (e.g., budget share, market share and aggregates).

This document outlines the structure of the January 2001 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) labour interview, including question wording, possible responses and the flow of questions.

This paper presents the questions, possible responses and question flows for the 2001 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) preliminary questionnaire.

This document presents the information for the Entry Exit portion of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) Labour interview.

Like most statistical agencies, Statistics Canada publishes three Gross Domestic Product (GDP) series. These are the output-based GDP, the income-based GDP and the expenditure-based GDP. This document is aimed at describing the concepts, definitions, classifications and statistical methods underlying the output-based GDP series, also known as GDP by industry or simply monthly GDP.

The report is organized into seven chapters. Chapter 1 defines what GDP by industry is, describes its various uses and how it connects with the other components of the Canadian System of National Accounts. Chapter 2 deals with the calculation of the GDP by industry estimates. Chapter 3 examines industry and commodity classification schemes. Chapter 4 discusses the subject of deflation. The choice of deflators, the role of the base year and the method of rebasing are all addressed in this chapter. Chapter 5 looks at such technical issues as benchmarking, trading day and seasonal adjustment. Chapter 6 is devoted to the presentation of the GDP by industry, detailing the format, release dates and modes of dissemination, as well as the need and the frequency of revising the estimates. Finally, Chapter 7 reviews the historical development of monthly GDP from 1926 to the present.

The Forward Sortation Areas Boundary File Reference Guide is available for the following product: Forward Sortation Areas Boundary File (Catalogue no. 92F0170XCE). The reference guide describes the content and applications of these products, as well as data quality, record layouts and other information.

This user's guide provides a detailed description of the CD-ROM Income trends in Canada (Catalogue no. 13F0022XCB). It also provides a glossary and a description of the major concepts, as well as an overview of the data source, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

The Provincial Economic Accounts will adopt the Fisher Volume Index, chained annually, as the official measure of real expenditure-based GDP. This change will be incorporated into the affected series back to 1981.