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- 1. Firms, Industries, and Unemployment Insurance: An Analysis Using Employer-employee Data from Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005260Geography: CanadaDescription:
The exploration of newly available administrative data in a number of countries has led to a growing realization that a careful study of the interaction between employer and employee characteristics is needed to fully understand labour market outcomes. The objective of this paper is to develop this theme by examining the design of social policy and its interaction with the labour market. The focus is on the Canadian unemployment insurance (UI) program. This analysis uses administrative data on the universe of employees, firms, and UI recipients in Canada over an 11 year period to examine the operation of UI from the perspective of the firm, paying particular attention to longitudinal issues associated with the pattern and causes of cross-subsidies. The findings show that persistent transfers through UI are present at both industry and firm levels. These cross-subsidies are concentrated among a small fraction of firms. An analysis using firm fixed effect indicates that almost 60 percent of explained variation in persistent cross-subsidies can be attributed to firm effects. Calculations of overall efficiency loss are very sensitive to the degree to which firm level information is used. A full appreciation of how social programs like UI interact with the labour market requires recognition of the characteristics and human resource practices of firms, and might be more fruitfully explored by implicit contract models of unemployment.
Release date: 2005-06-30 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005256Geography: CanadaDescription:
We investigate whether trade liberalization affects profitability and financial leverage, using Canadian data from the period following implementation of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement. We find that falling domestic tariffs are associated with declining profits and increasing leverage for import-competing firms, while falling foreign tariffs are associated with increasing profits and decreasing leverage for firms in export-oriented industries. This pattern is consistent with the "pecking order" theory of capital structure.
Release date: 2005-06-22 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005257Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article summarizes findings from the research paper entitled: Trade liberalization, profitability, and financial leverage. Changes in international trade policy may influence financial leverage, the relative importance of debt as opposed to equity in financing the firm, expressed by a debt-to-asset ratio. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate empirically whether trade liberalization has an impact on leverage. The second is to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on profitability. Changes in trade policy are a major part of the international business environment, and our theoretical formulation suggests that trade liberalization influences leverage largely through its effect on profits. Therefore, testing the link between liberalization and profits is a central test of our overall theoretical structure. The paper is divided into the following sections: four testable hypotheses regarding the possible effect of trade liberalization on profits and leverage; a description of the data set; empirical results and analysis; and concluding remarks.
Release date: 2005-06-22 - 4. Innovation and industry clusters ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X20050028018Geography: CanadaDescription:
Does innovation thrive best in industry clusters? That is, is a company more likely to be innovative if it is located close to many of its rivals? And what role does research at a local university play on industrial innovation? A recent study based on data from a Statistics Canada innovation survey, finds that firms located near their rivals or universities are no more innovative than other firms in the same industry are, except at extremely short distances.
Release date: 2005-06-20 - Articles and reports: 11-621-M2005025Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This study examines the performance of key industries in the manufacturing sector in each province in 2004, and the major factors influencing each.
Release date: 2005-04-25 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005004Description:
Knowledge management practices were more important to the success of innovative business units in selected service industries than was the case for non-innovative business units. Innovative business units were those that introduced new or significantly improved products or processes between 2001 and 2003. The knowledge management practices that were important to their success included knowledge sharing, knowledge codification, knowledge development and knowledge acquisition and retention practices.
Release date: 2005-02-09
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- 1. Firms, Industries, and Unemployment Insurance: An Analysis Using Employer-employee Data from Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005260Geography: CanadaDescription:
The exploration of newly available administrative data in a number of countries has led to a growing realization that a careful study of the interaction between employer and employee characteristics is needed to fully understand labour market outcomes. The objective of this paper is to develop this theme by examining the design of social policy and its interaction with the labour market. The focus is on the Canadian unemployment insurance (UI) program. This analysis uses administrative data on the universe of employees, firms, and UI recipients in Canada over an 11 year period to examine the operation of UI from the perspective of the firm, paying particular attention to longitudinal issues associated with the pattern and causes of cross-subsidies. The findings show that persistent transfers through UI are present at both industry and firm levels. These cross-subsidies are concentrated among a small fraction of firms. An analysis using firm fixed effect indicates that almost 60 percent of explained variation in persistent cross-subsidies can be attributed to firm effects. Calculations of overall efficiency loss are very sensitive to the degree to which firm level information is used. A full appreciation of how social programs like UI interact with the labour market requires recognition of the characteristics and human resource practices of firms, and might be more fruitfully explored by implicit contract models of unemployment.
Release date: 2005-06-30 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005256Geography: CanadaDescription:
We investigate whether trade liberalization affects profitability and financial leverage, using Canadian data from the period following implementation of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement. We find that falling domestic tariffs are associated with declining profits and increasing leverage for import-competing firms, while falling foreign tariffs are associated with increasing profits and decreasing leverage for firms in export-oriented industries. This pattern is consistent with the "pecking order" theory of capital structure.
Release date: 2005-06-22 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005257Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article summarizes findings from the research paper entitled: Trade liberalization, profitability, and financial leverage. Changes in international trade policy may influence financial leverage, the relative importance of debt as opposed to equity in financing the firm, expressed by a debt-to-asset ratio. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate empirically whether trade liberalization has an impact on leverage. The second is to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on profitability. Changes in trade policy are a major part of the international business environment, and our theoretical formulation suggests that trade liberalization influences leverage largely through its effect on profits. Therefore, testing the link between liberalization and profits is a central test of our overall theoretical structure. The paper is divided into the following sections: four testable hypotheses regarding the possible effect of trade liberalization on profits and leverage; a description of the data set; empirical results and analysis; and concluding remarks.
Release date: 2005-06-22 - 4. Innovation and industry clusters ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X20050028018Geography: CanadaDescription:
Does innovation thrive best in industry clusters? That is, is a company more likely to be innovative if it is located close to many of its rivals? And what role does research at a local university play on industrial innovation? A recent study based on data from a Statistics Canada innovation survey, finds that firms located near their rivals or universities are no more innovative than other firms in the same industry are, except at extremely short distances.
Release date: 2005-06-20 - Articles and reports: 11-621-M2005025Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This study examines the performance of key industries in the manufacturing sector in each province in 2004, and the major factors influencing each.
Release date: 2005-04-25 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005004Description:
Knowledge management practices were more important to the success of innovative business units in selected service industries than was the case for non-innovative business units. Innovative business units were those that introduced new or significantly improved products or processes between 2001 and 2003. The knowledge management practices that were important to their success included knowledge sharing, knowledge codification, knowledge development and knowledge acquisition and retention practices.
Release date: 2005-02-09
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