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- Articles and reports: 11-633-X2020002Description:
The concepts of urban and rural are widely debated and vary depending on a country’s geopolitical and sociodemographic composition. In Canada, population centres and statistical area classifications are widely used to distinguish urban and rural communities. However, neither of these classifications precisely classify Canadian communities into urban, rural and remote areas. A group of researchers at Statistics Canada developed an alternative tool called the “remoteness index” to measure the relative remoteness of Canadian communities. This study builds on the remoteness index, which is a continuous index, by examining how it can be classified into five discrete categories of remoteness geographies. When properly categorized, the remoteness index can be a useful tool to distinguish urban, rural and remote communities in Canada, while protecting the privacy and confidentiality of citizens. This study considers five methodological approaches and recommends three methods.
Release date: 2020-08-11 - 2. A modern framework: Breaking new ground ArchivedStats in brief: 11-629-X2019004Description:
This video explains the Necessity and Proportionality Framework, which assesses data sensitivity and gathering in a more integrated way while ensuring the data needs of Canadians are met.
Release date: 2019-11-26 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200900211037Description:
Randomized response strategies, which have originally been developed as statistical methods to reduce nonresponse as well as untruthful answering, can also be applied in the field of statistical disclosure control for public use microdata files. In this paper a standardization of randomized response techniques for the estimation of proportions of identifying or sensitive attributes is presented. The statistical properties of the standardized estimator are derived for general probability sampling. In order to analyse the effect of different choices of the method's implicit "design parameters" on the performance of the estimator we have to include measures of privacy protection in our considerations. These yield variance-optimum design parameters given a certain level of privacy protection. To this end the variables have to be classified into different categories of sensitivity. A real-data example applies the technique in a survey on academic cheating behaviour.
Release date: 2009-12-23 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X200800010963Description:
BackgroundThere has been a reluctance to conduct child related research studies with, rather than on children in the African continent. Several studies have embarked on this method, however, ethical and privacy challenges still prevail. The Amajuba Child Health and Wellbeing Research Project is a longitudinal study that was conducted with 725 children aged between 9 and 15 years old in KwaZulu Natal in South Africa and also faced the same challenges.
MethodsFocus group discussions and self administered questionnaires were used as data collection techniques for ACHWRP. One of ACHWRP's objectives is to document the consequences of parental or caregiver death on health and well-being of orphans in Amajuba District of KwaZulu Natal. Ethical clearance was received from two ethical review boards.
Lessons learnedEthical challenges included problems of coercion for participation, gatekeeper's and partner's roles, getting consent and assent, recruitment and referral system.Privacy challenges included data collection techniques, curiosity and destruction by members of the family during an interview, the setting where interviews are conducted, logistical issues and the method of recruitment's potential to compromise confidentiality.Resolutions: Detailed consent and assent forms with all relevant information are necessary. Careful selection of partnerships is crucial. Use of a venue that is far from the community is necessary, but in the process making sure that the participants are covered with regards to the expenses of travelling to the venue.
ConclusionConducting research with children entails investing more time and attention to the planning stage of the study.
Release date: 2009-12-03 - Articles and reports: 82-003-S200700010364Description:
This article describes how the Canadian Health Measures Survey has addressed the ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI) arising from the survey. The development of appropriate procedures and the rationale behind them are discussed in detail for some specific ELSI.
Release date: 2007-12-05 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20050019483Description:
All member countries in Europe face similar problems with respect to Statistical disclosure control (SDC). They all need to find a balance between preservation of privacy for the respondents and the very legitimate requests of society, researchers and policy makers to provide more and more detailed information. This growing demand, due to developments of the information age and knowledge society is a common problem of the European Statistical System (ESS).In the paper current Eurostat confidentiality issues and strategy are discussed and is described a European SDC approach through the establishment of a Centres and Networks of Excellence (CENEX).
Release date: 2007-03-02 - 7. Wired young Canadians ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20010036003Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines access to and use of the Internet by young Canadians aged 15 to 24. It explores their motivations and their concerns about security and privacy.
Release date: 2001-12-11 - 8. Kids and teens on the net ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20010025821Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines the extent to which children have access to the Internet at home. It focuses on parents' knowledge of their children's use of the Net, the factors that contribute to or limit access, parental concerns about privacy, and the limitations parents place on using the Internet.
Release date: 2001-09-11 - 9. The facts on Internet shopping from home ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X20010025758Geography: CanadaDescription:
Consumers can browse the Web for purchasing ideas, to place orders and even pay for purchases over the Internet. Canadians have started doing so. Statistics Canada has been monitoring household Internet use for some time. With e-commerce as an emerging phenomenon, the 1999 Household Internet use survey (HIUS) collected detailed information on Internet shopping for the first time.
Release date: 2001-05-02 - Journals and periodicals: 56F0006XGeography: CanadaDescription:
Using the 2000 General Social Survey data on individual Internet use, this paper explores the use of the Internet, and its social impact on Canadians. During the year 2000, an estimated 13 million, or 53% of Canadians over 15 years of age, said they used the Internet at home, work or somewhere else in the last 12 months. Most non-users say cost and access are their greatest barriers to the Internet. The majority of Canadians feel everyone should have access to the Internet, but they are divided about who should remove the barriers
Release date: 2001-03-26
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- Articles and reports: 11-633-X2020002Description:
The concepts of urban and rural are widely debated and vary depending on a country’s geopolitical and sociodemographic composition. In Canada, population centres and statistical area classifications are widely used to distinguish urban and rural communities. However, neither of these classifications precisely classify Canadian communities into urban, rural and remote areas. A group of researchers at Statistics Canada developed an alternative tool called the “remoteness index” to measure the relative remoteness of Canadian communities. This study builds on the remoteness index, which is a continuous index, by examining how it can be classified into five discrete categories of remoteness geographies. When properly categorized, the remoteness index can be a useful tool to distinguish urban, rural and remote communities in Canada, while protecting the privacy and confidentiality of citizens. This study considers five methodological approaches and recommends three methods.
Release date: 2020-08-11 - 2. A modern framework: Breaking new ground ArchivedStats in brief: 11-629-X2019004Description:
This video explains the Necessity and Proportionality Framework, which assesses data sensitivity and gathering in a more integrated way while ensuring the data needs of Canadians are met.
Release date: 2019-11-26 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200900211037Description:
Randomized response strategies, which have originally been developed as statistical methods to reduce nonresponse as well as untruthful answering, can also be applied in the field of statistical disclosure control for public use microdata files. In this paper a standardization of randomized response techniques for the estimation of proportions of identifying or sensitive attributes is presented. The statistical properties of the standardized estimator are derived for general probability sampling. In order to analyse the effect of different choices of the method's implicit "design parameters" on the performance of the estimator we have to include measures of privacy protection in our considerations. These yield variance-optimum design parameters given a certain level of privacy protection. To this end the variables have to be classified into different categories of sensitivity. A real-data example applies the technique in a survey on academic cheating behaviour.
Release date: 2009-12-23 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X200800010963Description:
BackgroundThere has been a reluctance to conduct child related research studies with, rather than on children in the African continent. Several studies have embarked on this method, however, ethical and privacy challenges still prevail. The Amajuba Child Health and Wellbeing Research Project is a longitudinal study that was conducted with 725 children aged between 9 and 15 years old in KwaZulu Natal in South Africa and also faced the same challenges.
MethodsFocus group discussions and self administered questionnaires were used as data collection techniques for ACHWRP. One of ACHWRP's objectives is to document the consequences of parental or caregiver death on health and well-being of orphans in Amajuba District of KwaZulu Natal. Ethical clearance was received from two ethical review boards.
Lessons learnedEthical challenges included problems of coercion for participation, gatekeeper's and partner's roles, getting consent and assent, recruitment and referral system.Privacy challenges included data collection techniques, curiosity and destruction by members of the family during an interview, the setting where interviews are conducted, logistical issues and the method of recruitment's potential to compromise confidentiality.Resolutions: Detailed consent and assent forms with all relevant information are necessary. Careful selection of partnerships is crucial. Use of a venue that is far from the community is necessary, but in the process making sure that the participants are covered with regards to the expenses of travelling to the venue.
ConclusionConducting research with children entails investing more time and attention to the planning stage of the study.
Release date: 2009-12-03 - Articles and reports: 82-003-S200700010364Description:
This article describes how the Canadian Health Measures Survey has addressed the ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI) arising from the survey. The development of appropriate procedures and the rationale behind them are discussed in detail for some specific ELSI.
Release date: 2007-12-05 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20050019483Description:
All member countries in Europe face similar problems with respect to Statistical disclosure control (SDC). They all need to find a balance between preservation of privacy for the respondents and the very legitimate requests of society, researchers and policy makers to provide more and more detailed information. This growing demand, due to developments of the information age and knowledge society is a common problem of the European Statistical System (ESS).In the paper current Eurostat confidentiality issues and strategy are discussed and is described a European SDC approach through the establishment of a Centres and Networks of Excellence (CENEX).
Release date: 2007-03-02 - 7. Wired young Canadians ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20010036003Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines access to and use of the Internet by young Canadians aged 15 to 24. It explores their motivations and their concerns about security and privacy.
Release date: 2001-12-11 - 8. Kids and teens on the net ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20010025821Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article examines the extent to which children have access to the Internet at home. It focuses on parents' knowledge of their children's use of the Net, the factors that contribute to or limit access, parental concerns about privacy, and the limitations parents place on using the Internet.
Release date: 2001-09-11 - 9. The facts on Internet shopping from home ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X20010025758Geography: CanadaDescription:
Consumers can browse the Web for purchasing ideas, to place orders and even pay for purchases over the Internet. Canadians have started doing so. Statistics Canada has been monitoring household Internet use for some time. With e-commerce as an emerging phenomenon, the 1999 Household Internet use survey (HIUS) collected detailed information on Internet shopping for the first time.
Release date: 2001-05-02 - Journals and periodicals: 56F0006XGeography: CanadaDescription:
Using the 2000 General Social Survey data on individual Internet use, this paper explores the use of the Internet, and its social impact on Canadians. During the year 2000, an estimated 13 million, or 53% of Canadians over 15 years of age, said they used the Internet at home, work or somewhere else in the last 12 months. Most non-users say cost and access are their greatest barriers to the Internet. The majority of Canadians feel everyone should have access to the Internet, but they are divided about who should remove the barriers
Release date: 2001-03-26
Reference (3)
Reference (3) ((3 results))
- 1. Getting ready for the 2001 Census ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-008-X20000045556Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article provides information about the census and how the data gathered are used.
Release date: 2001-03-12 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015642Description:
The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) links immigration and taxation administrative records into a comprehensive source of data on the labour market behaviour of the landed immigrant population in Canada. It covers the period 1980 to 1995 and will be updated annually starting with the 1996 tax year in 1999. Statistics Canada manages the database on behalf of a federal-provincial consortium led by Citizenship and Immigration Canada. The IMDB was created specifically to respond to the need for detailed and reliable data on the performance and impact of immigration policies and programs. It is the only source of data at Statistics Canada that provides a direct link between immigration policy levers and the economic performance of immigrants. The paper will examine the issues related to the development of a longitudinal database combining administrative records to support policy-relevant research and analysis. Discussion will focus specifically on the methodological, conceptual, analytical and privacy issues involved in the creation and ongoing development of this database. The paper will also touch briefly on research findings, which illustrate the policy outcome links the IMDB allows policy-makers to investigate.
Release date: 2000-03-02 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015644Description:
One method of enriching survey data is to supplement information collected directly from the respondent with that obtained from administrative systems. The aims of such a practice include being able to collect data which might not otherwise be possible, provision of better quality information for data items which respondents may not be able to report accurately (or not at all) reduction of respondent load, and maximising the utility of information held in administrative systems. Given the direct link with administrative information, the data set resulting from such techniques is potentially a powerful basis for policy-relevant analysis and evaluation. However, the processes involved in effectively combining data from different sources raise a number of challenges which need to be addressed by the parties involved. These include issues associated with privacy, data linking, data quality, estimation, and dissemination.
Release date: 2000-03-02
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