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  • Table: 88-221-X
    Geography: Province or territory
    Description:

    Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) is a statistical series, constructed by adding together the intramural expenditures on R&D as reported by the performing sectors. As a term used by OECD Member countries, it is defined as total intramural expenditure on R&D performed on the national territory during a given period. GERD includes R&D performed within a country and funded from abroad but excludes payments for R&D performed abroad.

    Release date: 2015-10-22

  • Journals and periodicals: 88-001-X
    Description:

    This series, which consists of about six issues per year, presents a variety of science and technology statistics. Each issue concerns a different topic, for example: research and development expenditures and personnel in business enterprises, science and technology expenditures and personnel in the federal government or provincial governments; and estimates of higher education expenditures on research and development.

    Release date: 2012-09-20

  • Journals and periodicals: 88F0006X
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Statistics Canada is engaged in the "Information System for Science and Technology Project" to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology (S&T) in Canada. The working papers series is used to publish results of the different initiatives conducted within this project. The data are related to the activities, linkages and outcomes of S&T. Several key areas are covered such as: innovation, technology diffusion, human resources in S&T and interrelations between different actors involved in S&T. This series also presents data tabulations taken from regular surveys on research and development (R&D) and S&T and made possible by the project.

    Release date: 2011-12-23

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X200900711026
    Description:

    The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by scientific and technological (S&T) policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The statistics are aggregates of the provincial government and provincial research organization science surveys conducted by Statistics Canada under contract with the provinces, and cover the period 2002/2003 to 2006/2007.

    Release date: 2009-11-20

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X200800610707
    Description:

    The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by scientific and technological (S&T) policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The statistics are aggregates of the provincial government and provincial research organization science surveys conducted by Statistics Canada under contract with the provinces, and cover the period 2002/2003 to 2006/2007.

    Release date: 2008-10-17

  • Articles and reports: 81-595-M2008069
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    "Doctorate Education in Canada: Findings from the Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2005/2006" is the third paper in a series of reports written by the Learning Policy Directorate of Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC) and the Centre for Education Statistics of Statistics Canada. Each report presents an overview of doctoral education covering annual data from the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED) from each of the three years of the survey's existence (2003/2004, 2004/2005 and 2005/2006).

    The Survey of Earned Doctorates is a key source of information regarding the training of doctoral graduates in Canada. It provides information on the pathways of these highly qualified graduates through the education system and sheds light into the expectations of graduates as they transition into employment and postdoctoral education.

    In this 2005/2006 report, special attention has been given to the foreign born among the doctoral graduates. Foreign-born graduates represent more than one in every five graduates in the 2005/2006 academic year, and over half of all doctoral graduates living in Canada in 2006. Canada's immigration policy, with its emphasis on educational attainment, ensures that the foreign born will continue to account for a large proportion of Canada's doctorate degree holders. Furthermore, attracting foreign-born talent to Canada will be important if Canada is to increase the number of doctoral degree holders, since growth in the graduates from Canadian institutions has been minimal. One of the key challenges will be to retain graduates, both foreign-born and Canadian-born, in Canada upon the completion of their degree.

    Also unique to this third report, is the ability to discuss trends over the three years of survey data.

    Release date: 2008-10-17

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X200800410668
    Description:

    The higher education sector is composed of all universities, colleges of technology and other institutes of postsecondary education, whatever their source of finance or legal status. It also includes all research institutes, experimental stations and clinics operating under the direct control of, or administered by, or associated with higher education establishments.

    Release date: 2008-08-14

  • Articles and reports: 81-004-X200800210645
    Description:

    Highly-qualified personnel are an important component of Canada's labour market. Doctoral graduates form the new generation of professors that teach advanced courses at colleges and universities, playing a key role in the transmission of up-to-date knowledge to students. They contribute to research and development in the public and private sectors, generating new knowledge and innovations that contribute to international competitiveness and economic growth. Doctoral graduates also contribute to the social and political spheres of life by offering insights into the functioning of individuals and societies. Given the importance of this segment of postsecondary graduates, it is important to have information about their characteristics, fields of study and plans following graduation. Such information is collected by the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED). This article summarizes the key findings of that report, including trends in the number of doctoral graduates and their fields of study, the number of foreign students who are doctoral graduates, the amount of time it takes to complete a PhD degree, and employment plans following graduation, including their plans to move abroad.

    Release date: 2008-06-16

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X200800110603
    Description:

    Canada's economic competitiveness depends on scientific and technological development and also on the people responsible for this development, especially those engaged in R&D. In an earlier Science statistics bulletin, we published the gross domestic expenditures on R&D in Canada (GERD). This issue presents a supplementary measure to the GERD, the number of personnel who perform Canada's R&D activities.

    Release date: 2008-05-06

  • Articles and reports: 81-595-M2008065
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This report presents findings from the 2004/2005 Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED). The survey was administered to all students graduating from a doctoral program at a Canadian University. The 2004/2005 SED is the second edition of the annual survey.

    In the 2004/2005 academic year there were approximately 4,000 new doctoral graduates, adding to the stock of highly specialized human capital in Canada. Over three quarters of Canada's PhD graduates are completing their studies in a science or engineering field, with the most popular field of study being biological sciences. Although PhD graduates accounted for roughly 0.4% of the population, Canada lags behind many other OECD countries in this regard.

    Most graduates were finding success upon completion of their degrees as a large majority of graduates (73%) had firm plans to be working or continuing their studies by the time of graduation. The proportion of students who graduated without any graduate student debt decreased from the year before to reach 59%. Over three quarters of the graduates plan to stay in Canada to either work or continue their education.

    Release date: 2008-04-28
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Analysis (113)

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  • Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005002
    Description:

    This document presents the geographical distribution of Federal Government expenditures on science and technology. The statistics presented in this report are supplements of data published in the Service Bulletin "Science Statistics" Vol. 29, No. 1, Catalogue 88-001XIE. Included in this report are tables presenting expenditures and staff of federal government scientific establishments for the fiscal year 2002-2003.

    Release date: 2005-01-25

  • Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005001
    Description:

    This document presents historical tables displaying Federal Government expenditures and personnel applied to activities in science and technology (S&T). S&T can be divided into research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) expenditures. Expenditures and personnel for each fiscal year to 2002-03 are actual while the data for 2003-04 and 2004-05 are forecasts and estimates respectively.

    Release date: 2005-01-19

  • Articles and reports: 88F0006X2004019
    Description:

    This publication is an explanation of the estimation procedures used to calculate 2002-2003 research and development (R&D) expenditures in the higher education sector. This estimation procedure was revised in 2000 as R&D activities in the higher education sector have increased in importance to policy developers, major funders of these activities, and also to the performing institutions themselves. In 2002-2003 the R&D expenditures for higher education were estimated to total $7.4 billion, an increase of 16% over 2001-2002 revised estimates.

    Release date: 2004-11-23

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2004233
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    In Canada's federal system for economic (skilled) class immigrant selection, education is treated as if it is homogeneous and only differs in quantity. Some provinces, however, differentiate based on postsecondary field of study. This study explores the economic implications of field of study for each sex, and for two subgroups of immigrants, those educated in Canada and those educated elsewhere .

    Field of study is not observed to explain much of the earnings difference between immigrants and the Canadian born, though it is relatively more important for males than females in doing so. Interestingly, while there are a few exceptions, a general pattern is observed whereby the differences between high- and low-earning fields are not as large for immigrants as for the Canadian born. Similarly, social assistance receipt has smaller variance across fields for immigrants than for the Canadian born. Nevertheless, substantial inter-field differences are observed for each immigrant group.

    Release date: 2004-10-28

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20020016751
    Description:

    Closing remarks

    Release date: 2004-09-13

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X20040067865
    Description:

    The provincial government sector consists of all provincial government departments, ministries and agencies and provincial research organizations (PRO). The PRO are surveyed separately and are not reported here. The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by Scientific and technological policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The surveys that generate these statistics also provide input for the development of a national aggregated R&D series. These national Research and Development estimates are used by businesses, governments and international organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

    Release date: 2004-06-30

  • Articles and reports: 88F0006X2004011
    Description:

    The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by scientific and technological (S&T) policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The statistics are aggregates of the provincial government science surveys conducted by Statistics Canada under contract with the provinces, and cover the period 1994/95 to 2002/03.

    Release date: 2004-06-30

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X20040047867
    Description:

    This release provides data on the Research and Development activities of the private non-profit sector. The growing partnerships between Universities, Hospitals and Research Institutes has reduced the impact of the Private Non-Profit sector in the national Research and Development effort. Due to the decreasing magnitude of this sector, we will no longer feature the PNP data in our Service Bulletin series. Statistics Canada will continue to collect the data as it contributes to Gross Expenditures on Research and Development (GERD). Users are invited to contact us for special requests. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of the private non-profit organizations for their continued cooperation.

    Release date: 2004-04-08

  • Articles and reports: 88F0006X2004003
    Description:

    This publication presents the national gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD) from 1992 to 2003, as well as the provincial GERD from 1992 to 2001. Up until 1985, GERD only included research and development (R&D) expenditures in the Natural Sciences and Engineering (NSE) field. Beginning in 1985, Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) activities have also been included in GERD. An additional series of tables showing R&D expenditures at the national level in either science from 1963 to 1991, or at the provincial level from 1979 to 1991, may be obtained from the Science and Innovation Surveys Section of the Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division.

    Release date: 2004-01-28

  • Stats in brief: 88-001-X20030087875
    Description:

    This bulletin presents recent information on the performance and funding of Federal government expenditures on scientific activities, 2003-2004. The statistics presented are derived from the survey of science and technology (S&T) activities of federal departments and agencies. The data in this publication are consistent with expenditures of departments and agencies as reported in the Main Estimates 2003-2004, but do not reflect changes to 2003-2004 spending plans which may result from supplementary estimates or other departmental planning decisions.

    Release date: 2003-12-11
Reference (1)

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