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Recent research has suggested that investment has shifted from urban areas to more rural locales. However, Canadian manufacturing remains predominantly an urban activity with more than 40% of manufacturing employment located in Canada's three largest urban regions. This paper examines the changing manufacturing landscapes of Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver and outlines the shifts in industry mix, employment, and wage levels that have taken place over the period between 1976 and 1997. The analysis uses a longitudinal plant-level database based upon the Annual Survey of Manufactures conducted by Statistics Canada.

Toronto and Vancouver both experience growth in the manufacturing sector, while Montreal experiences decline driven by differences in their industrial structure. Manufacturing activity has increased in a number of sectors of Toronto's economy, but has been particularly influenced by the growing automotive sector that ties the city to a large North American market. Montreal has experienced declines across most of the manufacturing industries. A heavy concentration of employment in labour intensive industries such as textiles and clothing, which have experienced severe declines across Canada, has amplified the level of decline in Montreal. However, Montreal has seen some growth in science-based industries. While Vancouver's manufacturing economy is much smaller in absolute terms, maintaining slightly less than a 5% share of national manufacturing employment, it has exhibited higher levels of long-run growth and restructuring than its eastern counterparts.

A second focus of the paper is to explore the relationship between economic volatility and diversity in the manufacturing sector using a number of statistical measures. Toronto and Montreal have diverse industrial structures, although each has become slightly more concentrated over the study period. In Montreal, this is due to the increasing importance of other industries, as the clothing and textiles industry declines. In Toronto, this can be attributed to the increased importance of the food and transportation equipment industries. Vancouver has become increasingly diversified over the study period, reflecting the growth and dynamism of this sector. The mature manufacturing economies of Toronto and Montreal exhibit lower levels of volatility than their western counterpart.

This publication provides a detailed description of the methods used to arrive at the various low income cut-offs. There is also an explanation of how base years are defined, and how the cutoffs are updated using the Consumer Price Index.

This is a preliminary release of data in advance of the annual publication. Data from facilities-based carriers (wireline, wireless and satellite) and resellers are presented.

This bulletin provides recent information on the performance and funding of Federal Government Expenditures on Scientific Activities, 2001-2002. The statistics presented are derived from the survey of the science and technology (S&T) activities of federal departments and agencies. According to international convention, S&T is divided into two fields; Natural Sciences and Engineering (NSE) and Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH). These fields of science are further divided into Research and Development (R&D) and Related Scientific Activities (RSA).

The purpose of this bulletin is to review various responses to "Why are you asking about rural populations?"; to summarize and compare alternative definitions that have been used to delineate the "rural" population within the databases at Statistics Canada; and to offer alternative definitions of "rural" that would be appropriate to each reason for asking about the rural population.

The school performance of the children of immigrants in the Canadian school system is analyzed using data from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). School performance is measured in terms of ability at reading, writing, mathematics and overall aptitude. The parents' and teachers' assessments of the children's performances are used, as are the results of formal testing. On average, children of immigrants generally do at least as well as the children of the Canadian-born along each dimension of school performance. The children of immigrant parents whose first language is either English or French have especially high outcomes. The children of other immigrant parents have lower performance in reading, writing and composition but their performance in mathematics is comparable to that of the children of Canadian-born parents. It is also found that with more years in the Canadian education system, the performance of these children in reading, writing and mathematics improves and is equal to or greater than the performance of the children of Canadian-born parents by age thirteen in virtually all areas of performance.

Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD) represents total R&D expenditures performed in a country's national territory during a given year. GERD includes research and development performed within a country and funded from abroad but excludes payments sent abroad for research and development performed in other countries.

Since the Job Vacancy Survey conducted by Statistics Canada between 1971 and 1978, there is no data which directly measures job vacancies in Canada. Using data from the 1999 Workplace and Employee Survey (WES), we attempt to fill this gap. We study the determinants of job vacancies at the location level. We find that workplaces with high vacancy rates consist of at least two types: 1) those employing a highly skilled workforce, innovating, adopting new technologies increasing skill requirements, facing significant international competition and operating in tight local labour markets, and 2) those which are non-unionized, operate in retail trade and consumer services industries and are not part of a multi-location firm. As a result, a substantial share of job vacancies are not in the high-technology sectors. More than 40% of all job vacancies and 50% of long-term vacancies originate from retail trade and consumer services industries.

This paper examines the job vacancy rate in Canada in order to estimate companies' hiring intentions and the future direction of labour demand. It uses data from the new Workplace and Employee Survey (WES).

The 2000 police-reported statistics indicate that the overall crime rate in Canada decreased for the ninth consecutive year and is at its lowest point since 1978. In addition, data from studies such as the 1999 General Social Survey (GSS) suggest that many Canadians perceive crime as having stabilized over the past five years and feel less fearful of being a victim of crime in their neighbourhoods. Despite these positive indicators, the violent crime rate increased by 3% in 2000, the first increase in seven years. This report examines trends and characteristics for the most serious violent crime – homicide.

The publication gives a list of generating plants in Canada by ownership, showing the location, year of installation of the first and last generators, the total number of generators, and total plant capacity. It includes explanatory notes and a bibliography.

Pension plans in Canada provides information on all employer sponsered pension plans in both the public and private sectors. Information is presented on male and female membership; type of plan (defined benefit, defined contributions) provincial distribution of members; labour force coverage; eligibility conditions; contribution and benefit rates; contributions paid into the plans; and indexing provisions.

This is a preliminary release of data in advance of the annual publication. Data from facilities-based carriers (wireline, wireless and satellite) and resellers are presented.

To provide data users with a more complete picture of the activies associated with the Couriers and Local Messengers industry.

The seasonal factors used to seasonally adjust the New Motor Vehicle Sales series are available through a monthly fax service. The factors from two months prior to the reference period through three months following the reference period are provided for total new motor vehicles, commercial vehicles, and North American, overseas and total passenger cars.

This report presents a brief overview of the information collected in Cycle 13 of the General Social Survey (GSS). Cycle 13 is the third cycle (following cycles 3 and 8) that collected information in 1999 on the nature and extent of criminal victimisation in Canada. Focus content for cycle 13 addressed two areas of emerging interest: public perception toward alternatives to imprisonment; and spousal violence and senior abuse. Other subjects common to all three cycles include perceptions of crime, police and courts; crime prevention precautions; accident and crime screening sections; and accident and crime incident reports. The target population of the GSS is all individuals aged 15 and over living in a private household in one of the ten provinces

This issue of the Bulletin presents financial and operating statistics for the cable, direct-to-home satellite and wireless cable television industries for the 1997 to 2000 period.

This report is produced from data supplied by Canadian Customs and Revenue Agency. It provides information on retirement savings through registered pension plans (RPPs) and/or registered retirement savings plans (RRSPs) from 1993 to 1999. The data make it possible to identify the characteristics (age, sex and income) of tax-filers who did and who did not participate in these programs.

Private radio broadcasters' revenues surpassed $1.0 billion for the first time in 2000, increasing 5.2% from 1999. This increase was largely the result of the good performance of FM broadcasters whose revenues increased by 7.9% compared to 0.8% for AM broadcasters. Revenues grew at a rate below the national average in New Brunswick, Quebec, Manitoba and British Columbia and at a rate above the national average in all other regions.

Gross and net sales of gasolines and net fuel sales of diesel oil and liquefied petroleum gas used for automotive purposes are presented by year and by month, by province and by territory. Each issue provides five years of data on net sales of gasoline by month or by province.

This service bulletin presents the geographic distribution of federal government science and technology expenditures. Data on federal government expenditures on science and technology are found in Volume 25 No. 9 of this publication series, released in November 2001. In both this and the earlier bulletin, science and technology (S&T) expenditures are the sum of expenditures on research and development (R&D) and on related scientific activities (RSA).

This publication presents the national gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD) from 1990 to 2001 as well as the Provincial GERD from 1990 to 1999. Up until 1985, GERD included research and development (R&D) expenditures in the Natural Sciences and Engineering (NSE) only. Beginning in 1985, Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) activities are also included in GERD. An additional series of tables showing R&D expenditures at the national level in either science from 1963 to 1989, or at the provincial level from 1979 to 1989, may be obtained from the Science and Innovation Surveys Section, Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division.

This paper provides an explanation of the estimation procedures used to calculate 1999-2000 research and development (R&D) expenditures in the higher education sector, as well as further refinement based upon investigations.

This article, the first of three, gives an overview of this study of the determinants of elementary and high school mathematics and science performance, the economic returns of adult literacy, and the diffusion of science and technology (S&T) graduates into the work force.

This article, the second of three, describes elementary and secondary school participation and performance in science and technology (S&T) courses.

This article, the third and last of a series, examines science and technology (S&T) graduates, their postsecondary studies and their early careers.

This Juristat presents and analyzes information on young offender admissions to custody and community services, with breakdowns by custody (secure custody, open custody, remand) and probation, and key case characteristics such as age, sex, Aboriginal/non-Aboriginal status, and most serious offence. In addition, it includes data pertaining to releases from remand, secure custody, and open custody by sex and time served. These breakdowns are presented and analyzed at the national and provincial/territorial level.

Data summarized in this Juristat are primarily drawn from the national Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) Survey. The scope of the survey is to collect and analyze information on the application of dispositions under the Young Offenders Act from provincial and territorial agencies responsible for youth corrections and programs.

This article focusses on trends in radio listening, with an emphasis on fall 2000.

This article analyses the economic effects of exporting Canadian culture products and importing foreign products. It uses data based on culture commodity trade figures for the first six months of 2001.

This article is a synopsis of an article published previously by the Science, Innovation, and Electronic Information Division, Statistics Canada. It highlights the sections that we believe are of most interest to readers from the culture sector drawing data from the 1999 Household Internet Use Survey (HIUS).

This guide presents information of interest to users of data from the Survey of Household Spending. Data are collected via personal interview conducted in January, February and March after the reference year using a paper questionnaire. Information is gathered about the spending habits, dwelling characteristics and household equipment of Canadian households during the reference year. The survey covers private households in the ten provinces. (The three territories are surveyed every second year starting in 2001.)

This guide includes definitions of survey terms and variables, as well as descriptions of survey methodology and data quality. There is also a section describing the various statistics that can be created using expenditure data (e.g., budget share, market share, and aggregates).

The purpose of this bulletin is to review various responses to "Why are you asking about rural populations?"; to summarize and compare alternative definitions that have been used to delineate the "rural" population within the databases at Statistics Canada; and to offer alternative definitions of "rural" that would be appropriate to each reason for asking about the rural population.

This report describes the quality indicators produced for the 1998 Survey of Household Spending. It covers the usual quality indicators that help users interpret data, such as coefficients of variation, nonresponse rates, imputation rates and the impact of imputed data on the estimates. Added to these are various less often used indicators such as slippage rates and measures of the representativity of the sample for particular characteristics that are useful for evaluating the survey methodology.

This report describes the quality indicators produced for the 1999 Survey of Household Spending. It covers the usual quality indicators that help users interpret data, such as coefficients of variation, nonresponse rates, imputation rates and the impact of imputed data on the estimates. Added to these are various less often used indicators such as slippage rates and measures of the representativity of the sample for particular characteristics that are useful for evaluating the survey methodology.

This document provides a detailed description of the methodology of the Survey of Household Spending. Topics covered include: target population; sample design; data collection; data processing; weighting and estimation; estimation of sampling error; and data suppression and confidentiality.

As of May 31, 2001 the Quarterly Income and Expenditure Accounts will have adopted the following change: Capitalization of software.

As of May 31, 2001 the Quarterly Income and Expenditure Accounts will have adopted the following change: Capitalization of software.

As of September 28, 2001 the annual revision of monthly GDP by industry estimates will include major classification and conceptual changes: Change in valuation from factor cost to basic prices.

As of September 28, 2001 the annual revision of monthly GDP by industry estimates will include major classification and conceptual changes: Adoption of NAICS.

This publication is intended for anyone interested in a career as an economist/sociologist at Statistics Canada, Canada's federal statistical agency.