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- 31. The role of demographic factors in the analysis of survey versus diary purchase reporting accuracy ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114577Description:
In this article the authors evaluate the relative performance of survey and diary data collection methods in the context of the long-distance telephone communication market. Based on an analysis of 1,530 respondents, the results indicate that two demographic variables, sex and income, are important in explaining the difference in survey reporting and diary recording of usage data.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 32. Sample allocation in multivariate surveys ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114578Description:
The optimum allocation to strata for multipurpose surveys is often solved in practice by establishing linear variance constraints and then using convex programming to minimize the survey cost. Using the Kuhn-Tucker theorem, this paper gives an expression for the resulting optimum allocation in terms of Lagrangian multipliers. Using this representation, the partial derivative of the cost function with respect to the k-th variance constraint is found to be -2 \alpha_{k^*} g (x^*) / v_k, where g (x^*) is the cost of the optimum allocation and where \alpha_{k^*} and v_k are, respectively, the k-th normalized Lagrangian multiplier and the upper bound on the precision of the k-th variable. Finally, a simple computing algorithm is presented and its convergence properties are discussed. The use of these results in sample design is demonstrated with data from a survey of commercial establishments.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 33. Modelling and estimation for repeated surveys ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114579Description:
Estimation of the means of a characteristic for a population at different points in time, based on a series of repeated surveys, is briefly reviewed. By imposing a stochastic parametric model on these means, it is possible to estimate the parameters of the model and to obtain alternative estimators of the means themselves. We describe the case where the population means follow an autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) process and the survey errors can also be formulated as an ARMA process. An example using data from the Canadian Travel Survey is presented.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114580Description:
Estimation of total numbers of hogs and pigs, sows and gilts, and cattle and calves in a state is studied using data obtained in the June Enumerative Survey conducted by the National Agricultural Statistics Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It is possible to construct six different estimators using the June Enumerative Survey data. Three estimators involve data from area samples and three estimators combine data from list-frame and area-frame surveys. A rotation sampling scheme is used for the area frame portion of the June Enumerative Survey. Using data from the five years, 1982 through 1986, covariances among the estimators for different years are estimated. A composite estimator is proposed for the livestock numbers. The composite estimator is obtained by a generalized least-squares regression of the vector of different yearly estimators on an appropriate set of dummy variables. The composite estimator is designed to yield estimates for livestock inventories that are “at the same level” as the official estimates made by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114581Description:
This paper develops a design consistent small domain estimator using a random effects model. The mean squared error of this estimator is then evaluated without assuming the random effect component of the model is correct. Data from a complex sample survey shows how this approach to mean squared error estimation, while perhaps too instable to be used directly, can be employed to determine whether the design consistent small domain estimator proposed here is better than the conventional design-based estimator.
Release date: 1989-06-15
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- 1. Bilingualism and earnings ArchivedTable: 75-001-X19890022277Description:
This study compares the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers in three urban centres: Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa-Hull. Differences in the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers are considered in the light of several demographic and job-related traits.
Release date: 1989-06-30
Analysis (34)
Analysis (34) (20 to 30 of 34 results)
- 21. Canada's unemployment mosaic ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890022274Geography: CanadaDescription:
From 1985 to 1988, the national unemployment rate declined sharply but regional patterns varied considerably. The unemployment rate and other labour market measures for 40 sub-provincial areas are used in this study of the increase in regional unemployment disparities observed in recent years.
Release date: 1989-06-30 - 22. On maternity leave ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890022275Geography: CanadaDescription:
The fertility rate continues to decline but interest in maternity leave is growing as more women of child bearing age join the labour force. This article looks at maternity absences among working women by age, education and province. It also explores the links between the fertility rate and maternity absences and between compensation and length of absence.
Release date: 1989-06-30 - 23. The changing face of temporary help ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890022276Geography: CanadaDescription:
How does the temporary help worker differ from the 'average worker'? This profile covers characteristics such as age, sex, material status, education, occupation and earnings, with some surprising results. The role played by temporary help agencies as employers and workers adjust to changes in the business cycle is also examined.
Release date: 1989-06-30 - 24. The use of administrative data for initial and subsequent profiles of economic entities ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114571Description:
Statistics Canada is currently rebuilding its central register of economic entities. The new register views each economic entity as a network of legal and operating entities whose characteristics allow for the delineation of statistical entities. This network view, the profile, is determined through the ‘profiling’ process which involves contact with the economic entity. In 1986 a list of all entities in-scope for a profiling contact was required so that profiles could be obtained to initialize the new register. Administrative data were used to build this list. In the future, administrative data will be a source of information on changes that may have happened to economic entities. They may thus be used as a source of direct update or as a signal that a review of the structure of an entity is required. The paper begins with the objectives of the profiling process. The procedures for constructing the frame for the initial profiling process using several administrative data sources are then presented. These procedures include the application of concepts, the detection of overlap between sources, and the evaluation of data quality. Next, the role of administrative data in providing information on changes to business entities and in requesting profiles to be verified is presented. Then the results of a simulation study done to assess this role are reviewed. Finally, the paper concludes with a series of questions on the methodology of using administrative data to maintain profiles.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114572Description:
The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is a new Census Bureau panel survey designed to provide data on the economic situation of persons and families in the United States. The basic datum of SIPP is monthly income, which is reported for each month of the four-month reference period preceding the interview month. The SIPP Record Check Study uses administrative record data to estimate the quality of SIPP estimates for a variety of income sources and transfer programs. The project uses computerized record matching to identify SIPP sample persons in four states who are on record as having received payments from any of nine state or Federal programs, and then compares survey-reported dates and amounts of payments with official record values. The paper describes the project in detail and presents some early findings.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114573Description:
The Census Bureau makes extensive use of administrative records information in its various economic programs. Although the volume of records processed annually is vast, even larger numbers will be received during the census years. Census Bureau mainframe computers perform quality control (QC) tabulations on the data; however, since such a large number of QC tables are needed and resources for programming are limited and costly, a comprehensive mainframe QC system is difficult to attain. Add to this the sensitive nature of the data and the potentially very negative ramifications from erroneous data, and the need becomes quite apparent for a sophisticated quality assurance system on the microcomputer level. Such a system is being developed by the Economic Surveys Division and will be in place for the 1987 administrative records data files. The automated quality assurance system integrates micro and mainframe computer technology. Administrative records data are received weekly and processed initially through mainframe QC programs. The mainframe output is transferred to a microcomputer and formatted specifically for importation to a spreadsheet program. Systematic quality verification occurs within the spreadsheet structure, as data review, error detection, and report generation are accomplished automatically. As a result of shifting processes from mainframe to microcomputer environments, the system eases the burden on the programming staff, increases the flexibility of the analytical staff, and reduces processing costs on the mainframe and provides the comprehensive quality assurance component for administrative records.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 27. Methods for adjusting for lack of independence in an application of the Fellegi-Sunter model of record linkage ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114574Description:
Let A x B be the product space of two sets A and B which is divided into matches (pairs representing the same entity) and nonmatches (pairs representing different entities). Linkage rules are those that divide A x B into links (designated matches), possible links (pairs for which we delay a decision), and nonlinks (designated nonmatches). Under fixed bounds on the error rates, Fellegi and Sunter (1969) provided a linkage rule that is optimal in the sense that it minimizes the set of possible links. The optimality is dependent on knowledge of certain probabilities that are used in a crucial likelihood ratio. In applying the record linkage model, an independence assumption is often made that allows estimation of the probabilities. If the assumption is not met, then a record linkage procedure using estimates computed under the assumption may not be optimal. This paper contains an examination of methods for adjusting linkage rules when the independence assumption is not valid. The presentation takes the form of an empirical analysis of lists of businesses for which the truth of matches is known. The number of possible links obtained using standard and adjusted computational procedures may be dependent on different samples. Bootstrap methods (Efron 1987) are used to examine the variation due to different samples.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 28. European experience of using administrative data for censuses of population: The policy issues that must be addressed ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114575Description:
The experience of the four Nordic countries illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of a register-based census of population and points to ways in which the disadvantages can be contained. Other countries see major obstacles to a register-based census: the lack of data systems of the kind and quality needed; and public concern about privacy and the power of the State. These issues go far beyond statistics; they concern policy and administration. The paper looks at the situation in two countries, the United Kingdom and Australia. In the United Kingdom past initiatives aimed at population registration in peacetime foundered and the present environment is hostile to any new initiative. But the government is going ahead with a controversial reform of local taxation that involves setting up new registers. In Australia the government tabled a Bill to introduce identity cards and an associated register, and advanced clearcut political arguments to support it; the Bill was later withdrawn. The paper concludes that the issues involved in reforming data systems deserve to be fully discussed and gives reasons why statisticians should take a leading part in the debate.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114576Description:
A typical goal of health workers in the developing world is to ascertain whether or not a population meets certain standards, such as the proportion vaccinated against a certain disease. Because populations tend to be large, and resources and time available for studies limited, it is usually necessary to select a sample from the population and then make estimates regarding the entire population. Depending upon the proportion of the sample individuals who were not vaccinated, a decision will be made as to whether the coverage is adequate or whether additional efforts must be initiated to improve coverage in the population. Several sampling methods are currently in use. Among these is a modified method of cluster sampling recommended by the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) of the World Health Organization. More recently, quality assurance sampling (QAS), a method commonly used for inspecting manufactured products, has been proposed as a potentially useful method for continually monitoring health service programs. In this paper, the QAS method is described and an example of how this type of sampling might be used is provided.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 30. The role of demographic factors in the analysis of survey versus diary purchase reporting accuracy ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114577Description:
In this article the authors evaluate the relative performance of survey and diary data collection methods in the context of the long-distance telephone communication market. Based on an analysis of 1,530 respondents, the results indicate that two demographic variables, sex and income, are important in explaining the difference in survey reporting and diary recording of usage data.
Release date: 1989-06-15
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