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1. Children born into vulnerability: Challenges encountered in a Quebec longitudinal survey Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100010
Description: Growing Up in Québec is a longitudinal population survey that began in the spring of 2021 at the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Among the children targeted by this longitudinal follow-up, some will experience developmental difficulties at some point in their lives. Those same children often have characteristics associated with higher sample attrition (low-income family, parents with a low level of education). This article describes the two main challenges we encountered when trying to ensure sufficient representativeness of these children, in both the overall results and the subpopulation analyses.
Release date: 2024-03-25
2. Statistics Canada International Symposium Series: Proceedings
Journals and periodicals: 11-522-X
Description: Since 1984, an annual international symposium on methodological issues has been sponsored by Statistics Canada. Proceedings have been available since 1987.
Release date: 2024-03-25
3. Design-based conformal prediction
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200007
Description: Conformal prediction is an assumption-lean approach to generating distribution-free prediction intervals or sets, for nearly arbitrary predictive models, with guaranteed finite-sample coverage. Conformal methods are an active research topic in statistics and machine learning, but only recently have they been extended to non-exchangeable data. In this paper, we invite survey methodologists to begin using and contributing to conformal methods. We introduce how conformal prediction can be applied to data from several common complex sample survey designs, under a framework of design-based inference for a finite population, and we point out gaps where survey methodologists could fruitfully apply their expertise. Our simulations empirically bear out the theoretical guarantees of finite-sample coverage, and our real-data example demonstrates how conformal prediction can be applied to complex sample survey data in practice.
Release date: 2024-01-03
4. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2021 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and systems used to produce income estimates with the release of its 2021 reference year estimates. This paper describes the changes and presents the approximate net result of these changes on income estimates using data for 2019 and 2020. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while producing minimal impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2023-08-29
5. Multiple-frame surveys for a multiple-data-source world
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202100200008
Description:
Multiple-frame surveys, in which independent probability samples are selected from each of Q sampling frames, have long been used to improve coverage, to reduce costs, or to increase sample sizes for subpopulations of interest. Much of the theory has been developed assuming that (1) the union of the frames covers the population of interest, (2) a full-response probability sample is selected from each frame, (3) the variables of interest are measured in each sample with no measurement error, and (4) sufficient information exists to account for frame overlap when computing estimates. After reviewing design, estimation, and calibration for traditional multiple-frame surveys, I consider modifications of the assumptions that allow a multiple-frame structure to serve as an organizing principle for other data combination methods such as mass imputation, sample matching, small area estimation, and capture-recapture estimation. Finally, I discuss how results from multiple-frame survey research can be used when designing and evaluating data collection systems that integrate multiple sources of data.
Release date: 2022-01-06
6. Validation of the Food Security Module in the 2018 Longitudinal and International Study of Adults
Articles and reports: 89-648-X2020004
Description:
This technical report is intended to validate the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA) Wave 4 (2018) Food Security (FSC) module and provide recommendations for analytical use. Section 2 of this report provides an overview of the LISA data. Section 3 provides some background information of food security measures in national surveys and why it is significant in today's literature. Section 4 analyzes FSC data by presenting key descriptive statistics and logic checks using LISA methodology as well as outside researcher information. In section 5, certification validation was done by comparing other Canadian national surveys that have used the FSC module to the one used by LISA. Finally in section 6, key findings and their implications with regard to LISA are outlined.
Release date: 2020-11-02
7. 2019 Census Content Test: Design and methodology Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012020020
Description:
This fact sheet provides detailed insight into the design and methodology of the content test component of the 2019 Census Test. This test evaluated changes to the wording and flow of some questions, as well as the potential addition of new questions, to help determine the content of the 2021 Census of Population.

Release date: 2020-07-20
8. Census of Agriculture Content Consultation Report
Notices and consultations: 95-635-X
Description: To stay relevant, preparing for a new Census of Agriculture requires a thorough evaluation of data requirements. Before each census, Statistics Canada conducts consultations to solicit input and feedback on the Census of Agriculture's content. This report describes those consultations and the process that was followed to test and determine which topics could be potentially retained for the next census.
Release date: 2019-10-02
9. An assessment of accuracy improvement by adaptive survey design
Articles and reports: 12-001-X201900200008
Description:
High nonresponse occurs in many sample surveys today, including important surveys carried out by government statistical agencies. An adaptive data collection can be advantageous in those conditions: Lower nonresponse bias in survey estimates can be gained, up to a point, by producing a well-balanced set of respondents. Auxiliary variables serve a twofold purpose: Used in the estimation phase, through calibrated adjustment weighting, they reduce, but do not entirely remove, the bias. In the preceding adaptive data collection phase, auxiliary variables also play a major role: They are instrumental in reducing the imbalance in the ultimate set of respondents. For such combined use of auxiliary variables, the deviation of the calibrated estimate from the unbiased estimate (under full response) is studied in the article. We show that this deviation is a sum of two components. The reducible component can be decreased through adaptive data collection, all the way to zero if perfectly balanced response is realized with respect to a chosen auxiliary vector. By contrast, the resisting component changes little or not at all by a better balanced response; it represents a part of the deviation that adaptive design does not get rid of. The relative size of the former component is an indicator of the potential payoff from an adaptive survey design.
Release date: 2019-06-27
10. Using balanced sampling in creel surveys Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X201800254954
Description:
These last years, balanced sampling techniques have experienced a recrudescence of interest. They constrain the Horvitz Thompson estimators of the totals of auxiliary variables to be equal, at least approximately, to the corresponding true totals, to avoid the occurrence of bad samples. Several procedures are available to carry out balanced sampling; there is the cube method, see Deville and Tillé (2004), and an alternative, the rejective algorithm introduced by Hájek (1964). After a brief review of these sampling methods, motivated by the planning of an angler survey, we investigate using Monte Carlo simulations, the survey designs produced by these two sampling algorithms.
Release date: 2018-12-20

Data (1)

Data (1) ((1 result))

1. The Cost of Independence: Socio-economic Profiles of Independent Truck Drivers Archived
Table: 53F0002X
Description:
Nearly 50,000 or one in five (22%) Canadian truck drivers on the road in 1998 were independent truckers or "owner-operators". However, similar to other forms of self-employment, the net-earnings and socio-economic characteristics of owner-operators have often been ignored by researchers for reasons of analytical convenience or data limitations. New data products recently released by Statistics Canada such as the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) have the potential to fill much of this gap. The 1997 SLID cross-sectional micro-data files offer a limited but meaningful insight into the work patterns of the owner-operator population, complementing and validating well-established business surveys such as the annual Small for-hire carrier and Owner-operator Survey (SFO). The purpose of this study, through a multivariate analysis of the 1997 SLID and the 1997 SFO survey, was to compare the work patterns and backgrounds of owner-operators to company drivers (paid truck drivers employed by carriers). The study found that while drivers may choose to be self-employed to gain independence, owner-operators tend to work longer hours to meet fixed and variable costs, in return for lower after-tax earnings and a greater likelihood of high work-life stress. The analysis also found that the odds of self-employment among truckers were highest among drivers over 40 years of age with no post-secondary training.
Release date: 2000-06-07

Analysis (194)

Analysis (194) (180 to 190 of 194 results)

181. Estimation and replicate variance estimation of median sales prices of sold houses Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X20000025535
Description:
The U.S. Census Bureau publishes estimates of medians for several characteristics of new houses, with a key estimate being sales price of sold houses. These estimates are calculated from data acquired from interviews of home builders by the Survey of Construction (SOC). The SOC is a multi-stage probability survey whose sample design is well suited to the modified half-sample replication (MHS) method of variance estimation.
Release date: 2001-02-28
182. Benchmarking Adult Literacy in North America: An International Comparative Study Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-572-X
Description:
The International Adult Literacy Survey was a 22-country initiative conducted between 1994 and 1998. In every country nationally representative samples of adults aged 16-65 were interviewed and tested at home, using the same literacy test. The main purpose of the survey was to find out how well adults use information to function in society. Another aim was to investigate the factors that influence literacy proficiency and to compare these between countries.
This monograph presents 10 international indicators that allow readers to compare the literacy proficiency of Americans with that of other populations. The findings confirm that low literacy is an important issue in all regions and countries surveyed.
Release date: 2001-02-08
183. Developments in survey research in the past 25 years Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X20000015173
Description:
In recognition of Survey Methodology's silver anniversary, this paper reviews the major advances in survey research that have taken place in the past 25 years. It provides a gneneral overview of developments in: the survey research profession; survey methodology - questionnaire design, data collection methods, handling missing data, survey sampling, and total survey error; and survey applications - panel surveys, international surveys, and secondary analysis. It also attempts to forecast some future developments in these areas.
Release date: 2000-08-30
184. Model-based estimation with link-tracing sampling designs Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X20000015181
Description:
Samples from hidden and hard-to-access human populations are often obtained by procedures in which social links are followed from one respondent to another. Inference from the sample to the larger population of interest can be affected by the link-tracing design and the type of data it produces. The population with its social network structure can be modeled as a stochastic graph with a joint distribution of node values representing characteristics of individuals and arc indicators representing social relationships between individuals.
Release date: 2000-08-30
185. Managing data quality in a statistical agency Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X19990024877
Description:
In 1999 Statistics Sweden outlined a proposal for improved quality within the European Statistical System (ESS). The ESS comprises Eurostat and National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) associated with Eurostat. ... Basically Statistics Sweden proposed the creation of a LEG [Leadership Expert Group] on Quality].
Release date: 2000-03-01
186. Population based establishment sample surveys: The Horvitz-Thompson Estimator Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X19990024881
Description:
Sirken and Shimizu derive a Horvitz-Thompson estimator for population based establishment sample surveys (PBESs). A PBES is a survey of establishments where the sampling frame consists of establishments with which a preliminary sample of households or individuals has had some contact.
Release date: 2000-03-01
187. In this issue (Vol. 25, no. 1) Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X199900111395
Description:
In this Issue is a column where the Editor biefly presents each paper of the current issue of Survey Methodology. As well, it sometimes contain informations on structure or management changes in the journal.
Release date: 1999-10-08
188. The Missing Link - Data on the Demand Side of Labour Markets Archived
Articles and reports: 11F0019M1995077
Geography: Canada
Description:
Labour economists have developed elaborate theoretical models and conducted very advanced econometric analysis of the decision making of households. But this emphasis on the supply side of the labour market has not been matched by any corresponding degree of sophistication in empirical analysis of the demand side of the labour market. This has been due in part to the lack of appropriate data. This paper outlines why demand side data which outlines the behaviour of firms in the labour market is necessary for the advancement of labour market analysis. It also discusses the constraints which existing data collection methods impose on labour economics. The paper suggests types of data which might be collected, alternative methodologies for an establishment/worker survey, and discusses some of the theoretical and empirical difficulties that might be encountered in such an exercise.
Release date: 1995-04-30
189. Research issues in the Survey of Income and Program Participation Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X198800114601
Description:
The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is an ongoing nationally representative household survey program of the Bureau of the Census. The primary purpose of the SIPP is to improve the measurement of information related to the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. It accomplishes this goal through repeated interviews of sample individuals using a short reference period and a probing questionnaire. The multi-interview design of the SIPP raises methodological and statistical issues of concern to all panel surveys of families and persons. This paper reviews these issues as they relate to the SIPP. The topics reviewed are: 1) questionnaire design; 2) data collection, including respondent rules, data collection mode, length of reference period, and rules for following movers; 3) concepts, design, and estimation; and 4) response error.
Release date: 1988-06-15
190. The role of the questionnaire in survey design Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X198200114327
Description:
The modern statistical survey is an effective method of meeting the ever-increasing demand for timely and accurate data. One important component of the statistical survey is the questionnaire. This article discusses the role of the questionnaire in meeting the needs of users, the relationship of the questionnaire to the other components of survey design, and the effect of the questionnaire on the quality of survey data. The importance of viewing the questionnaire as an integral part of the total survey design is stressed.
Release date: 1982-06-15

Reference (30)

Reference (30) (0 to 10 of 30 results)

1. 2019 Census Content Test: Design and methodology Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012020020
Description:
This fact sheet provides detailed insight into the design and methodology of the content test component of the 2019 Census Test. This test evaluated changes to the wording and flow of some questions, as well as the potential addition of new questions, to help determine the content of the 2021 Census of Population.

Release date: 2020-07-20
2. Census of Agriculture Content Consultation Report
Notices and consultations: 95-635-X
Description: To stay relevant, preparing for a new Census of Agriculture requires a thorough evaluation of data requirements. Before each census, Statistics Canada conducts consultations to solicit input and feedback on the Census of Agriculture's content. This report describes those consultations and the process that was followed to test and determine which topics could be potentially retained for the next census.
Release date: 2019-10-02
3. History of the Canadian Labour Force Survey, 1945 to 2016 Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2016001
Description:
In over 70 years, the methodology and questionnaire, as well as the collection and processing techniques of the Canadian Labour Force Survey have undergone major changes. This document summarizes these changes chronologically and provides references to more detailed information sources. Among the most significant changes were two questionnaire redesigns, which occurred approximately 20 years apart, in 1976 and 1997.
Release date: 2017-01-06
4. 2016 Census Program Content Test: Design and Results
Notices and consultations: 92-140-X2016001
Description:
The 2016 Census Program Content Test was conducted from May 2 to June 30, 2014. The Test was designed to assess the impact of any proposed content changes to the 2016 Census Program and to measure the impact of including a social insurance number (SIN) question on the data quality.
This quantitative test used a split-panel design involving 55,000 dwellings, divided into 11 panels of 5,000 dwellings each: five panels were dedicated to the Content Test while the remaining six panels were for the SIN Test. Two models of test questionnaires were developed to meet the objectives, namely a model with all the proposed changes EXCEPT the SIN question and a model with all the proposed changes INCLUDING the SIN question. A third model of 'control' questionnaire with the 2011 content was also developed. The population living in a private dwelling in mail-out areas in one of the ten provinces was targeted for the test. Paper and electronic response channels were part of the Test as well.
This report presents the Test objectives, the design and a summary of the analysis in order to determine potential content for the 2016 Census Program. Results from the data analysis of the Test were not the only elements used to determine the content for 2016. Other elements were also considered, such as response burden, comparison over time and users’ needs.
Release date: 2016-04-01
5. Census Test: Content Analysis Report
Notices and consultations: 92-140-X
Description:
Before each Census of Population, Statistics Canada carries out a three- to four-year process to review the content of the census questionnaires in consultation with census data users, performing tests and developing questionnaire content to ensure that it takes into account the evolution of Canadian society. Factors considered in developing the content include legislative requirements regarding information, program and policy requirements; the burden placed on respondents to respond to questions; concerns about privacy; feedback from consultations and tests; data quality; costs and operational considerations; the comparability of data with earlier data and the availability of alternative data sources. Before each census, Statistics Canada tests the questionnaire content through an extensive test. The content report presents the analyses conducted from the data collected from this test and the results that are used to fine tune the questionnaires, the methodology and the systems used for the Census Program.

Release date: 2016-04-01
6. A New Survey Measure of Disability: the Disability Screening Questions (DSQ) Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-654-X2016003
Description:
This paper describes the process that led to the creation of the new Disability Screening Questions (DSQ), jointly developped by Statistics Canada and Employment and Social Development Canada. The DSQ form a new module which can be put on general population surveys to allow comparisons of persons with and without a disability. The paper explains why there are two versions of the DSQ—a long and a short one—, the difference between the two, and how each version can be used.
Release date: 2016-02-29
7. Revisions to 2006 to 2011 income data Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2015003
Description:
This note discusses revised income estimates from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). These revisions to the SLID estimates make it possible to compare results from the Canadian Income Survey (CIS) to earlier years. The revisions address the issue of methodology differences between SLID and CIS.
Release date: 2015-12-17
8. 2011 Workplace Survey – Summary and Lessons Learned Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2015001
Description:
Using the experimental Workplace Survey conducted in 2011, this technical document summarizes the main results and evaluates the quality of the data.
Release date: 2015-04-28
9. National Household Survey User Guide, 2011 Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 99-001-X2011001
Description:
The National Household Survey User Guide is a reference document that describes the various phases of the National Household Survey (NHS). It provides an overview of the 2011 NHS content, sampling design and collection, data processing, data quality assessment and data dissemination. The National Household Survey User Guide may be useful to both new and experienced users who wish to familiarize themselves with and find specific information about the 2011 NHS.
Release date: 2013-05-08
10. User's Guide for Cross-Sectional Public-Use Microdata File: Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) [2007] Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2010001
Description:
This series provides detailed documentation on income developments, including survey design issues, data quality evaluation and exploratory research for the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics in 2007
Release date: 2010-03-02

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