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- Articles and reports: 21-006-X2000001Geography: CanadaDescription:
Historically, female employment rates in rural areas have been significantly below the rates for women in urban areas (Bollman, 1991; Fuguitt, Brown and Beale, 1989). The objective of this paper is to explore some of the factors associated with these rural-urban differences in female employment rates.
Release date: 2000-12-13 - 2. Chronic back problems among workers ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X20000015301Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines associations between selected work- and non-work-related factors and the incidence of chronic back problems over the next two years.
Release date: 2000-10-20 - 3. How Much of Canada's Unemployment Is Structural? ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2000145Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper starts from the definition that "structural unemployment occurs when workers are unable to fill available jobs because they lack the skills, do not live where jobs are available, or are unwilling to work at the wage rate offered in the market." This implies that the number of vacancies in the Canadian labour market is an upper bound to the extent of "structural unemployment". The paper summarizes available estimates of the vacancy rate in Canada. In the high technology sector, vacancies may be equivalent to 2.2% of the labour force but evidence from more representative surveys indicates a range of 0.43% to 0.75% for the economy as a whole. Although during the 1980s the outward shift in the relationship between the Help-Wanted Index and the unemployment rate raised concerns that structural unemployment was an increasing problem in Canada, that shift has been reversed in the 1990s.
Release date: 2000-10-16 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2000140Geography: CanadaDescription:
The correlation of occupational gender composition and wages is the basis of pay equity/comparable worth legislation. A number of previous studies have examined this correlation in US data, identifying some of the determinants of low wages in "female jobs", as well as important limitations of public policy in this area. There is little evidence, however, from other jurisdictions. This omission is particularly disturbing in the case of Canada, which now has some of the most extensive pay equity legislation in the world. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture, circa the late 1980's, of the occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. We also draw explicit comparisons of our findings to evidence for the United States. We find that the link between female wages and gender composition is much stronger in the United States than in Canada, where it is generally small and not statistically significant. The relatively more advantageous position of women in female jobs in Canada is found to be linked to higher unionization rates and the industry-wage effects of "public goods" sectors.
Release date: 2000-09-05 - Articles and reports: 81-003-X19990045144Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article explores the effects of increasing costs on university attendance and the subsequent labour market outcomes of graduates.
Release date: 2000-09-01 - Articles and reports: 87-004-X20000015130Geography: CanadaDescription:
The incomes of culture workers have long been an issue of concern to culture organizations and lobby groups. Using the 1997 Census, we can look at the average earnings of some 500 different occupations including some selected culture occupations.
Release date: 2000-07-27 - 7. One hundred years of labour force ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20000015086Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article provides a brief overview of the major developments in the evolution of the labour force during the 20th century.
Release date: 2000-06-13 - 8. Knowledge workers on the move ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X20000025072Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines available empirical evidence about Canada's "brain drain" - the loss of knowledge workers to the United States. It also looks at Canada's "brain gain" - the acquisition of knowledge workers from the rest of the world. (Adapted from an article in the Spring 2000 issue of Education Quarterly Review).
Release date: 2000-06-07 - Table: 53F0002XDescription:
Nearly 50,000 or one in five (22%) Canadian truck drivers on the road in 1998 were independent truckers or "owner-operators". However, similar to other forms of self-employment, the net-earnings and socio-economic characteristics of owner-operators have often been ignored by researchers for reasons of analytical convenience or data limitations. New data products recently released by Statistics Canada such as the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) have the potential to fill much of this gap. The 1997 SLID cross-sectional micro-data files offer a limited but meaningful insight into the work patterns of the owner-operator population, complementing and validating well-established business surveys such as the annual Small for-hire carrier and Owner-operator Survey (SFO). The purpose of this study, through a multivariate analysis of the 1997 SLID and the 1997 SFO survey, was to compare the work patterns and backgrounds of owner-operators to company drivers (paid truck drivers employed by carriers). The study found that while drivers may choose to be self-employed to gain independence, owner-operators tend to work longer hours to meet fixed and variable costs, in return for lower after-tax earnings and a greater likelihood of high work-life stress. The analysis also found that the odds of self-employment among truckers were highest among drivers over 40 years of age with no post-secondary training.
Release date: 2000-06-07 - 10. The Performance of the 1990s Canadian Labour Market ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2000148Geography: CanadaDescription:
There is a general sense that the 1990s labour market was unique. It has been characterized by notions such as "downsizing", "technological revolution", "the knowledge-based economy", "rising job instability", and so on. This paper provides an extensive overview of the performance of the 1990s labour market, and asks just how different it was from the 1980s. It goes on to ask if the facts are consistent with many common beliefs and explanations. The paper focuses on (a) macro-level labour market outcomes, and (b) distributional outcomes. Macro-level topics include: has the nature of work changed dramatically in the 1990s? has there been a continued ratcheting up of unemployment? have we witnessed rising job instability and increased levels of layoffs? did company downsizing increase in the 1990s? why did per capita income growth stall in the 1990s? for a worker with a given level of human capital, has there been a deterioration in labour market outcomes?
Much of the focus in the labour market over the 1980s and 1990s was on distributional outcomes - who is winning and who is losing. Some of the distributional outcomes of the 1990s labour market addressed in the paper include: outcomes for men and women; changes in the relative wages of the highly educated and earnings inequality; trends in the rate of low-income; the changing outcomes for recent labour market entrants, including young people and immigrants; and the extent to which technological change plays a major role in these outcomes.
The paper concludes with a discussion of the overall performance of the 1990s labour market as compared to the 1980s.
Release date: 2000-05-04
Data (1)
Data (1) ((1 result))
- Table: 53F0002XDescription:
Nearly 50,000 or one in five (22%) Canadian truck drivers on the road in 1998 were independent truckers or "owner-operators". However, similar to other forms of self-employment, the net-earnings and socio-economic characteristics of owner-operators have often been ignored by researchers for reasons of analytical convenience or data limitations. New data products recently released by Statistics Canada such as the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) have the potential to fill much of this gap. The 1997 SLID cross-sectional micro-data files offer a limited but meaningful insight into the work patterns of the owner-operator population, complementing and validating well-established business surveys such as the annual Small for-hire carrier and Owner-operator Survey (SFO). The purpose of this study, through a multivariate analysis of the 1997 SLID and the 1997 SFO survey, was to compare the work patterns and backgrounds of owner-operators to company drivers (paid truck drivers employed by carriers). The study found that while drivers may choose to be self-employed to gain independence, owner-operators tend to work longer hours to meet fixed and variable costs, in return for lower after-tax earnings and a greater likelihood of high work-life stress. The analysis also found that the odds of self-employment among truckers were highest among drivers over 40 years of age with no post-secondary training.
Release date: 2000-06-07
Analysis (11)
Analysis (11) (0 to 10 of 11 results)
- Articles and reports: 21-006-X2000001Geography: CanadaDescription:
Historically, female employment rates in rural areas have been significantly below the rates for women in urban areas (Bollman, 1991; Fuguitt, Brown and Beale, 1989). The objective of this paper is to explore some of the factors associated with these rural-urban differences in female employment rates.
Release date: 2000-12-13 - 2. Chronic back problems among workers ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X20000015301Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines associations between selected work- and non-work-related factors and the incidence of chronic back problems over the next two years.
Release date: 2000-10-20 - 3. How Much of Canada's Unemployment Is Structural? ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2000145Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper starts from the definition that "structural unemployment occurs when workers are unable to fill available jobs because they lack the skills, do not live where jobs are available, or are unwilling to work at the wage rate offered in the market." This implies that the number of vacancies in the Canadian labour market is an upper bound to the extent of "structural unemployment". The paper summarizes available estimates of the vacancy rate in Canada. In the high technology sector, vacancies may be equivalent to 2.2% of the labour force but evidence from more representative surveys indicates a range of 0.43% to 0.75% for the economy as a whole. Although during the 1980s the outward shift in the relationship between the Help-Wanted Index and the unemployment rate raised concerns that structural unemployment was an increasing problem in Canada, that shift has been reversed in the 1990s.
Release date: 2000-10-16 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2000140Geography: CanadaDescription:
The correlation of occupational gender composition and wages is the basis of pay equity/comparable worth legislation. A number of previous studies have examined this correlation in US data, identifying some of the determinants of low wages in "female jobs", as well as important limitations of public policy in this area. There is little evidence, however, from other jurisdictions. This omission is particularly disturbing in the case of Canada, which now has some of the most extensive pay equity legislation in the world. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture, circa the late 1980's, of the occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. We also draw explicit comparisons of our findings to evidence for the United States. We find that the link between female wages and gender composition is much stronger in the United States than in Canada, where it is generally small and not statistically significant. The relatively more advantageous position of women in female jobs in Canada is found to be linked to higher unionization rates and the industry-wage effects of "public goods" sectors.
Release date: 2000-09-05 - Articles and reports: 81-003-X19990045144Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article explores the effects of increasing costs on university attendance and the subsequent labour market outcomes of graduates.
Release date: 2000-09-01 - Articles and reports: 87-004-X20000015130Geography: CanadaDescription:
The incomes of culture workers have long been an issue of concern to culture organizations and lobby groups. Using the 1997 Census, we can look at the average earnings of some 500 different occupations including some selected culture occupations.
Release date: 2000-07-27 - 7. One hundred years of labour force ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20000015086Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article provides a brief overview of the major developments in the evolution of the labour force during the 20th century.
Release date: 2000-06-13 - 8. Knowledge workers on the move ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X20000025072Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines available empirical evidence about Canada's "brain drain" - the loss of knowledge workers to the United States. It also looks at Canada's "brain gain" - the acquisition of knowledge workers from the rest of the world. (Adapted from an article in the Spring 2000 issue of Education Quarterly Review).
Release date: 2000-06-07 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2000148Geography: CanadaDescription:
There is a general sense that the 1990s labour market was unique. It has been characterized by notions such as "downsizing", "technological revolution", "the knowledge-based economy", "rising job instability", and so on. This paper provides an extensive overview of the performance of the 1990s labour market, and asks just how different it was from the 1980s. It goes on to ask if the facts are consistent with many common beliefs and explanations. The paper focuses on (a) macro-level labour market outcomes, and (b) distributional outcomes. Macro-level topics include: has the nature of work changed dramatically in the 1990s? has there been a continued ratcheting up of unemployment? have we witnessed rising job instability and increased levels of layoffs? did company downsizing increase in the 1990s? why did per capita income growth stall in the 1990s? for a worker with a given level of human capital, has there been a deterioration in labour market outcomes?
Much of the focus in the labour market over the 1980s and 1990s was on distributional outcomes - who is winning and who is losing. Some of the distributional outcomes of the 1990s labour market addressed in the paper include: outcomes for men and women; changes in the relative wages of the highly educated and earnings inequality; trends in the rate of low-income; the changing outcomes for recent labour market entrants, including young people and immigrants; and the extent to which technological change plays a major role in these outcomes.
The paper concludes with a discussion of the overall performance of the 1990s labour market as compared to the 1980s.
Release date: 2000-05-04 - Articles and reports: 21-601-M1996030Description:
This paper looks at trends in rural employment in Canada and compares them with trends for other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.
Release date: 2000-01-14
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