Table 7
Characteristics of people accused of hate crimes, by detailed hate crime motivation for the criminal incident, Canada, 2018 to 2023
| Accused | Men and boys – Gender1 | Women and girls – Gender1 | – Age2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | % | % | median | |
| Detailed hate crime motivation for the criminal incident | ||||
| Total3 | 6,221 | 85 | 15 | 33.0 |
| Race or ethnicity | 3,453 | 84 | 16 | 35.0 |
| Black | 1,360 | 85 | 15 | 32.0 |
| East or Southeast Asian | 396 | 83 | 17 | 37.0 |
| South Asian | 427 | 80 | 20 | 36.5 |
| Arab or West Asian | 494 | 80 | 20 | 37.0 |
| Indigenous | 153 | 91 | 9 | 40.0 |
| White | 144 | 76 | 24 | 29.0 |
| Other or not specified4 | 479 | 87 | 13 | 35.5 |
| Religion | 1,057 | 87 | 13 | 34.0 |
| Jewish | 523 | 92 | 8 | 30.0 |
| Muslim | 330 | 81 | 19 | 40.0 |
| Catholic | 70 | 84 | 16 | 38.0 |
| Other or not specified5 | 134 | 83 | 17 | 37.0 |
| Sexual orientation | 993 | 88 | 12 | 24.0 |
Note(s):
Hate crime counts from the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey include both confirmed and suspected hate crime incidents. The table information reflects data from municipal and provincial police services, as well as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, covering over 99% of the Canadian population. This table includes any counts that occurred within the jurisdiction of police services not reporting to the UCR 2, but that were investigated by other police services that do report, such as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Ontario Provincial Police or the Sûreté du Québec. Percentages may not add up because of rounding. It should be noted that children aged younger than 12 years cannot be charged with a criminal offence. From 2018 to 2023, there was information on 6,221 accused individuals associated with 5,381 incidents. In 10% of these incidents, more than one accused was identified. Incidents where the motivation was unknown are included in the counts given in this note.
Source(s):
Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (3302).
Table note 1
The option for police to code accused as "non-binary" in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey was implemented in 2018. In the context of the UCR Survey, the term "non-binary" refers to a person who publicly expresses themselves as neither exclusively male nor exclusively female. Given that small counts of accused identified as non-binary may exist, the UCR data available to the public have been recoded with these accused distributed in the "men and boys" or "women and girls" categories based on the regional distribution of accused people's gender. This recoding ensures the protection of the confidentiality and privacy of accused.
Table note 2
Excludes accused whose age is unknown or who are older than 110 years.
Table note 3
Includes motivations based on mental or physical disability, language, sex or gender, age, immigrants or newcomers to Canada, a combination of more than two motivations, and other similar factors (e.g., occupation or political beliefs), as well as incidents where the motivation is unknown.
Table note 4
Includes motivations based on race or ethnicity not otherwise stated (e.g., Latin American, South American), as well as hate crimes that target more than one race or ethnic group and those where no race or ethnicity was specified.
Table note 5
Includes motivations based on religions not otherwise stated (e.g., Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist), as well as those where no religion was specified.
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