Low Response Rate from Merchants? Sample and Ask Consumers! An Application of Indirect Sampling Under a Consumer-Merchant Bipartite Network - ARCHIVED

Articles and reports: 11-522-X202500100002
Description: Under the consumer-merchant bipartite network, we apply the indirect sampling approach to estimate merchant payment acceptance through a consumer payment diary. The records of in-person transactions in the consumer diary provide both the merchant sample via consumer-merchant linkages, and the merchant acceptance via consumers' responses on methods of payments used and accepted. Among merchants receiving multiple transactions during the period of the diary, we show that the derived payment acceptance from the consumer reporting is high quality in terms of very few conflicts between usage and perception, and within perceptions. Therefore, consumers are leveraged to be both sampling and reporting units in our indirect sampling application to eliminate merchant response burden. Furthermore, the necessity to proceed to weight adjustment to account for the non-recorded-merchant bias due to the relatively shorter duration of the diary (i.e., 3 days) is shown. Finally, these indirect sampling estimates are compared to the ones from a direct sampling survey, and it is found that the results are aligning well.
Issue Number: 2025001
Author(s): Chen, Heng; Wu, Joy
Main Product: Statistics Canada International Symposium Series: Proceedings
Format Release date More information
PDF September 8, 2025

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