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- Articles and reports: 85-002-X202400100002Description: This Juristat article presents data and information on reconvictions among adults released from full-time custody, starting an intermittent custodial sentence, or starting a community supervision sentence across five provincial correctional programs in 2015/2016. Reconvictions were examined for up to four years, from 2015/2016 to 2018/2019. Findings are disaggregated by age, gender, criminal history and population group, including Indigenous, Black and other racialized groups. This study is based on linked data from the Canadian Correctional Services Survey, Integrated Criminal Court Survey and Canadian Vital Statistics - Death database.Release date: 2024-02-23
- 2. The Development of Police-reported Delinquency Among Canadian Youth Born in 1987 and 1990 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-561-M2007009Geography: CanadaDescription:
This report examines the development over childhood and adolescence of the recorded criminal activity of two cohorts of Canadians, born in 1987 and 1990. The data are drawn from the Incident-Based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR2) for 1995 to 2005. During that period, the UCR2 received information on crime and offenders from police services in six provinces, which provided policing services to about half of the population of Canada. This is the first large-scale developmental study of delinquency in Canada based on police-reported data.
Release date: 2007-11-06 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X20060018985Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Juristat presents for the first time a detailed examination of the offences against the administration of justice such as failure to comply with a court order, breach of probation, and failure to appear. It reports on the increasing occurence of these offences in the criminal justice system from 1994/95 to 2003/04.
Release date: 2006-01-11 - 4. Criminal Justice Indicators ArchivedTable: 85-227-XDescription:
This report presents indicators to measure the workload and performance of the criminal justice system, as well as indictors on a number of socio-demographic and economic factors that can be associated with crime and victimization. In this report, workload and volume measures centre on the work of the police, courts, corrections, diversion programs and victim services and changes over time. Examples of workload and volume indicators examined in this report include: the number of criminal incidents known to police; the number of people serviced by alternative measures, mediation, dispute resolution and diversion programs; the number of cases dealt with in court; average counts in corrections institutions, and; the number of persons assisted by victim service agencies. Performance indicators are organized according to the following five general goals of the criminal justice system: 1) Public order, safety and national security through prevention and intervention; 2) Offender accountability, reintegration and rehabilitation; 3) Public trust, confidence and respect for the justice system; 4) Social equity and access to the justice system for all citizens, and; 5) Victim needs served. Examples of performance indicators examined in this report are: the overall cost of administering the sectors of the criminal justice system; the type and length of sentences ordered in court; public satisfaction with the police, the courts, and the correctional and parole systems; the number of applications for legal aid, and; the number of services for victims of crime. The various socio-demographic and economic indicators included in this report are presented in order to present statistical information on the factors that can be associated with crime. These 'context of crime indicators are organized into three broad categories: Community and society, Family, and Individual. Examples of such indicators examined in this report are: the age and sex distributions of the population; income levels and labour force participation; levels of social engagement; levels of gang activity; family structures; levels of child support; levels of education; the rate of literacy, and; the rate of alcohol and drug abuse among the adult and youth population.
Release date: 2005-12-20 - 5. Court Careers of a Canadian Birth Cohort ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-561-M2005006Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This is the first quasi-national Canadian study of the criminal careers of a birth cohort. It uses linked data from the Youth Court Survey and Adult Criminal Court Survey to describe the court careers up to the 22nd birthday of Canadians born in 1979/80. The study includes six provinces - Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Saskatchewan, and Alberta - accounting for approximately 78% of the population of Canada.
Eighteen per 100 members of the cohort were referred to court for a criminal offence allegedly committed before their 22nd birthday. Thirteen were found guilty of at least one offence, and ten received a sentence which put them under the supervision of correctional or probation authorities. The peak age of referral to court is 18 years. On average, between the ages of 12 and 21 inclusive, alleged offenders were referred to court in connection with 3.1 criminal incidents' or 2.4, if administrative offences are excluded. Just over half of alleged offenders had only one incident in their court career. Seventeen percent of alleged offenders were classified as chronic offenders, who were responsible for 58% of all alleged criminal incidents.
Individuals whose contact with the court system begins later in adolescence tend to be involved in fewer criminal incidents. The lengths of court careers vary widely, but the mean and median lengths are 20 months and 13 months respectively. Age-specific annual rates of alleged offending are similar for accused males and females, and peak at 15 years of age. There is no particular tendency to escalation, de-escalation, or stability in the seriousness of repeated court referrals: all three patterns occur frequently. Thirty-seven percent of individuals with multiple court referrals have adolescent-limited careers (i.e. no incidents after the 18th birthday which resulted in court referral), 43% have adult-onset careers (no incidents before the 18th birthday), and 20% are persistent offenders (with incidents both as youths and as adults). The latter have many more criminal incidents in their careers and are much more likely than the others to have been referred to court for an offence against the person; however, the incidents in their careers are not more serious on average, and they are not more likely to have had an early onset of contact with the court system.
The file from which these results were derived could support much more detailed analyses of the topics which are touched on by this report, as well as other topics which have not been addressed, such as the timing of incidents during the career, the processing of cases through the courts, the sequence of case outcomes and sentences, and the interactions between sentencing and future offending, including the impact on careers of incapacitation. As additional years of court data become available, future research should follow court careers past the 22nd birthday. This will result in a more complete picture of the court careers of chronic, persistent offenders, as well as a more thorough investigation of the court careers of "adult-onset " offenders, who had no contact with the court system during adolescence.
Release date: 2005-12-09 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X20050028411Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This Juristat examines the case histories and correctional outcomes of adults under provincial correctional supervision in Saskatchewan during the years 1999/00 through 2003/04. This is the first report analyzing data from the newly implemented Integrated Correctional Services Survey (ICSS). It provides an analysis of characteristics of persons supervised in correctional services, and a description of their involvement, any re-involvements, as well as a comparative analysis of these characteristics between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons. Several cohorts of persons released from supervised correctional activity in Saskatchewan are analyzed regarding their return to correctional services as well as the relationship between these re-involvements and various demographic, case history and criminal justice factors.
Release date: 2005-06-03 - Articles and reports: 85-561-M2004003Geography: CanadaDescription:
This multivariate statistical analysis, which captures the number of prior police contacts of young people apprehended by the police, uses longitudinally linked records from the Incident-Based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey for 1995 to 2001.
Release date: 2004-09-14 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X20020098428Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
The Juristat publication, "Pilot analysis of recidivism among convicted youth and young adults, 1999/00," summarizes trends from the provincial/territorial courts across Canada that provided data to the Adult Criminal Court Survey (ACCS) and the Youth Court Survey (YCS). This report attempts to gauge the prevalence of recidivism in young adults by examining the conviction histories of young adults convicted in Canadian criminal courts in 1999-2000. It also examines the transition from youth to adult offending, including patterns of re-offending, differences in conviction histories by age of onset and the impact of conviction history on court sentencing.
Release date: 2002-10-23 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X20020048414Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 2000 International Crime Victimization Survey (ICVS) provides comparable international information on the nature and extent of crime. Respondents supply detailed information on 11 types of crime, including when, where and how often offences occurred over the previous five years; whether offences were reported to the police; and whether victimization experiences were considered serious. Participants give their opinions on public safety, policing and sentencing.
This Juristat presents an overview of the findings of the 2000 ICVS and makes comparisons with previous survey cycles from 1989, 1992 and 1996. The majority of the analysis focuses on data from the following 13 of 17 participants: Canada, Australia, Belgium, England and Wales, Finland, France, Japan, the Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Poland, Scotland, Sweden and the United States. Canada was one of the 17 industrialized countries that participated in 2000 and is one of five industrialized countries to have participated in all four cycles of the survey.
Release date: 2002-05-30 - 10. Youth court statistics 2000-2001 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20020038373Geography: CanadaDescription:
In 2000/01, 99,590 cases were processed in the youth courts of Canada. This represents a 2% decrease in the number of cases processed from the previous year and a decrease of 10% from 1996/97.
The number of Property crime cases heard in youth courts decreased annually, dropping 23% between 1996/97 and 2000/01. The number of Violent crime cases has dropped by 6% since 1996/97. The number of Drug-related cases has increased by 30% since 1996/97.
Release date: 2002-03-21
Data (1)
Data (1) ((1 result))
- 1. Criminal Justice Indicators ArchivedTable: 85-227-XDescription:
This report presents indicators to measure the workload and performance of the criminal justice system, as well as indictors on a number of socio-demographic and economic factors that can be associated with crime and victimization. In this report, workload and volume measures centre on the work of the police, courts, corrections, diversion programs and victim services and changes over time. Examples of workload and volume indicators examined in this report include: the number of criminal incidents known to police; the number of people serviced by alternative measures, mediation, dispute resolution and diversion programs; the number of cases dealt with in court; average counts in corrections institutions, and; the number of persons assisted by victim service agencies. Performance indicators are organized according to the following five general goals of the criminal justice system: 1) Public order, safety and national security through prevention and intervention; 2) Offender accountability, reintegration and rehabilitation; 3) Public trust, confidence and respect for the justice system; 4) Social equity and access to the justice system for all citizens, and; 5) Victim needs served. Examples of performance indicators examined in this report are: the overall cost of administering the sectors of the criminal justice system; the type and length of sentences ordered in court; public satisfaction with the police, the courts, and the correctional and parole systems; the number of applications for legal aid, and; the number of services for victims of crime. The various socio-demographic and economic indicators included in this report are presented in order to present statistical information on the factors that can be associated with crime. These 'context of crime indicators are organized into three broad categories: Community and society, Family, and Individual. Examples of such indicators examined in this report are: the age and sex distributions of the population; income levels and labour force participation; levels of social engagement; levels of gang activity; family structures; levels of child support; levels of education; the rate of literacy, and; the rate of alcohol and drug abuse among the adult and youth population.
Release date: 2005-12-20
Analysis (23)
Analysis (23) (10 to 20 of 23 results)
- 11. Public attitudes toward the criminal justice system ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20000128385Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
In 1999, as part of its General Social Survey program, Statistics Canada conducted a survey on victimization and public perceptions of crime and the justice system. It was the third time that the General Social Survey (GSS) had examined victimization - previous surveys were conducted in 1993 and 1988.
For the 1999 survey, interviews were conducted by telephone with approximately 26,000 people, aged 15 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Respondents were asked for their opinions concerning the level of crime in their neighbourhood, their fear of crime and their views concerning the performance of the justice system. They were also asked about their attitudes toward sentencing adult and young offenders. Respondents were randomly presented with one of four hypothetical situations for which they were asked to choose "prison" or "non-prison". Respondents who selected prison sentences were given a follow-up question that asked them whether a sentence of one year of probation and 200 hours of community work was an acceptable alternative to the prison sentence.
This Juristat examines public attitudes toward sentencing adult and young offenders. It also analyzes public attitudes toward four sectors of the justice system including, the police, the criminal courts, the prison and parole systems.
Release date: 2000-12-04 - 12. Sentencing of young offenders in Canada, 1998/99 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20000078380Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Juristat from the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics analyzes recent trends in the sentencing of young offenders, those aged 12 to 17, who have been convicted of a federal offence. The analysis is based on data released earlier in May of this year.
It provides information on the characteristics of young offenders sentenced in court, the nature of dispositions, trends in sentencing, and comparisons of young offenders on the basis of age, sex, nature of charge, number of charges and prior convictions. In addition, this report compares the sentencing of adult and young offenders.
Release date: 2000-08-01 - 13. Family violence courts ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-224-X20000005333Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This section highlights innovative court responses to the problem of family violence in the two provinces which currently have specialized courts to deal with family violence cases; Manitoba and Ontario.
Release date: 2000-07-25 - 14. Youth court statistics, 1998-1999 highlights ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X20000028375Geography: CanadaDescription:
In 1998/99, 106,665 cases were processed in the youth courts of Canada. This represents a 4% decrease from the previous year and a decrease of 7% from 1992/93. It also represents a 13% decrease in the number of cases per 10,000 youths from 1992/93; since that year, the rate has dropped from 500 cases to 435 cases.
From 1992/93 to 1998/99, the rate of property crime cases decreased annually, dropping 31% over this period. On the other hand, the rate of violent crime cases has increased by 2% since 1992/93.
Release date: 2000-05-29 - 15. Impaired driving in Canada, 1998 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990118305Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan areaDescription:
The Juristat on impaired driving, released every two years, presents data on the declining trend in impaired driving at the national, provincial and census metropolitan area (CMA) levels, as well as the characteristics of persons charged with this offence. The analysis is based on police-reported statistics as well as data from the courts and corrections sectors. Other data sources include data on fatally-injured drivers, on trends in alcohol consumption, as well as information on pro-active police measures such as trends in check-stops and roadside license suspensions.
Release date: 1999-11-17 - 16. Youth and crime ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X19990014577Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article looks at the factors that increase the chances of youth becoming involved in crime.
Release date: 1999-06-08 - 17. Female inmates, Aboriginal inmates, and inmates serving life sentences: A one day snapshot ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19990058300Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Juristat profiles three populations of inmates: women, Aboriginal people and individuals serving life sentences. These data are based on a census of adult inmates on register in all adult correctional facilities as of midnight October 5th, 1996. Data were obtained through administrative records.
While the general population in Canada was made up almost equally of men and women, women comprised only 5% of prisoners in correctional facilities on October 5, 1996. Female inmates tended to be in their early 30s, single, with grade 9 education or less, and unemployed at the time of admission. They were considered at lower risk to re-offend than men.
Aboriginal people were over-represented in the prison system. Although they comprised only 2% of the general adult population, they accounted for 17% of the prison population. They were younger on average than non-Aboriginal inmates, had less education and were more likely to have been unemployed. They were also considered at higher risk to re-offend, and they had a higher set of needs than non-Aboriginal inmates (including, substance abuse, employment, personal needs and family/marital needs).
The data also showed that as of midnight October 5th, 1996, inmates serving a life sentence comprised nearly one-fifth (18%) of the nearly 13,900 inmates in federal prisons. A person can be given a life sentence if they have been convicted of offences such as first degree or second-degree murder. Parole eligibility varies from minimum ten years served to minimum 25 years served.
Individuals serving life sentences tended to be older and less educated than others in the prison population. The median age for lifers on snapshot day was 39, compared with 33 for other inmates. More than one-half (56%) of lifers had a grade 9 education or less, compared with 44% of other inmates.
In addition, a majority (84%) of inmates serving life sentences were considered at high risk to re-offend, a much higher proportion than the 53% of other inmates. Not surprisingly, lifers also had a higher set of needs, that is, problem areas requiring intervention, such as personal and emotional issues, marital and family problems, attitude and problems functioning in the community.
For more information or to enquire about the concepts, methods or data quality of this release, or to order a copy of the Juristat, contact Information and Client Services (613-951-9023 or 1-800-387-2231), Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics.
Release date: 1999-04-22 - Journals and periodicals: 85-601-XGeography: CanadaDescription:
This study describes people who were incarcerated in federal and provincial/territorial adult facilities at midnight on October 5, 1996. A census was used to gather data on facilities, inmates and security issues.
Release date: 1999-03-17 - 19. A Profile of Youth Justice in Canada ArchivedJournals and periodicals: 85-544-XGeography: CanadaDescription:
This publication presents information on youth crime and young offenders, including rates of crime, characteristics of young offenders and their victims, youth court cases, youth corrections, and repeat offenders.
Release date: 1998-12-15 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X19980088290Geography: CanadaDescription:
This series of reports provides detailed statistics and analysis on a variety of topics and issues concerning Canada's justice system. Annual Juristats are produced on areas such as: crime, homicide, youth and adult courts, and corrections. Additional Juristats are also produced each year on current topics of interest to the justice community. This is a unique periodical, of great interest to those who have to plan, establish, administer and evaluate justice programs and projects, or anyone who has an interest in Canada's justice system.
Release date: 1998-06-04
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