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- 1. Neighbourhood Inequality in Canadian Cities ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2000160Geography: CanadaDescription:
In this paper, we use census tract data to analyse changes in neighbourhood income inequality and residential economic segregation in the eight largest Canadian cities during the 1980-95 period. Is the income gap between richer and poorer neighbourhoods rising? Are high and low-income families increasingly clustered in economically homogeneous neighbourhoods? The main results are an elaboration of the spatial implications of the well documented changes that have occurred in family income and earnings inequality since 1980. We find that between neighbourhood family income (post-transfer/pre-tax) inequality rose in all cities driven by a substantial rise in neighbourhood (employment) earnings inequality. Real average earnings fell, sometimes dramatically, in low-income neighbourhoods in virtually all cities while rising moderately in higher income neighbourhoods. Strikingly, social transfers, which were the main factor stabilizing national level income inequality in the face of rising earnings inequality, had only a modest impact on changes in neighbourhood inequality. Changes in the neighbourhood distribution of earnings signal significant change in the social and economic character of many neighbourhoods. Employment was increasingly concentrated in higher income communities and unemployment in lower income neighbourhoods. Finally, we ask whether neighbourhood inequality rose primarily as a result of rising family income inequality in the city as a whole or because families were increasingly sorting themselves into "like" neighbourhoods so that neighbourhoods were becoming more economically homogeneous (economic "segregation"). We find that economic spatial segregation increased in all cities and was the major factor behind rising neighbourhood inequality in four of the eight cities. A general rise in urban family income inequality was the main factor in the remaining four cities.
Release date: 2000-12-13 - 2. Criminal victimization in Canada, 1999 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20000108383Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
In 1999, as part of its General Social Survey program, Statistics Canada conducted a survey on victimization and public perceptions of crime and the justice system. It was the third time that the General Social Survey (GSS) had examined victimization - previous surveys were conducted in 1993 and 1988.
For the 1999 survey, interviews were conducted by telephone with approximately 26,000 people, aged 15 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Respondents were asked for their opinions concerning the level of crime in their neighbourhood, their fear of crime and their views concerning the performance of the justice system. They were also asked about their experiences with criminal victimization. Those respondents who had been victims of a crime in the previous 12 months were asked for detailed information on each incident, including when and where it occurred; whether the incident was reported to the police; and how they were affected by the experience.
This Juristat presents an overview of the findings of the 1999 General Social Survey and makes comparisons to results from 1993 and 1988.
Release date: 2000-11-02 - 3. Oral contraceptive use ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19990045065Geography: CanadaDescription:
Oral contraceptive users - many of whom smoke heavily - tend to be young, unmarried, sexually active women who are relatively well-educated and who have prescription drug insurance coverage.
Release date: 2000-05-29 - Articles and reports: 81-003-X19990035008Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines available empirical evidence about the loss of knowledge workers from Canada to the United States (brain drain) and the gain of knowledge workers in Canada from the rest of the world (brain gain).
Release date: 2000-05-24 - 5. Plugged into the Internet ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X19990025342Geography: CanadaDescription:
Our jobs, communities, leisure activities and patterns of commerce are changing at a dizzying pace - the Internet is literally transforming the way we live, work and play. In 1998, 36% of Canadian households were regular users of computer communication - up sharply from 29% in 1997. And the technology revolution is not over yet!
Release date: 2000-01-17
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- 1. Neighbourhood Inequality in Canadian Cities ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2000160Geography: CanadaDescription:
In this paper, we use census tract data to analyse changes in neighbourhood income inequality and residential economic segregation in the eight largest Canadian cities during the 1980-95 period. Is the income gap between richer and poorer neighbourhoods rising? Are high and low-income families increasingly clustered in economically homogeneous neighbourhoods? The main results are an elaboration of the spatial implications of the well documented changes that have occurred in family income and earnings inequality since 1980. We find that between neighbourhood family income (post-transfer/pre-tax) inequality rose in all cities driven by a substantial rise in neighbourhood (employment) earnings inequality. Real average earnings fell, sometimes dramatically, in low-income neighbourhoods in virtually all cities while rising moderately in higher income neighbourhoods. Strikingly, social transfers, which were the main factor stabilizing national level income inequality in the face of rising earnings inequality, had only a modest impact on changes in neighbourhood inequality. Changes in the neighbourhood distribution of earnings signal significant change in the social and economic character of many neighbourhoods. Employment was increasingly concentrated in higher income communities and unemployment in lower income neighbourhoods. Finally, we ask whether neighbourhood inequality rose primarily as a result of rising family income inequality in the city as a whole or because families were increasingly sorting themselves into "like" neighbourhoods so that neighbourhoods were becoming more economically homogeneous (economic "segregation"). We find that economic spatial segregation increased in all cities and was the major factor behind rising neighbourhood inequality in four of the eight cities. A general rise in urban family income inequality was the main factor in the remaining four cities.
Release date: 2000-12-13 - 2. Criminal victimization in Canada, 1999 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20000108383Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
In 1999, as part of its General Social Survey program, Statistics Canada conducted a survey on victimization and public perceptions of crime and the justice system. It was the third time that the General Social Survey (GSS) had examined victimization - previous surveys were conducted in 1993 and 1988.
For the 1999 survey, interviews were conducted by telephone with approximately 26,000 people, aged 15 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Respondents were asked for their opinions concerning the level of crime in their neighbourhood, their fear of crime and their views concerning the performance of the justice system. They were also asked about their experiences with criminal victimization. Those respondents who had been victims of a crime in the previous 12 months were asked for detailed information on each incident, including when and where it occurred; whether the incident was reported to the police; and how they were affected by the experience.
This Juristat presents an overview of the findings of the 1999 General Social Survey and makes comparisons to results from 1993 and 1988.
Release date: 2000-11-02 - 3. Oral contraceptive use ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19990045065Geography: CanadaDescription:
Oral contraceptive users - many of whom smoke heavily - tend to be young, unmarried, sexually active women who are relatively well-educated and who have prescription drug insurance coverage.
Release date: 2000-05-29 - Articles and reports: 81-003-X19990035008Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines available empirical evidence about the loss of knowledge workers from Canada to the United States (brain drain) and the gain of knowledge workers in Canada from the rest of the world (brain gain).
Release date: 2000-05-24 - 5. Plugged into the Internet ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X19990025342Geography: CanadaDescription:
Our jobs, communities, leisure activities and patterns of commerce are changing at a dizzying pace - the Internet is literally transforming the way we live, work and play. In 1998, 36% of Canadian households were regular users of computer communication - up sharply from 29% in 1997. And the technology revolution is not over yet!
Release date: 2000-01-17
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